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Poincaré index formula and analogy with the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in a non-rotated cold atom Bose-Einstein condensate
Stockholm University, Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics (Nordita). Université de Tours, France.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5087-3115
Stockholm University, Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics (Nordita). Beijing Institute of Technology, China.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3408-5834
Number of Authors: 22022 (English)In: Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP), ISSN 1126-6708, E-ISSN 1029-8479, no 9, article id 154Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A dilute gas of Bose-Einstein condensed atoms in a non-rotated and axially symmetric harmonic trap is modelled by the time dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. When the angular momentum carried by the condensate does not vanish, the minimum energy state describes vortices (or antivortices) that propagate around the trap center. The number of (anti)vortices increases with the angular momentum, and they repel each other to form Abrikosov lattices. Besides vortices and antivortices there are also stagnation points where the superflow vanishes; to our knowledge the stagnation points have not been analyzed previously, in the context of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The Poincare index formula states that the difference in the number of vortices and stagnation points can never change. When the number of stagnation points is small, they tend to aggregate into degenerate propagating structures. But when the number becomes sufficiently large, the stagnation points tend to pair up with the vortex cores, to propagate around the trap center in regular lattice arrangements. There is an analogy with the geometry of the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition, with the angular momentum of the condensate as the external control parameter instead of the temperature.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2022. no 9, article id 154
Keywords [en]
Effective Field Theories, Solitons Monopoles and Instantons, Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking
National Category
Subatomic Physics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-210310DOI: 10.1007/JHEP09(2022)154ISI: 000857988500005Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85138563254OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-210310DiVA, id: diva2:1702829
Available from: 2022-10-11 Created: 2022-10-11 Last updated: 2022-10-11Bibliographically approved

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Niemi, Antti J.

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