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The role of visual and olfactory floral cues in twilight foraging by Ptiloglossa and Xylocopa bees
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Functional Morphology. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Number of Authors: 52024 (English)In: Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, ISSN 0340-5443, E-ISSN 1432-0762, Vol. 78, no 2, article id 25Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Bees of Ptiloglossa and Xylocopa explore the chiropterophilous flowers of Pseudobombax longiflorum at twilight, but how the bees find the flowers in low light is unclear. In field experiments, we investigated if visual and olfactory floral cues are used by these bees to find P. longiflorum flowers, and which behaviors are triggered by these cues. While the crepuscular Ptiloglossa bees were more attracted to flowers with a combination of visual and olfactory cues than to isolated cues, the diurnal Xylocopa bees were equally attracted to the combination of visual and olfactory cues and to flowers with visual cues alone. Ptiloglossa bees visit the flowers under lower light intensity than Xylocopa bees. This indicates that the synergy between visual-olfactory cues facilitates flower detection in crepuscular bees. However, in higher light intensities, the large size of flowers with their broad spectrum reflectance may be enough to produce a reliable visual signal for the Xylocopa bees. Olfactory stimuli alone trigger only floral approaches in bees, while visual ones frequently trigger approaches followed by landings on flowers. This suggests that olfactory cues guide the bees to the flowers in twilight, but the presence of a visual cue is necessary to trigger landings and collection of floral resources.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2024. Vol. 78, no 2, article id 25
Keywords [en]
Crepuscular bees, Nocturnal bees, Carpenter bees, Floral scent, Visual stimuli, Floral cues
National Category
Neurosciences
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URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-226951DOI: 10.1007/s00265-024-03441-yISI: 001160690700001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85185126919OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-226951DiVA, id: diva2:1841655
Available from: 2024-02-29 Created: 2024-02-29 Last updated: 2024-11-14Bibliographically approved

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Araujo, Priscila

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