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Porotic hyperostosis, cribra orbitalia, femoralis and humeralis in Medieval NW Spain
Stockholm University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Archaeological Research Laboratory. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain; University of Granada, Spain.
Number of Authors: 22021 (English)In: Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, ISSN 1866-9557, E-ISSN 1866-9565, Vol. 13, no 10, article id 169Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis are amongst of the most commonly palaeopathological features recorded in archaeological individuals and are useful to test the general health status in ancient human population, particularly in non-adults (infants, children and adolescents). Despite of the relatively large amount of debate papers about this topic, their aetiology is still under debate and their recording is not standardised. In contrast, postcranial cribrae (femoralis and humeralis) are infrequently addressed. This paper aims to analyse cranial and postcranial porotic lesions, and their relationship with living conditions and dietary patterns, in all available Medieval collections from NW Spain (Pontevedra necropoleis, Adro Vello and Capela do Pilar). Presence/absence, severity, healing grade and co-occurrence of lesions were recorded, and a new photographic scale to determine the severity and healing degrees in postcranial cribrae is advocated as well. Cribra orbitalia (78%) and cribra femoralis (70%) are the most frequent lesions, with porotic hyperostosis (42%) and cribra humeralis less common (38%). Adults display higher grades of severity in cribra orbitalia than non-adults. A healing age pattern was documented in all lesions. No obvious trend/pattern with δ13C and δ15N—used as proxies for diet—was observed. High rates of porotic lesions in NW Spain have been attributed to interactions between several phenomena, as a multifactorial response to a possible dietary influence from high consumption of marine resources and/or infection by fish parasites. Our results highlight the importance of registering postcranial porotic lesions and healing degrees along with diet. In addition, photographic scales are useful to guide and standardise the recording process.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2021. Vol. 13, no 10, article id 169
Keywords [en]
Non-adults, Medieval, Stress markers, Porotic lesions, Healing
National Category
History and Archaeology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-198524DOI: 10.1007/s12520-021-01432-yISI: 000700217800002OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-198524DiVA, id: diva2:1610294
Available from: 2021-11-10 Created: 2021-11-10 Last updated: 2022-02-25Bibliographically approved

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López-Costas, Olalla

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