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The effect of soil horizon and mineral type on the distribution of siderophores in soil
Stockholms universitet, Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för geologiska vetenskaper.
Stockholms universitet, Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för geologiska vetenskaper.
2014 (engelsk)Inngår i: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, ISSN 0016-7037, E-ISSN 1872-9533, Vol. 131, s. 184-195Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]

Iron is a key component of the chemical architecture of the biosphere. Due to the low bioavailability of iron in the environment, microorganisms have developed specific uptake strategies like production of siderophores. Siderophores are operationally defined as low-molecular-mass biogenic Fe(III)-binding compounds, that can increase the bioavailability of iron by promoting the dissolution of iron-bearing minerals. In the present study, we investigated the composition of dissolved and adsorbed siderophores of the hydroxamate family in the soil horizons of podzol and the effect of specific mineral types on siderophores. Three polished mineral specimens of 3 cm x 4 cm x 3 mm (apatite, biotite and oligioclase) were inserted in the soil horizons (O (organic), E (eluvial) and B (upper illuvial)). After two years, soil samples were collected from both the bulk soil of the whole profile and from the soil attached to the mineral surfaces. The concentration of ten different fungal tri-hydroxamates within ferrichromes, fusigen and coprogens families, and five bacterial hydroxamates within the ferrioxamine family were detected. All hydroxamate types were determined in both soil water (dissolved) and soil methanol (adsorbed) extracts along the whole soil profile by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS); hence, the study is the most extensive of its kind. We found that coprogens and fusigen were present in much higher concentrations in bulk soil than were ferrioxamines and ferrichromes. On the other hand, the presence of the polished mineral completely altered the distribution of siderophores. In addition, each mineral had a unique interaction with the dissolved and adsorbed hydroxamates in the different soil horizons. Thus siderophore composition in the soil environment is controlled by the chemical, physical and biological characteristics of each soil horizon and also by the available mineral types.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
2014. Vol. 131, s. 184-195
HSV kategori
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-102946DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2014.01.031ISI: 000333330100013OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-102946DiVA, id: diva2:715032
Merknad

AuthorCount:2;

Tilgjengelig fra: 2014-04-30 Laget: 2014-04-25 Sist oppdatert: 2022-02-23bibliografisk kontrollert
Inngår i avhandling
1. Microbe-mineral interactions in soil: Investigation of biogenic chelators, microenvironments and weathering processes
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Microbe-mineral interactions in soil: Investigation of biogenic chelators, microenvironments and weathering processes
2015 (engelsk)Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
Abstract [en]

The interplay between geology and biology has shaped the Earth during billions of years. Microbe-mineral interactions are prime examples of this interplay and underscore the importance of microorganisms in making Earth a suitable environment for all forms of life. The present thesis takes an interdisciplinary approach to obtain an integrated understanding of microbe-mineral interactions. More specifically it addresses how the composition and distribution of biogenic weathering agents (siderophores) differ with regard to soil horizon and mineral type in situ, what siderophore type soil microorganisms produces under laboratory conditions, what role microbial surface attachment plays in mineral weathering reactions and what central roles and applications siderophores have in the environment.

Podzol, the third most abundant soil in Europe, and most abundant in Scandinavia, was chosen for a field experiment, where three minerals (apatite, biotite and oligoclase) were inserted in the organic, eluvial and upper illuvial soil horizons. The study started with an investigation of the siderophore composition in the bulk soil profile and on the mineral surfaces (paper I), which was followed by a study of the siderophore producing capabilities of microorganisms isolated from the soil profile under laboratory conditions (paper II). Subsequently, a study was done on the impact of microbial surface attachment on biotite dissolution (paper III). Finally, the roles of siderophores in nature and their potential applications were reviewed (paper IV).

The major findings were that the concentration of hydroxamate siderophores in the soil attached to the mineral surfaces was greater than those in the surrounding bulk soil, indicating that the minerals stimulate the microbial communities attached to their surfaces to produce more siderophores than the microorganisms in the bulk soil. Each mineral had a unique assemblage of hydroxamate siderophores, that makes the mineral type one of the main factors affecting siderophore composition in the natural environment. Siderophore production varied between the microbial species originating from different soil horizons, suggesting that the metabolic properties of microbes in deep soil horizons function differently from those at upper soil horizons. Microbial surface attachment enhanced the biotite dissolution, showing that attached microbes has a greater influence on weathering reactions in soil than planktonic populations. In conclusion, our findings reflected that the complicated relationship between microorganisms and mineral surfaces reinforces the central theme of biogeochemistry that the mineral controls the biological activity in the natural environments. However, the importance of these relationships to the biogeochemical systems requires further investigation.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Stockholm: Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, 2015
Emneord
Podzol, Biotite, Apatite, Oligoclase, Microbial attachment, Siderophores, Soil microorganisms
HSV kategori
Forskningsprogram
geokemi
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-115250 (URN)978-91-7649-135-5 (ISBN)
Disputas
2015-05-11, Nordenskiöldsalen, Geovetenskapens hus, Svante Arrhenius väg 12, Stockholm, 13:00 (engelsk)
Opponent
Veileder
Merknad

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: In press. Paper 3: In press.

 

Tilgjengelig fra: 2015-04-20 Laget: 2015-03-18 Sist oppdatert: 2022-02-23bibliografisk kontrollert

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