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• 1.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Asymptotic distribution of zeros of a certain class of hypergeometric polynomials2014Licentiate thesis, monograph (Other academic)

The thesis consists of two papers, both treating hypergeometric polynomials, and a short introduction. The main results are as follows.In the first paper,we study the asymptotic zero distribution of a family of hypergeometric polynomials in one complex variable as their degree goes to infinity,using the associated differential equations that hypergeometric polynomials satisfy.   We describe in particular the curve complex on which the zeros cluster, as level curves associated to integrals on an algebraic curve derived from the equation.   The new result is first of all that we are able to formulate results on the location of zeros of generalized hypergeometric polynomials in greater generality than before (earlier results are mainly concerned with the Gauss hypergeometric case.) Secondly, we are able to formulate a precise conjucture giving the asymptotic behaviour of zeros in the generalized case of our polynomials, which covers previous results.In the second paper we partly prove one of the  conjectures in the first paper by using Euler integral representation of the Gauss hypergeometric functions together with the Saddle point method.

• 2.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics. Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Asymptotic Distribution of Zeros of a Certain Class of Hypergeometric Polynomialsd2016In: Computational methods in Function Theory, ISSN 1617-9447, E-ISSN 2195-3724, Vol. 16, no 2, p. 167-185Article in journal (Refereed)

We study the asymptotic behavior of the zeros of a family of a certain class of hypergeometric polynomials [GRAPHICS] , using the associated hypergeometric differential equation, as the parameters go to infinity. The curve configuration on which the zeros cluster is characterized as level curves associated with integrals on an algebraic curve. The algebraic curve is the hypergeometrc differential equation, using a similar approach to the method used in Borcea et al. (Publ Res Inst Math Sci 45(2):525-568, 2009). In a specific degenerate case, we make a conjecture that generalizes work in Boggs and Duren (Comput Methods Funct Theory 1(1):275-287, 2001), Driver and Duren (Algorithms 21(1-4):147-156, 1999), and Duren and Guillou (J Approx Theory 111(2):329-343, 2001), and present experimental evidence to substantiate it.

• 3.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics. Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
ZEROS OF A CERTAIN CLASS OF GAUSS HYPERGEOMETRIC POLYNOMIALS2018In: Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal, ISSN 0011-4642, E-ISSN 1572-9141, Vol. 68, no 4, p. 1021-1031Article in journal (Refereed)

We prove that as n -> infinity, the zeros of the polynomial F-2(1) 9-n, (an + 2) (an + 1) ; z] cluster on (a part of) a level curve of an explicit harmonic function. This generalizes previous results of Boggs, Driver, Duren et al. (1999-2001) to the case of a complex parameter alpha and partially proves a conjecture made by the authors in an earlier work.

• 4.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics and Science Education.
Nyanlända elevers svårigheter i algebra: En studie om nyanlända elevers uppfattningar om undervisning i algebra samt textuppgifter inom algebra i introduktionsprogram2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilka matematiska och språkliga svårigheter nyanlända gymnasieelever har när de arbetar med algebra, både deras uppfattningar om undervisning i algebra och hur de löser textuppgifter inom algebra. Samtliga elever i studien är nyanlända och går ett introduktionsprogram och de har ett annat modersmål än svenska.

Flera studier visar på att elever som har ett annat modersmålspråk än svenska har svårare att klara matematik i skolan och därmed presterar sämre i matematikundervisningen än andra elever som har svenska som modersmål (Malmer, 2002). I denna studie undersöks vad detta beror på och hur undervisningen kan anpassas för att bättre gynna den berörda elevgruppen.

För att besvara frågeställningarna gjordes elevintervjuer med åtta elever samt ett test i algebra med eleverna som deltog i intervjuerna. Resultaten i denna studie visar på att eleverna hade språkliga svårigheter som påverkade deras problemlösningsförmåga i algebra. En orsak till detta är språkliga svårigheter och detta kan delvis bero på bristfälliga svenskkunskaper som leder till svårigheter att förstå textuppgifter och svårigheter att uttrycka sig när man kommunicerar inom matematik.

