Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Local and regional dynamics of Succisa pratensis
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany.
2005 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Land use change is considered to be one of the biggest threat to global species diversity. In Sweden, abandonment of grazing is one of the most common reasons for decline in species richness in semi-natural grasslands. Today semi-natural grasslands often occur as more or less isolated fragments. The result for species that benefits from grazing is a smaller area of suitable habitat and higher extinction risks and a lowered ability to colonize new areas. Succisa pratensis is a long-lived perennial plant that benefits from grazing and is common in Swedish semi-natural grasslands. I have assessed the performance of Succisa pratensis at various spatial and temporal scales, in a Swedish rural landscape. I performed demographic matrix modelling of populations at grazed and ungrazed sites. A regional level was then added, by incorporating data collected from a large number of populations and habitat types into the matrix models and extinction risks over 50 years were calculated. A dynamic metapopulation model was created and the regional dynamics, in terms of colonisations resulting from long distance dispersal and population extinctions were examined. The effects of management history were incorporated into the model by using historical maps. In addition, I made an analysis of the impact of management history on the distribution and performance of four grassland species, using vegetation maps from 1945 and 2001. Local dynamics of Succisa pratensis was negatively affected by abandonment of grazing. Recorded population sizes were ten times higher in grazed sites than in ungrazed. The turnover rate of the system was estimated to about one extinction or colonisation per year. Both the simulation study and the analyses of vegetation maps suggested a pronounced legacy of management history in Succisa pratensis in the study landscape. Overall, the results of this thesis demonstrate the importance of management history for species in the rural landscape.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Botaniska institutionen , 2005. , p. 38
Keywords [en]
plant ecology
National Category
Biological Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-762ISBN: 91-7155-159-X (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-762DiVA, id: diva2:198702
Public defence
2005-12-21, föreläsningssalen, Botanicum, Lilla Frescativägen 5, Stockholm, 13:00
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2005-11-28 Created: 2005-11-28Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. The distribution of four grassland plant species in relation to landscape history of a Swedish rural area
Open this publication in new window or tab >>The distribution of four grassland plant species in relation to landscape history of a Swedish rural area
2007 (English)In: Annales Botanici Fennici, ISSN 0003-3847, E-ISSN 1797-2442, Vol. 44, no 6, p. 416-426Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

It is commonly agreed that landscape history is important for species distributions today. Here, we studied present-day regional population distribution and performance of four grassland species, the perennials Ranunculus bulbosus and Succisa pratensis, and the monocarpic "biennials" Carlina vulgaris and Tragopogon pratensis, in a Swedish rural landscape. We analysed the management history of their population patches, using vegetation maps from 1945 and 2001. Distributions of Succisa pratensis reflected the grassland occurrences in 1945 and Tragopogon pratensis was associated with the road network 60 years ago. Performance in different habitats also suggested an impact of land use on species distributions. For Ranunculus bulbosus and Carlina vulgaris the impact of landscape history was less obvious. Our results indicate that present-day distributions of some grassland species partly may be a legacy of previous semi-natural grassland patterns in rural Sweden, an insight that has valuable implications for assessments of long-term vulnerability of grassland species.

Keywords
management history, semi-natural grasslands, time lag
National Category
Botany
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-24999 (URN)
Available from: 2005-11-28 Created: 2005-11-28 Last updated: 2022-02-25Bibliographically approved
2. Slow response to habitat change a demographic study of the grassland herb Succisa pratensis
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Slow response to habitat change a demographic study of the grassland herb Succisa pratensis
Manuscript (Other academic)
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-25000 (URN)
Note
Part of urn:nbn:se:su:diva-762Available from: 2005-11-28 Created: 2005-11-28 Last updated: 2010-01-13Bibliographically approved
3. Size, structure and performance of 110 populations of Succisa pratensis in a rural landscape linking local dynamics to regional development
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Size, structure and performance of 110 populations of Succisa pratensis in a rural landscape linking local dynamics to regional development
Manuscript (Other academic)
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-25001 (URN)
Note
Part of urn:nbn:se:su:diva-762Available from: 2005-11-28 Created: 2005-11-28 Last updated: 2010-01-13Bibliographically approved
4. Metapopulation dynamics of a perennial plant, Succisa pratensis, in an agricultural landscape
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Metapopulation dynamics of a perennial plant, Succisa pratensis, in an agricultural landscape
2006 (English)In: Ecological Modelling, ISSN 0304-3800, E-ISSN 1872-7026, Vol. 199, no 4, p. 464-475Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Most metapopulation models neglect the local dynamics, and systems characterized by slow population turnover, time lags and non-equilibrium, are only rarely examined within a metapopulation context. In this study we used a realistic, spatially explicit, dynamic metapopulation model of a long-lived grassland plant, Succisa pratensis, to examine the relative importance of local population dynamics, and short and long-distance dispersal of seeds.

