Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) are new group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) listed in the Stockholm Convention. The Yangtze River Delta is among the industrially most developed areas in China, supporting a large production and consumption of chlorinated paraffins (CPs). Despite this, there is very limited data on the environmental exposure of SCCPs from the region. This study analyzed SCCPs in 14 wild aquatic organisms from Dianshan Lake, Shanghai, China. The concentrations of total SCCPs ranged from 10 to 1300 mu g g(-1) lipid weight, with significantly higher levels (p < 0.05) in benthic (benthic fish and invertebrates) than in non-benthic species (pelagic and mesopelagic fish). The abundance of C-10 congeners was much higher in the benthic species compared to in the non-benthic species. The calculated trophic magnification factors (TMFs) of SCCP congeners varied from 1.19 (C10H12Cl10) to 1.57 (C13H20Cl8). The TMFs were significantly correlated (p < 0.01) with carbon-chain length in a positive linear relationship and with Log K-ow in a parabolic curve relationship. Considering the high concentrations of SCCPs in wild aquatic organisms and the trophic magnification observed in the freshwater food web, further studies should be undertaken to assess the environmental fate of SCCPs and the public health risk in the Yangtze River Delta.