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Hydrogeochemistry of Fe and Mn in small boreal streams: The role of seasonality, landscape type and scale
Stockholms universitet, Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för geologi och geokemi.
Stockholms universitet, Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för geologiska vetenskaper.
Ansvarlig organisasjon
2008 (engelsk)Inngår i: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, ISSN 0016-7037, Vol. 72, nr 12, s. 2789-2804Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]

Stream water from a stream network of 15 small boreal catchments (0.03–67 km2) in northern Sweden was analyzed for unfiltered (total) and filtered (<0.4 μm) concentrations of iron (Fetot and Fe<0.4) and manganese (Mntot and Mn<0.4). The purpose was to investigate the temporal and spatial dynamics of Fe, Mn and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as influenced by snow melt driven spring floods and landscape properties, in particular the proportion of wetland area. During spring flood, concentrations of Fetot, Fe<0.4, Mntot, Mn<0.4 and DOC increased in streams with forested catchments (<2% wetland area). In catchments with high coverage of wetlands (>30% wetland area) the opposite behavior was observed. The hydrogeochemistry of Fe was highly dependent on wetlands as shown by the strong positive correlation of the Fetot/Altot ratio with wetland coverage (r2 = 0.89, p < 0.001). Furthermore, PCA analysis showed that at base flow Fetot and Fe<0.4 were positively associated with wetlands and DOC, whereas they were not associated during peak flow at spring flood. The temporal variation of Fe was likely related to varying hydrological pathways. At peak discharge Fetot was associated with variables like silt coverage, which highlights the importance of particulates during high discharge events. For Mn there was no significant correlation with wetlands, instead, PCA analysis showed that during spring flood Mn was apparently more dependent on the supply of minerogenic particulates from silt deposits on the stream banks of some of the streams. The influence of minerogenic particulates on the concentration of, in particular, Mn was greatest in the larger, lower gradient streams, characterized by silt deposits in the near-stream zone. In the small forested streams underlain by till, DOC was of greater importance for the observed concentrations, as indicated by the positive correlation of both Fetot and Fe<0.4 with DOC (r2 = 0.77 and r2 = 0.76, p < 0.001) at the smallest headwater forest site. In conclusion, wetland area and DOC were important for Fe concentrations in this boreal stream network, whereas silt deposits strongly influenced Mn concentrations. This study highlights the importance of studying stream water chemistry from a landscape perspective in order to address future environmental issues concerning mobility of Fe, Mn and associated trace metals.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
2008. Vol. 72, nr 12, s. 2789-2804
HSV kategori
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-25378DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2008.03.024ISI: 000256674800005OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-25378DiVA, id: diva2:199625
Merknad
Part of urn:nbn:se:su:diva-8130Tilgjengelig fra: 2008-08-27 Laget: 2008-08-27 Sist oppdatert: 2022-02-25bibliografisk kontrollert
Inngår i avhandling
1. Landscape hydrogeochemistry of Fe, Mn, S and trace elements (As, Co, Pb) in a boreal stream network
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Landscape hydrogeochemistry of Fe, Mn, S and trace elements (As, Co, Pb) in a boreal stream network
2008 (engelsk)Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
Abstract [en]

The transport of elements by streams from headwater regions to the sea is influenced by landscape characteristics. This thesis focuses on the influence of landscape characteristics (e.g. proportion of wetland/forest coverage) on temporal and spatial variations of Fe, Mn, S and trace elements (As, Co, Pb) in streams located in northern Sweden, a boreal region characterized by coniferous forests and peat wetlands.

Water samples from a network of 15 streams revealed a different hydrogeochemistry in forested catchments compared to wetland catchments. The temporal variation was dominated by spring flood, when concentrations of Fe, Mn and trace elements increased in forested headwaters. However, in streams of wetland catchments concentrations decreased, but Pb concentrations were higher in comparison to other streams. Both Fe and Pb showed positive correlations with wetland area, while Co correlated with forest coverage. The anthropogenic contribution of As and Pb appear to be larger than the supply from natural sources.

During spring flood SO42- decreased in most streams, although concentrations increased in streams of wetland catchments. Concentrations of SO42- were higher in streams of forested catchments than in wetland dominated streams, the former being net exporters of S and the latter net accumulators. Isotope values of stream water SO42-34SSO4) were close to that of precipitation during spring flood, indicating that the major source of S is from deposition. The results show that, although emissions of anthropogenic S have been reduced, there is still a strong influence of past and current S deposition on runoff in this region.

In conclusion, wetlands are key areas for the hydrogeochemistry in this boreal landscape. The findings emphasize the importance of understanding stream water chemistry and element cycling from a landscape perspective. This may be important for predicting how boreal regions respond to environmental disturbances such as climate change.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Stockholm: Institutionen för geologi och geokemi, 2008. s. 30
Serie
Meddelanden från Stockholms universitets institution för geologi och geokemi, ISSN 1101-1599 ; 332
Emneord
landscape hydrogeochemistry, boreal streams, spring flood, Fe, Mn, S, As, Co, Pb, sulphur isotopes, sulphate, organic S, DOC, spatial variability, temporal variability, wetlands
HSV kategori
Forskningsprogram
geokemi
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-8130 (URN)978-91-7155-694-3 (ISBN)
Disputas
2008-09-12, William-Olssonsalen, Geovetenskapens hus, Svante Arrhenius väg 8 A, Stockholm, 13:00
Opponent
Veileder
Tilgjengelig fra: 2008-08-27 Laget: 2008-08-27 Sist oppdatert: 2017-12-01bibliografisk kontrollert

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