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Anomalous Thermodynamics at the Microscale
Stockholm University, Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics (Nordita).
2012 (English)In: Physical Review Letters, ISSN 0031-9007, E-ISSN 1079-7114, Vol. 109, no 26, p. 260603-Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Particle motion at the microscale is an incessant tug-of-war between thermal fluctuations and applied forces on one side and the strong resistance exerted by fluid viscosity on the other. Friction is so strong that completely neglecting inertia-the overdamped approximation-gives an excellent effective description of the actual particle mechanics. In sharp contrast to this result, here we show that the overdamped approximation dramatically fails when thermodynamic quantities such as the entropy production in the environment are considered, in the presence of temperature gradients. In the limit of vanishingly small, yet finite, inertia, we find that the entropy production is dominated by a contribution that is anomalous, i.e., has no counterpart in the overdamped approximation. This phenomenon, which we call an entropic anomaly, is due to a symmetry breaking that occurs when moving to the small, finite inertia limit. Anomalous entropy production is traced back to futile phase-space cyclic trajectories displaying a fast downgradient sweep followed by a slow upgradient return to the original position. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.260603

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2012. Vol. 109, no 26, p. 260603-
National Category
Production Engineering, Human Work Science and Ergonomics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-87664DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.260603ISI: 000312932800002OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-87664DiVA, id: diva2:606195
Note

AuthorCount:4;

Available from: 2013-02-18 Created: 2013-02-14 Last updated: 2024-01-17Bibliographically approved

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Eichhorn, Ralf

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