Using both vegetation composition and sowing experiments we identified 94 occupied and 43 unoccupied, but suitable, habitat patches in a 7-km2 landscape. Local population dynamics were studied in permanent plots in five populations. Simulation results showed that the colonization and extinction dynamics of S. pratensis were slow with about one colonization or extinction per year and the time frame for the population system to attain equilibrium in a constant landscape was several thousands of years. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that occasional long-distance dispersal had a large influence on population turnover rates whereas regular short-distance dispersal had little effect. Our model also allowed us to assess how demographic processes affect not only local population growth but also regional dynamics. Fecundity was more important, compared with growth and survival, in a metapopulation context than when considered only within populations. The effect of landscape development was examined through different land-use scenarios and suggested that S. pratensis only very slowly colonizes new habitats that are made available. Our results with S. pratensis in an agricultural landscape show that long-distance dispersal and colonization dynamics play an important role for the regional distribution in long-lived plants but that time lags, and thus the effect of landscape history, are also very important.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier B.V., 2006
Keywords
Demography; Dynamic metapopulation models; Habitat suitability assessment; Long-distance dispersal; Non-equilibrium metapopulations; Sensitivity analysis; Time lags
National Category
Biological Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-25002 (URN)10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.11.047 (DOI)
Note
Part of urn:nbn:se:su:diva-762Available from: 2005-11-28 Created: 2005-11-28 Last updated: 2022-02-25Bibliographically approved
5. Longterm spatial dynamics of Succisa pratensis in a changing rural landscape: linking dynamical modelling with historical maps
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Longterm spatial dynamics of Succisa pratensis in a changing rural landscape: linking dynamical modelling with historical maps
Show others...
2006 (English)In: Journal of Ecology, ISSN 0022-0477, E-ISSN 1365-2745, Vol. 94, no 1, p. 131-143Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We attempt to explain the current distribution of a long-lived perennial plant, Succisa pratensis, in a rural landscape in southern Sweden by linking its population biology with documented changes in the landscape, using a dynamical, spatially explicit model incorporating population dynamics and spatial spreading of the plant. Changes in the landscape were inferred from historical maps (1850 and 1900) and aerial photographs (1945 and 2001).

 

We tested whether predictions for the current species distribution are affected by assumptions about its early 19th century distribution, to determine whether recent history and current processes are dominant, and how past landscape changes determine current distributions.

 

Initial conditions influence predictions of current distribution, suggesting that the current distribution still partly reflects the distribution of the species in the early 19th century. A period of 150 years is too short for Succisa to have spread extensively if dispersal parameters are given realistic values.

 

Simulations in which present-day land-use patterns were imposed at earlier dates showed that changes in landscape structure over the past 175 years also had a strong effect on the present-day habitat occupancy and population sizes of Succisa.

 

The dominant process for Succisanow is extinction from marginal habitats. It is therefore likely that the (relatively) high present-day occupation patterns are still due to much larger areas having been available in the past rather than to successful dispersal. Although the species has responded to landscape changes, there is little evidence of population sizes reaching equilibrium.

 

Our approach shows that the wealth of landscape information available from historical maps can be linked with data on population biology by means of dynamical models that can make predictions about species dynamics.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Wiley-Blackwell, 2006
Keywords
equilibrium; extinction debt; landscape manipulation experiments; land-use change; metapopulation dynamics; population biology; southern Sweden; transient dynamics
National Category
Ecology Environmental Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-25003 (URN)10.1111/j.1365-2745.2005.01063.x (DOI)000234028800013 ()
Note

Part of urn:nbn:se:su:diva-762

Available from: 2005-11-28 Created: 2005-11-28 Last updated: 2022-02-25Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

fulltext(1952 kB)1504 downloads
File information
File name FULLTEXT01.pdfFile size 1952 kBChecksum MD5
84c435f800dd2f7e06944042daa871705dd5c7556e88c0e6e8483da275f6e1f97b50c97f
Type fulltextMimetype application/pdf

By organisation
Department of Botany
Biological Sciences

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
Total: 1506 downloads
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

isbn
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

isbn
urn-nbn
Total: 848 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf