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Adoption in Loanword Phonology: Looking Beyond Linguistic Competence
Stockholm University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Swedish Language and Multilingualism, Centre for Research on Bilingualism.
(English)Article in journal (Refereed) Submitted
Abstract [en]

This paper investigates how linguistic competence and sociolinguistic incentive contribute to the preference for adopting illicit onset clusters in established loanwords in Turkish. The participants are English-Turkish bilinguals in Turkey and Swedish-Turkish bilinguals in Sweden. Competence is measured through second-language pronunciation and incentive is operationalised through second-language dominance and degree of Turkish use. The data comprise French and English loanwords that are embedded in an oral fill-in-the-blanks test and that have phonetically similar counterparts in English and Swedish. The results show that the bilinguals in Sweden have significantly higher cluster adoption rates than the bilinguals in Turkey due to an overlap of high competence and high incentive in the Swedish context where Turkish is a minority language. Statistical analyses show that incentive has greater impact than competence in this sample.

Keywords [en]
loanword phonology, onset clusters, contact-induced change, bilingualism, second-language acquisition, language dominance, Turkish
National Category
Specific Languages
Research subject
Bilingualism
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-112795OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-112795DiVA, id: diva2:781097
Available from: 2015-01-15 Created: 2015-01-15 Last updated: 2022-02-23Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Phonological Adoption through Bilingual Borrowing: Comparing Elite Bilinguals and Heritage Bilinguals
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Phonological Adoption through Bilingual Borrowing: Comparing Elite Bilinguals and Heritage Bilinguals
2015 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

In the phonological integration of loanwords, the original structures of the donor language can either be adopted as innovations or adapted to the recipient language. This dissertation investigates how structural (i.e. phonetic, phonological, morpho-phonological) and non-structural (i.e. sociolinguistic and psycholinguistic) factors interact in determining which of these two integration strategies is preferred. Factors that affect the accuracy of the structure’s perception and production in the donor language as a result of its acquisition as a second language are given special consideration. The three studies in the dissertation examine how the same phonological structure from different donor languages is integrated into the same recipient language Turkish by two different types of initial borrowers: elite bilinguals in Turkey and heritage bilinguals in Sweden. The three investigated structures are word-final [l] after back vowels, long segments in word-final closed syllables, and word-initial onset clusters. The main hypothesis is that adoption will be more prevalent in heritage bilinguals than in elite bilinguals. Four necessary conditions for adoption are identified in the analysis. Firstly, the donor-language structure must have high perceptual salience. Secondly, the borrowers must have acquired the linguistic competence to produce a structure accurately. Thirdly, the borrowers must have sufficient sociolinguistic incentive to adopt a structure as an innovation. Fourthly, prosodic structures require higher incentive to be adopted than segments and clusters of segments. The main hypothesis is partially confirmed. The counterexamples involve either cases where the salience of the structure was high in the elite bilinguals’ borrowing but low in the heritage bilinguals’ borrowing, or cases where the structure’s degree of acquisition difficulty was low. Therefore, it is concluded that structural factors have the final say in the choice of integration strategy.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Department of Swedish Language and Multilingualism, Stockholm University, 2015. p. 130
Series
Dissertations in Bilingualism, ISSN 1400-5921 ; 24
Keywords
loanword phonology, language contact, bilingualism, second-language acquisition, perceptual salience, language dominance, linguistic variation, sociolinguistics, Turkish
National Category
General Language Studies and Linguistics
Research subject
Bilingualism
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-112792 (URN)978-91-7649-080-8 (ISBN)
Public defence
2015-02-20, William-Olssonsalen, Geovetenskapens hus, Svante Arrhenius väg 14, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Submitted. 

Available from: 2015-01-29 Created: 2015-01-15 Last updated: 2022-02-23Bibliographically approved

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