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Revisiting remote drivers of the 2014 drought in South-Eastern Brazil
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Meteorology .
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Number of Authors: 62020 (English)In: Climate Dynamics, ISSN 0930-7575, E-ISSN 1432-0894, Vol. 55, p. 3197-3211Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

South-Eastern Brazil experienced a devastating drought associated with significant agricultural losses in austral summer 2014. The drought was linked to the development of a quasi-stationary anticyclone in the South Atlantic in early 2014 that affected local precipitation patterns over South-East Brazil. Previous studies have suggested that the unusual blocking was triggered by tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies and, more recently, by convection over the Indian Ocean related to the Madden-Julian Oscillation. Further investigation of the proposed teleconnections appears crucial for anticipating future economic impacts. In this study, we use numerical experiments with an idealized atmospheric general circulation model forced with the observed 2013/2014 SST anomalies in different ocean basins to understand the dominant mechanism that initiated the 2014 South Atlantic anticyclonic anomaly. We show that a forcing with global 2013/2014 SST anomalies enhances the chance for the occurrence of positive geopotential height anomalies in the South Atlantic. However, further sensitivity experiments with SST forcings in separate ocean basins suggest that neither the Indian Ocean nor tropical Pacific SST anomalies alone have contributed significantly to the anomalous atmospheric circulation that led to the 2014 South-East Brazil drought. The model study rather points to an important role of remote forcing from the South Pacific, local South Atlantic SSTs, and internal atmospheric variability in driving the persistent blocking over the South Atlantic.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2020. Vol. 55, p. 3197-3211
Keywords [en]
Brazil 2014 drought, Teleconnection, ENSO, Blocking, MJO
National Category
Earth and Related Environmental Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-186443DOI: 10.1007/s00382-020-05442-9ISI: 000565860000001OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-186443DiVA, id: diva2:1485471
Available from: 2020-11-02 Created: 2020-11-02 Last updated: 2025-02-07Bibliographically approved

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Finke, KathrinDomeisen, Daniela I.

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