Andelen av befolkningen som är i aktiv ålder minskar. Ett sätt att motverka denna utveckling är arbetskraftsinvandring. I denna artikel ser vi på den del av arbetskraftsinvandringen som kommer från tredje land (länder utanför EU/EES). En del av de som kommer stannar endast en kortare tid i Sverige. Vi undersöker om de som lämnar och de som stannar kvar skiljer sig åt vad gäller olika egenskaper. Vi finner att de som är högt utbildade och har högre inkomster lämnar Sverige i större utsträckning än de andra som kommit.

Gösta Bagges Frihet eller socialism var högerns valhandbok 1944. Valet handlade om vilken väg Sverige skulle ta efter kriget, en mer frihetlig eller att "omdana samhället i socialistisk riktning". Skriften kan ses som en start på planhushållningsmotståndet. Denna nyupplaga innehåller ett efterord av av professor Eskil Wadensjö om Bagges gärningar som nationalekonom, akademisk entreprenör och som politiker och ett förord av Anders Ydstedt.

The proportion of the population being of working age is decreasing. One way to counteract this development is accepting labor immigration. In this article, we look at the part of labor immigration that comes from what is called third countries (countries outside EEA). Some of those who come to Sweden stay only for a short time. We investigate whether those who leave and those who stay differ in terms of various characteristics. We find that those who are highly educated and have higher incomes leave Sweden to a greater extent than others who come.

Recension av Eskil Wadensjö: Sheila Fitzpatrick: Lost Souls: Soviet Displaced Persons and the Birth of the Cold War, Princeton University Press, 2024, 352 sidor, ISBN 978-0-691-23002-3.

Recension av Ove K. Pedersen, Myten om den danske model, Informations forlag, Köpenhamn, 2023.

Pension systems remain a national competence in the EU member states and are undergoing reforms in all European countries. There are some tendencies to integration of the systems, but large differences remain. This chapter assesses the chances for differentiated integration with regard to pension policy and whether the Nordic welfare states will lead the way for the rest of Europe. In doing so, it analyses problems related to aging and the pension systems in Europe and the differences between the solutions in the European countries. It shows that even in the Nordics pension systems are very different and reforms are marked by path dependence. This continues to represent an obstacle to labour mobility in the region. The chapter concludes that there are only few signs of integration of the pensions systems in the EU and in the Nordic countries. Thus, the Nordics cannot serve as a model case of differentiated integration in the fields of pensions.

The green transition builds on a change to fossil-free energy and to a circular economy. In a European context, the major policy initiative is the Green Deal. While this transition needs to be rapid, gains and losses of jobs need to be considered. This may have profound positive and negative effects for different occupational groups as greening of the jobs may both eliminate current risks (e.g. associated with fossil fuels), and introduce new ones. This article provides examples of such risks to occupational safety and health. It also discusse employment conditions and worker bargaining power in relation to the twin digital and green transition. In order to reduce negative effects of the green transition on the health and safety of workers, we suggest that there is an urgent need to establish strategies for Safe and Healthy Green Jobs. We proceed tosuggest steps towards such a Roadmap, and also indicate some key knowledge gaps.

Background Although there is a growing dependence on the immigrant workforce in many countries, recent trend analyses on the work-related health of immigrants are scarce. Thus, this study aims to fill this gap by comparing reported occupational injuries due to accidents (OIA) trends among native-born Swedes with first-generation immigrants arriving from different global regions now working in Sweden from 2003 to 2020.

Methods A repeated cross-sectional registered-based study was conducted including the total working population (18 years or older) (approximately 3.5-4 million individuals annually). Information on OIA and migrant status was obtained from nationwide registers. The incidence rate (IR) of an OIA per 1000 workers with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated for region of birth, the reason for immigration, and time since immigration for each year. Joinpoint analyses were employed to detect significant shifts in the trends.

Results The IR of OIA among native-born workers demonstrated a relatively stable trend between 2003 and 2020. Immigrant workers had in general a higher IR of OIA compared to native-born workers across the study period. Among immigrant workers, a steeper downward trend in OIA was observed until 2008/2010. After 2010, the trends were relatively stable or slightly increasing, depending on the region of birth, reason for immigration, and time since immigration. The stratified analysis demonstrated varying patterns depending on sociodemographic and occupational factors.

Conclusions Immigrant workers in Sweden have a higher incidence of occupational injuries than native Swedes. Despite a general downward trend since 2003, young immigrants from Africa and the Middle East show an upward trend, highlighting a concerning increase for an already vulnerable group and potentially worsening health inequalities.

Det finns en omfattande samhällsvetenskaplig forskning om diskriminering av de som kommit från andra länder till Sverige. Forskningen har framför allt behandlat diskriminering på arbetsmarknaden och till viss del på bostadsmarknaden. Inom forskningen har använts olika metoder som experiment där flera ansökningar har skickats till samma arbete med lika meriter men med olika namn och etnisk bakgrund. Undersökningarna har framför allt gällt diskriminering av de som kommit från Mellanöstern eller Afrika. Men det finns många andra former av diskriminerande behandling och andra grupper som blir diskriminerade. Tobias Hübinette, forskare vid Karlstads universitet, behandlar i Svenska asiater – antiasiatisk rasism och framväxten av en ny minoritet olika former av diskriminering av de som har sin bakgrund i Sydöstasien.