Objective: A number of studies have investigated early life determinants of alcohol consumption in adolescence. In this study, we will investigate early life predictors of high alcohol consumption in middle age. Methods: Data on early life predictors, e.g. alcohol consumption and smoking, was collected from 49,321 Swedish men born 1949-1951 at conscription for military service in 1969/70. Follow-up data on alcohol consumption in the same men was collected from a random sample participating in one of the Swedish Survey of Living Condition in 1988/89, 1996/97 or 2004/05 (N=146), i.e. at age 37 or later. Odds Ratios (ORs) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were estimated in logistic regression analysis for the association between factors measured in late adolescence and high alcohol consumption middle-age. Results: The proportion of high consumers of alcohol increased from late adolescence to middle age. Smoking (OR 2.9, CI95% 1.3-6.2) and low education (OR 2.0, CI95% 1.0-4.0) measured at the conscription examination in late adolescence were associated with high alcohol consumption in middle age. A few other factors measured at the conscription examination, e.g. high alcohol consumption (OR 1.8, CI95% 0.7-4.4), showed elevated ORs but the associations were not significantly increased. Conclusion: Smoking and low education measured in late adolescence were associated with high alcohol consumption in middle age.