Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the choice reforms in healthcare in Stockholm county in 2008 and 2013 changed the sociodemographic user patterns of outpatient healthcare services for children.

Methods: The study used regional data on healthcare use linked to sociodemographic data from national registers in the total population of children 0–15 years in the Stockholm county. Change in use of healthcare services was analysed in multiple linear regression in a difference in differences approach of socio-economic indicators.

Results: The choice reform of 2013 increased children's overall use of specialised care by around 30% until 2017 while primary care use decreased by the same degree. The mean number of physician visits in specialised care for children with severe asthma increased from 3.9 to 5.2 per year. Overall, children in families with low maternal education, low disposable income and a non-Western background increased their use of specialised care more than children from families with a more privileged socio-economic situation.

Conclusion: There was no indication that the choice reform in Stockholm county increased the social disparities in use of primary and specialised outpatient care for children, rather the opposite.