Peter Artedi (1705-1735) was a Swedish doctor, naturalist, and author of Ichthyologia (Leiden 1738), a book enjoying the reputation of being a pioneering work that has never been translated into any vernacular language. This paper demonstrates Artedi's innovative and consistent method of work through a Swedish translation of his treatment of one sincle species, Clupea maxilla inferiore longiore, maculis nigris carens "Strömming" in Volumes III, IV, and V of Ichthyologia. These three instalments are compared with the article on Clupea Harengus (Linn. 1758), "Herring", authored by Sir Francis Willughby (1636-1672) and John Ray (1627-1705), both of the Royal Society of London.