Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Molecularly Imprinted Solid-Phase Extraction and Liquid Chromatography for Biological Samples
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical Chemistry.
2006 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis focuses on the use of molecularly imprinted polymers as selective sorbents for solid-phase extraction (MISPE). The MISPE methods developed were mainly intended for use with biological samples, such as human urine and blood plasma. These body fluids are complex samples, which often need an effective clean-up step before analysis to reduce the levels of possible interfering substances from the matrix, especially if the analytes are present in trace amounts. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) is a well-established and routinely used method for clean-up and preconcentration of samples from diverse matrices. However, conventional SPE sorbents often lack selectivity, leading to co-extraction of interferences, which negatively affects the following detection method. One of the advantages of MISPE is the built-in selectivity for a target analyte, or class of structurally related analytes, enabling the efficient clean-up that is often required for biological samples. The built-in selectivity of MISPE originates from the preparation of a highly crosslinked copolymer network in the presence of an imprint molecule, i.e. the template. Subsequent removal of this template molecule leads to the creation of defined recognition sites, complementary to the shape and functionality of the template.

In this work, molecularly imprinted polymers were synthesized for the first time for several types of target analytes, including diphosphate esters (Papers I-III) and a protein adduct (Paper IV) and evaluated as sorbents for solid-phase extraction. A MISPE method for extracting local anaesthetic drugs from human plasma was also evaluated (Paper V). The development of appropriate methods for using the prepared polymers to extract target analytes directly from body fluids, and the elucidation of factors that influence their performance, were major foci of all the work underlying this thesis. These are not straightforward tasks, since the recognition mechanism of the material is often based on polar interactions, which are not favoured in aqueous environments. In such cases, non-selective adsorption of the analyte(s) to the polymer surface often occurs. In order to use the MIP sorbent most effectively it is important to suppress this non-selective adsorption, without disrupting the selective adsorption of the target analyte(s) to the imprints. Generally in these studies, this strong analyte-polymer surface interaction could be repressed, and selective adsorption enhanced, by carefully optimising the conditions for washing the sorbent, in terms of organic solvent volumes, solvent polarity and the addition of an ionic modifier. The sample matrix, mainly urine, was found to strongly decrease the capacity of the MIP. Hence, this effect was further investigated. It was found that the presence of NaCl in the sample negatively affected the recovery and repeatability of the method. Furthermore, these parameters could be improved by adjusting the sample pH. It was important to control the pH of the sample, in order both to achieve selective extraction and to increase the extraction recoveries. The selectivity of MISPE for the extraction of diphosphate esters from human urine was demonstrated by comparing its performance with that of a conventional SPE sorbent, a mixed-mode-anion exchanger (MAX). Due to its efficient clean-up, MISPE generated extracts that yielded less complex ion chromatograms in subsequent LC/ESI-MS analysis than extracts from the MAX cartridge. Due to its efficient clean-up, MISPE generated extracts that yielded less complex ion chromatograms in subsequent LC/ESI-MS analysis than extracts from the MAX cartridge. Signal suppression from the interfering co-eluting compounds was detected when the MAX extracts were analysed, which was not the case for the MISPE extracts. These findings show the importance of efficient and selective sample preparation, even if a selective detector is used.

Development of LC/ESI-MS methods was also an extensive component of this work (Papers I-IV). Different chromatographic conditions have been evaluated for the optimal separation and detection of the investigated compounds. Use of ion-pairing agents and suitable HPLC columns (Hypercarb and C18 Aquasil) for the acidic, polar analytes, was found to give better retention and separation than use of conventional reversed-phase columns. To improve the selectivity and detectability further, selected ion monitoring (SIM) and selected reaction monitoring (SRM) acquisition modes were used for quantification of the investigated compounds.