• 5.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Decomposition of D-modules over a hyperplane arrangement in the plane2010In: Arkiv för matematik, ISSN 0004-2080, E-ISSN 1871-2487, Vol. 48, no 2, p. 211-229Article in journal (Refereed)

Let alpha(1), alpha(2),..., alpha(m) be linear forms defined on C-n and X = C-n\boolean OR(m)(i=1) V(alpha(i)), where V(alpha(i))={p is an element of C-n : alpha(i)(p)=0}. The coordinate ring O-X of X is a holonomic A(n)-module, where A(n) is the nth Weyl algebra and since holonomic A(n)-modules have finite length, O-X has finite length. We consider a "" twisted"" variant of this An- module which is also holonomic. Define M-alpha(beta) to be the free rank-1 C[x](alpha)-module on the generator alpha(beta) (thought of as a multivalued function), where alpha(beta)=alpha(beta 1)(1),..., alpha(beta m)(m) and the multi-index beta=(beta(1),...,beta(m))is an element of C-m. Our main result is the computation of the number of decomposition factors of M-alpha(beta) and their description when n-2.

• 6.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics. Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Decomposition factors of D-modules on hyperplane configurations in general position2012In: Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, ISSN 0002-9939, E-ISSN 1088-6826, Vol. 140, no 8, p. 2699-2711Article in journal (Refereed)

Let alpha(1), ... , alpha(m) be linear functions on C-n and X = C-n \ V(alpha), where alpha = Pi(m)(i=1) alpha(i) and V(alpha) = {p is an element of C-n : alpha(p) = 0}. The coordinate ring O-X = C[x](alpha) of X is a holonomic A(n)-module, where A(n) is the n-th Weyl algebra, and since holonomic A(n)-modules have finite length, O-X has finite length. We consider a twisted variant of this A(n)-module which is also holonomic. Define M-alpha(beta) to be the free rank 1 C[x](alpha)-module on the generator alpha(beta) (thought of as a multivalued function), where alpha(beta) = alpha(beta 1)(1) ... alpha(beta m)(m) and the multi-index beta = (beta(1), ... , beta(m)) is an element of C-m. It is straightforward to describe the decomposition factors of M-alpha(beta), when the linear functions alpha(1), ... , alpha(m) define a normal crossing hyperplane configuration, and we use this to give a sufficient criterion on beta for the irreducibility of M-alpha(beta), in terms of numerical data for a resolution of the singularities of V(alpha).

• 7. Abtahi, Yasmine
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics and Science Education.
Otherness in mathematics education2018In: Proceedings of the 42nd Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education / [ed] E. Bergqvist, M. Österholm, C. Granberg, L. Sumpter, Umeå, Sweden: PME , 2018, Vol. 1, p. 95-124Conference paper (Refereed)
• 8. Aceto, Luca
Stockholm University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Philosophy. University of Johannesburg, South Africa.
A complete classification of the expressiveness of interval logics of Allen’s relations: the general and the dense cases2016In: Acta Informatica, ISSN 0001-5903, E-ISSN 1432-0525, Vol. 53, no 3, p. 207-246Article in journal (Refereed)

Interval temporal logics take time intervals, instead of time points, as their primitive temporal entities. One of the most studied interval temporal logics is Halpern and Shoham’s modal logic of time intervals HS, which associates a modal operator with each binary relation between intervals over a linear order (the so-called Allen’s interval relations). In this paper, we compare and classify the expressiveness of all fragments of HS on the class of all linear orders and on the subclass of all dense linear orders. For each of these classes, we identify a complete set of definabilities between HS modalities, valid in that class, thus obtaining a complete classification of the family of all 4096 fragments of HS with respect to their expressiveness. We show that on the class of all linear orders there are exactly 1347 expressively different fragments of HS, while on the class of dense linear orders there are exactly 966 such expressively different fragments.

• 9. Ackermann, Nils
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
A concentration phenomenon for semilinear elliptic equations2013In: Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis, ISSN 0003-9527, E-ISSN 1432-0673, Vol. 207, no 3, p. 1075-1089Article in journal (Refereed)

For a domain $\Omega\subset\dR^N$ we consider the equation $-\Delta u + V(x)u = Q_n(x)\abs{u}^{p-2}u$ with zero Dirichlet boundary conditions and $p\in(2,2^*)$. Here $V\ge 0$ and $Q_n$ are bounded functions that are positive in a region contained in $\Omega$ and negative outside, and such that the sets $\{Q_n>0\}$ shrink to a point $x_0\in\Omega$ as $n\to\infty$. We show that if $u_n$ is a nontrivial solution corresponding to $Q_n$, then the sequence $(u_n)$ concentrates at $x_0$ with respect to the $H^1$ and certain $L^q$-norms. We also show that if the sets $\{Q_n>0\}$ shrink to two points and $u_n$ are ground state solutions, then they concentrate at one of these points.

Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
CUTTING DOWN TREES WITH A MARKOV CHAINSAW2014In: The Annals of Applied Probability, ISSN 1050-5164, E-ISSN 2168-8737, Vol. 24, no 6, p. 2297-2339Article in journal (Refereed)

We provide simplified proofs for the asymptotic distribution of the number of cuts required to cut down a Galton-Watson tree with critical, finite-variance offspring distribution, conditioned to have total progeny n. Our proof is based on a coupling which yields a precise, nonasymptotic distributional result for the case of uniformly random rooted labeled trees (or, equivalently, Poisson Galton-Watson trees conditioned on their size). Our approach also provides a new, random reversible transformation between Brownian excursion and Brownian bridge.

Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Statistics.
Empirical properties of closed- and open-economy DSGE models of the Euro area2008In: Macroeconomic dynamics (Print), ISSN 1365-1005, E-ISSN 1469-8056, Vol. 12, p. 2-19Article in journal (Refereed)

In this paper, we compare the empirical proper-ties of closed- and open-economy DSGE models estimated on Euro area data. The comparison is made along several dimensions; we examine the models in terms of their marginal likelihoods, forecasting performance, variance decompositions, and their transmission mechanisms of monetary policy.

Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Statistics.
Forecasting performance of an open economy DSGE model2007In: Econometric Reviews, ISSN 0747-4938, E-ISSN 1532-4168, Vol. 26, no 04-feb, p. 289-328Article in journal (Refereed)

This paper analyzes the forecasting performance of an open economy dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model, estimated with Bayesian methods, for the Euro area during 1994Q1-2002Q4. We compare the DSGE model and a few variants of this model to various reduced form forecasting models such as vector autoregressions (VARs) and vector error correction models (VECM), estimated both by maximum likelihood and, two different Bayesian approaches, and traditional benchmark models, e.g., the random. walk. The accuracy of point forecasts, interval forecasts and the predictive distribution as a whole are assessed in, an out-of-sample rolling event evaluation using several univariate and multivariate measures. The results show that the open economy DSGE model compares well with more empirical models and thus that the tension between, rigor and fit in older generations of DSGE models is no longer present. We also critically examine the role of Bayesian model probabilities and other frequently used low-dimensional summaries, e.g., the log determinant statistic, as measures of overall forecasting performance.

• 13.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Hardy and spectral inequalities for a class of partial differential operators2014Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)

This thesis is devoted to the study of Hardy and spectral inequalities for the Heisenberg and the Grushin operators. It consists of five chapters. In chapter 1 we present basic notions and summarize the main results of the thesis. In chapters 2-4 we deal with different types of Hardy inequalities for Laplace and Grushin operators with magnetic and non-magnetic fields. It was shown in an article by Laptev and Weidl that for some magnetic forms in two dimensions, the Hardy inequality holds in its classical form. More precisely, by considering the Aharonov-Bohm magnetic potential, we can improve the constant in the respective Hardy inequality. In chapter 2 we establish an Lp - Hardy inequality related to Laplacians with magnetic fields with Aharonov-Bohm vector potentials. In chapter 3 we introduce a suitable notion of a vector field for the Grushin sub-elliptic operator G and obtain an improvement of the Hardy inequality, which was previously obtained in the paper of N. Garofallo and E. Lanconelli. In chapter 4 we find an Lp version of the Hardy inequality obtained in chapter 2. Finally in chapter 5 we aim to find the CLR and Lieb-Thirringbninequalities for harmonic Grushin-type operators. As the Grushin operator is non-elliptic, these inequalities will not take their classical form.

• 14.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Hardy inequalities for a magnetic Grushin operator with Aharonov-Bohm type magnetic field2012In: St. Petersburg Mathematical Journal, ISSN 1061-0022, E-ISSN 1547-7371, Vol. 23, no 2, p. 203-208Article in journal (Refereed)

A version of the Aharonov-Bohm magnetic field for a Grushin subelliptic operator is introduced; then its quadratic form is shown to satisfy an improved Hardy inequality.

