The causes of youth crime, its levels and trends are important for social policy. The debate in Europe often present descriptions of constantly rising youth crime and demands that society should be tougher on juvenile delinquents. This chapter addresses a number of issues that should be regarded as central to all those who are interested in the life conditions of young people; how has the nature of youth crime changed? Why do some groups of young people commit more offences than others? How does a welfare society deal with juveniles who engage in offending? Sweden has more high-quality data sources than most other countries, which makes it a valuable case for discussing youth crime on the basis of different indicators. The analysis on crime statistics, questionnaire surveys and medical data does not support the view that youth crime is on the rise on the contrary. Interestingly, the declines are most marked among boys and young men. This also has a clear impact on the narrowing of the gender gap in crime.