In summary, the aim of this work was to contribute to the knowledge of the recognition mechanisms of molecularly imprinted polymers in aqueous matrices, which is important for extending the use of MISPE for several types of bioanalytical applications.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Institutionen för analytisk kemi , 2006. , p. 91
National Category
Analytical Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1042ISBN: 91-7155-234-0 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-1042DiVA, id: diva2:189289
Public defence
2006-06-08, Magnélisalen, Kemiska övningslaboratoriet, Svante Arrhenius väg 12 A, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2006-05-09 Created: 2006-05-09 Last updated: 2010-01-08Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Synthesis and evaluation of molecularly imprinted polymers for extracting hydrolysis products of organophosphate flame retardants
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Synthesis and evaluation of molecularly imprinted polymers for extracting hydrolysis products of organophosphate flame retardants
2001 In: Journal of Chromatography A, ISSN 0021-9673, Vol. 938, no 1-2, p. 121-130Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-22696 (URN)
Note
Part of urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1042Available from: 2006-05-09 Created: 2006-05-09Bibliographically approved
2. Determination of a flame retardant hydrolysis product in human urine by SPE and LC-MS. Comparison of molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction with a mixed-mode anion exchanger
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Determination of a flame retardant hydrolysis product in human urine by SPE and LC-MS. Comparison of molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction with a mixed-mode anion exchanger
2004 In: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, ISSN 1618-2642, Vol. 378, no 1, p. 197-204Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-22697 (URN)
Note
Part of urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1042Available from: 2006-05-09 Created: 2006-05-09Bibliographically approved
3. Investigation of matrix effects on a molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Investigation of matrix effects on a molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction
2004 In: Journal of Chromatography B, ISSN 1570-0232, Vol. 811, no 2, p. 171-176Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-22698 (URN)
Note
Part of urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1042Available from: 2006-05-09 Created: 2006-05-09Bibliographically approved
4. Evaluation of molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction for a 1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane adduct to valine in haemoglobin
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Evaluation of molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction for a 1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane adduct to valine in haemoglobin
Show others...
2010 (English)In: Journal of chromatography. B, ISSN 1570-0232, E-ISSN 1873-376X, Vol. 878, no 27, p. 2497-2501Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A molecularly imprinted polymer, MIP, was prepared and evaluated as SPE sorbent for a cyclicized adduct formed to N-terminal valine (Pyr-Val) in hemoglobin from 1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane (DEB). This metabolite plays an important role in the carcinogenesis of 1,3-butadiene. The hydrazide of Pyr-Val, formed after hydrazinolysis of hemoglobin, as well as necessary standards was synthesized. The MIP was prepared from methacrylic acid with a structure analogue to the investigated adduct as template and the method was developed for aqueous conditions. Selective desorption was achieved when the sample was washed with water after loading in 10% acetonitrile. The primary interaction with the binding sites in the imprints was most likely of ionic character. Quantification of the Pyr-Val adduct was performed with LC/ESI-MS/MS, yielding an instrumental LOD of 150 pg injected amount.

Keywords
Hemoglobin adducts, Diepoxybutane, Molecularly imprinted polymers, Solid-phase extraction
National Category
Analytical Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-30127 (URN)10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.02.012 (DOI)000283410200006 ()
Available from: 2009-10-05 Created: 2009-10-05 Last updated: 2022-02-25Bibliographically approved
5. Development of a molecularly imprinted polymer based solid-phase extraction of a local anaesthetics from human plasma
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Development of a molecularly imprinted polymer based solid-phase extraction of a local anaesthetics from human plasma
Show others...
2004 In: Analytica Chimica Acta, ISSN 0003-2670, Vol. 526, no 2, p. 147-154Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-22700 (URN)
Note
Part of urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1042Available from: 2006-05-09 Created: 2006-05-09Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

fulltext(1018 kB)3233 downloads
File information
File name FULLTEXT01.pdfFile size 1018 kBChecksum MD5
ea5c830a3bb02284f9281118ca4b3dc230716bd3dfbefbd487d4b2da3893274aa0ccbdca
Type fulltextMimetype application/pdf

By organisation
Department of Analytical Chemistry
Analytical Chemistry

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
Total: 3233 downloads
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

isbn
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

isbn
urn-nbn
Total: 1868 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf