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Diatom oxygen isotopes in pro-galcial lake sediments from northern Sweden: A 5000 year record of atmospheric circulation.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology.
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2004 (English)In: Quaternary Science Reviews, ISSN 0277-3791, E-ISSN 1873-457X, Vol. 23, no 7-8, p. 851-859Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We use a pro-glacial oxygen isotope record of diatom silica (δ18Odiatom) and a sedimentary proxy for glacier flutuations to determine centennial-millennial scale climate change during the last 5000 yeras in northern Sweden. We show that the lake water isotopic composition åredominantly reflects the isotopic composition of the precipitation. Superimposed on a general depletion trend of 3.5‰ over the past 5000 years we found that the isotopic composition of precipitation became depleted (> 1‰ excursions) during four occasions centered at 4400, 3000, 2000 and, after 1200 cal yr BP. Climate simultaneously sustained a positive glacier mass balance, taht caused the catchment glacier to advance. A peristan cgange in the atmopheric circulation pattern could potentially have caused the registered chnages in the δ18Odiatom because different air masses hold characteristics δ18O signatures of their precipitation. The glacier mass balance primarily responds to the influence of summer temperature on ablation. We suggest that the most likely cause for the recorded chnages in both these proxies is a steadily increasing but fluctuating dominance of colder and δ18O depleted air masses from the north/northeast during the past 5000 years. Theδ18Odiatom depletion and glacier events all occur at times of relative ice-rafted-debris maxima in the North Atlanic, consistent with cold conditions and changes in surface wind directions. Our results confirm that changes towards a predominace of north/northeasterly winds occured at these time intervals.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2004. Vol. 23, no 7-8, p. 851-859
Keywords [en]
pro-glacial, lake sediment, diatom silica, oxygen isotopes
National Category
Physical Geography
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-29432DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.06.009OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-29432DiVA, id: diva2:233038
Available from: 2009-08-27 Created: 2009-08-27 Last updated: 2022-02-25Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Holocene climate and atmospheric circulation changes in northern Fennoscandia: Interpretations from lacustrine oxygen isotope records
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Holocene climate and atmospheric circulation changes in northern Fennoscandia: Interpretations from lacustrine oxygen isotope records
2009 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis investigates how variations in the oxygen isotopic composition of lake waters in northern Fennoscandia are recorded in lake sediment archives, especially diatoms, and how these variations can be used to infer past changes in climate and atmospheric circulation. Results from analyses of the oxygen isotopic composition of lake water samples (δ18Olakew) collected between 2001 and 2006 show that δ18O of northern Fennoscandian lakes is mainly controlled by the isotopic composition of the precipitation (δ18Op). Changes in local δ18Op depend on variations in ambient air temperature and changes in atmospheric circulation that lead to changes in moisture source, vapour transport efficiency, or winter to summer precipitation distribution. This study demonstrates that the amount of isotopic variation in lake water δ18O is determined by a combination of the original δ18Olakew, the amount and timing of the snowmelt, the amount of seasonally specific precipitation and groundwater, any evaporation effects, and lake water residence time. The fact that the same isotope shifts have been detected in various δ18Olakew proxies, derived from hydrologically different lakes, suggests that these records reflect regional atmospheric circulation changes. The results indicate that diatom biogenic silica isotope (δ18Odiatom) records can provide important information about changes in atmospheric circulation that can help explain temperature and precipitation changes during the Holocene. The reconstructed long-term Holocene decreasing δ18Op trend was likely forced by a shift from strong zonal westerly airflow (relatively high δ18Op) in the early Holocene to a more meridional flow pattern (relatively low δ18Op). The large δ18Olakew depletion recorded in the δ18O records around ca. 500 cal yr BP (AD 1450) may be due to a shift to more intense meridional airflow over northern Fennoscandia resulting in an increasing proportion of winter precipitation from the north or southeast. This climate shift probably marks the onset of the so-called Little Ice Age in this region.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, 2009. p. 30
Series
Dissertations from the Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, ISSN 1653-7211 ; 18
Keywords
oxygen isotope, diatom silica, lake sediment, atmospheric circulation, North Atlantic Oscillation, northern Fennoscandia, The Holocene, Little Ice Age
National Category
Physical Geography
Research subject
Physical Geography
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-29343 (URN)978-91-7155-904-3 (ISBN)
Public defence
2009-10-02, De Geersalen, Geovetenskapens hus, Svante Arrhenius väg 14, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
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Note
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: In press. Paper 2: Submitted. Paper 5: In progress.Available from: 2009-09-10 Created: 2009-08-24 Last updated: 2022-02-25Bibliographically approved

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