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Primary weathering rates, water transit times, and concentration-discharge relations: A theoretical analysis for the critical zone
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physical Geography.
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Number of Authors: 62017 (English)In: Water resources research, ISSN 0043-1397, E-ISSN 1944-7973, Vol. 53, no 1, p. 942-960Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The permeability architecture of the critical zone exerts a major influence on the hydrogeochemistry of the critical zone. Water flow path dynamics drive the spatiotemporal pattern of geochemical evolution and resulting streamflow concentration-discharge (C-Q) relation, but these flow paths are complex and difficult to map quantitatively. Here we couple a new integrated flow and particle tracking transport model with a general reversible Transition State Theory style dissolution rate law to explore theoretically how C-Q relations and concentration in the critical zone respond to decline in saturated hydraulic conductivity (K-s) with soil depth. We do this for a range of flow rates and mineral reaction kinetics. Our results show that for minerals with a high ratio of equilibrium concentration ( Ceq) to intrinsic weathering rate ( Rmax), vertical heterogeneity in K-s enhances the gradient of weathering-derived solute concentration in the critical zone and strengthens the inverse stream C-Q relation. As <mml:mfrac>CeqRmax</mml:mfrac> decreases, the spatial distribution of concentration in the critical zone becomes more uniform for a wide range of flow rates, and stream C-Q relation approaches chemostatic behavior, regardless of the degree of vertical heterogeneity in K-s. These findings suggest that the transport-controlled mechanisms in the hillslope can lead to chemostatic C-Q relations in the stream while the hillslope surface reaction-controlled mechanisms are associated with an inverse stream C-Q relation. In addition, as <mml:mfrac>CeqRmax</mml:mfrac> decreases, the concentration in the critical zone and stream become less dependent on groundwater age (or transit time).

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2017. Vol. 53, no 1, p. 942-960
Keywords [en]
chemical weathering, conductivity profile, stream C-Q relation, saturated-unsaturated flow and transport, transit time
National Category
Earth and Related Environmental Sciences Biological Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-141283DOI: 10.1002/2016WR019448ISI: 000394911200055OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-141283DiVA, id: diva2:1086892
Available from: 2017-04-04 Created: 2017-04-04 Last updated: 2025-01-31Bibliographically approved

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Erlandsson, Martin

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