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Probing the Low-mass End of Core-collapse Supernovae Using a Sample of Strongly-stripped Calcium-rich Type IIb Supernovae from the Zwicky Transient Facility
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Astronomy. Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics (OKC).ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2898-6532
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Number of Authors: 292023 (English)In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 959, no 1, article id 12Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The fate of stars in the zero-age main-sequence (ZAMS) range ≈8–12 M is unclear. They could evolve to form white dwarfs or explode as electron-capture supernovae (SNe) or iron core-collapse SNe (CCSNe). Even though the initial mass function indicates that this mass range should account for over 40% of all CCSN progenitors, few have been observationally confirmed, likely due to the faintness and rapid evolution of some of these transients. In this paper, we present a sample of nine Ca-rich/O-poor Type IIb SNe detected by the Zwicky Transient Facility with progenitors likely in this mass range. These sources have a [Ca ii] λλ7291, 7324/[O i] λλ6300, 6364 flux ratio of ≳2 in their nebular spectra. Comparing the measured [O i] luminosity (≲1039 erg s−1) and derived oxygen mass (≈0.01 M) with theoretical models, we infer that the progenitor ZAMS mass for these explosions is less than 12 M. The ejecta properties (Mej ≲ 1 M and Ekin ∼ 1050 erg) are also consistent. The low ejecta mass of these sources indicates a class of strongly-stripped SNe that is a transition between the regular stripped-envelope SNe and ultra-stripped SNe. The progenitor could be stripped by a main-sequence companion and result in the formation of a neutron star−main sequence binary. Such binaries have been suggested to be progenitors of neutron star−white dwarf systems that could merge within a Hubble time and be detectable with LISA.

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2023. Vol. 959, no 1, article id 12
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Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
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URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-225065DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acfeebISI: 001111158400001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85179832911OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-225065DiVA, id: diva2:1825227
Available from: 2024-01-09 Created: 2024-01-09 Last updated: 2024-10-16Bibliographically approved

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Yang, ShengSchulze, SteveSollerman, JesperBarbarino, Cristina

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Department of AstronomyThe Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics (OKC)Department of Physics
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