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Towards the cold atom analog false vacuum
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics. Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics (OKC). University College London, U.K..ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2519-584X
Number of Authors: 42018 (English)In: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP), ISSN 1126-6708, E-ISSN 1029-8479, no 7, article id 014Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Analog condensed matter systems present an exciting opportunity to simulate early Universe models in table-top experiments. We consider a recent proposal for an analog condensed matter experiment to simulate the relativistic quantum decay of the false vacuum. In the proposed experiment, two ultra-cold condensates are coupled via a time-varying radio-frequency field. The relative phase of the two condensates in this system is approximately described by a relativistic scalar field with a potential possessing a series of false and true vacuum local minima. If the system is set up in a false vacuum, it would then decay to a true vacuum via quantum mechanical tunnelling. Should such an experiment be realized, it would be possible to answer a number of open questions regarding non-perturbative phenomena in quantum field theory and early Universe cosmology. In this paper, we illustrate a possible obstruction: the time-varying coupling that is invoked to create a false vacuum for the long-wavelength modes of the condensate leads to a destabilization of shorter wavelength modes within the system via parametric resonance. We focus on an idealized setup in which the two condensates have identical properties and identical background densities. Describing the system by the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations (GPE), we use the machinery of Floquet theory to perform a linear stability analysis, calculating the wavenumber associated with the first instability band for a variety of experimental parameters. However, we demonstrate that, by tuning the frequency of the time-varying coupling, it may be possible to push the first instability band outside the validity of the GPE, where dissipative effects are expected to damp any instabilities. This provides a viable range of experimental parameters to perform analog experiments of false vacuum decay.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2018. no 7, article id 014
Keywords [en]
Nonperturbative Effects, Solitons Monopoles and Instantons, Effective Field Theories
National Category
Physical Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-158341DOI: 10.1007/JHEP07(2018)014ISI: 000437355000014OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-158341DiVA, id: diva2:1238912
Available from: 2018-08-15 Created: 2018-08-15 Last updated: 2022-03-23Bibliographically approved

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Braden, JonathanPeiris, Hiranya V.

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