While prior studies extensively explored digital transformation in for-profit and relatively well in public organisations, the challenges non-profit organisations (NPOs) face remain under-investigated. This study attempts to bridge this gap by conducting a review of the extant literature and an exploratory case study in one NPO in Sweden. Semi-structured interviews and internal documents were used to collect data. The thematic analysis resulted in a taxonomy of barriers presented under eight categories covering internal organisational settings and external environments, grounded in recent digital transformation frameworks. The thirty-two barriers (i.e., fifteen newly identified and seventeen confirmed from prior studies) highlight the significant challenges unique to the non-profit sector. The findings provide a foundation for further research exploring the relationships between the identified barriers and digital transformation processes within the context of NPOs. Moreover, practitioners can leverage these insights to inform the formulation of effective planning and execution of their digital transformation initiatives.