Alcohols are among the most abundant and readily available organic feedstocks in industrial processes. The direct catalytic functionalization of sp(3) C-O bonds of alcohols remains the main challenge in this field. Here, we report a copper-catalyzed synthesis of benzyl-, allyl-, and allenylboronates from benzylic, allylic, and propargylic alcohols, respectively. This protocol exhibits a broad reaction scope (40 examples) and high efficiency (up to 95% yield) under mild conditions, including for the preparation of secondary allylic boronates. Preliminarily mechanistic studies suggest that nucleophilic substitution is involved in this reaction.