• 15. Agbor, Dieudonné
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
On the Modulus of Continuity of Mappings Between Euclidean Spaces2013In: Mathematica Scandinavica, ISSN 0025-5521, E-ISSN 1903-1807, Vol. 112, no 1, p. 147-160Article in journal (Refereed)

Let f be a function from R-P to R-q and let Lambda be a finite set of pairs (theta, eta) is an element of R-P x R-q. Assume that the real-valued function (eta, f(x)) is Lipschitz continuous in the direction theta for every (theta, eta) is an element of Lambda. Necessary and sufficient conditions on Lambda are given for this assumption to imply each of the following: (1) that f is Lipschitz continuous, and (2) that f is continuous with modulus of continuity <= C epsilon vertical bar log epsilon vertical bar.

• 16. Agmon, Shmuel
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Persistence of embedded eigenvalues2011In: Journal of Functional Analysis, ISSN 0022-1236, E-ISSN 1096-0783, Vol. 261, no 2, p. 451-477Article in journal (Refereed)

We consider conditions under. which an embedded eigenvalue of a self-adjoint operator remains embedded under small perturbations. In the case of a simple eigenvalue embedded in continuous spectrum of multiplicity m < infinity we show that in favorable situations, the set of small perturbations of a suitable Banach space which do not remove the eigenvalue form a smooth submanifold of codimension in. We also have results regarding the cases when the eigenvalue is degenerate or when the multiplicity of the continuous spectrum is infinite.

• 17.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Noise sensitivity and Voronoi percolation2018In: Electronic Journal of Probability, ISSN 1083-6489, E-ISSN 1083-6489, Vol. 23, article id 108Article in journal (Refereed)

In this paper we study noise sensitivity and threshold phenomena for Poisson Voronoi percolation on R-2. In the setting of Boolean functions, both threshold phenomena and noise sensitivity can be understood via the study of randomized algorithms. Together with a simple discretization argument, such techniques apply also to the continuum setting. Via the study of a suitable algorithm we show that box-crossing events in Voronoi percolation are noise sensitive and present a threshold phenomenon with polynomial window. We also study the effect of other kinds of perturbations, and emphasize the fact that the techniques we use apply for a broad range of models.

• 18.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Competition in growth and urns2019In: Random structures & algorithms (Print), ISSN 1042-9832, E-ISSN 1098-2418, Vol. 54, no 2, p. 211-227Article in journal (Refereed)

We study survival among two competing types in two settings: a planar growth model related to two-neighbor bootstrap percolation, and a system of urns with graph-based interactions. In the planar growth model, uncolored sites are given a color at rate 0, 1 or infinity, depending on whether they have zero, one, or at least two neighbors of that color. In the urn scheme, each vertex of a graph G has an associated urn containing some number of either blue or red balls ( but not both). At each time step, a ball is chosen uniformly at random from all those currently present in the system, a ball of the same color is added to each neighboring urn, and balls in the same urn but of different colors annihilate on a one-for-one basis. We show that, for every connected graph G and every initial configuration, only one color survives almost surely. As a corollary, we deduce that in the two-type growth model on Z(2), one of the colors only infects a finite number of sites with probability one. We also discuss generalizations to higher dimensions and multi-type processes, and list a number of open problems and conjectures.

• 19.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Existence of an unbounded vacant set for subcritical continuum percolation2018In: Electronic Communications in Probability, ISSN 1083-589X, E-ISSN 1083-589X, Vol. 23, article id 63Article in journal (Refereed)

We consider the Poisson Boolean percolation model in R-2, where the radius of each ball is independently chosen according to some probability measure with finite second moment. For this model, we show that the two thresholds, for the existence of an unbounded occupied and an unbounded vacant component, coincide. This complements a recent study of the sharpness of the phase transition in Poisson Boolean percolation by the same authors. As a corollary it follows that for Poisson Boolean percolation in R-d, for any d >= 2, finite moment of order d is both necessary and sufficient for the existence of a nontrivial phase transition for the vacant set.

• 20. Ahlkrona, Josefin
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology.
A numerical study of scaling relations for non-Newtonian thin film flows with applications in ice sheet modelling2013In: Quarterly Journal of Mechanics and Applied Mathematics, ISSN 0033-5614, E-ISSN 1464-3855, Vol. 66, no 4, p. 417-435Article in journal (Refereed)

This article treats the viscous, non-Newtonian thin-film flow of ice sheets, governed by the Stokes equations, and the modelling of ice sheets with asymptotic expansion of the analytical solutions in terms of the aspect ratio, which is a small parameter measuring the shallowness of an ice sheet. An asymptotic expansion requires scalings of the field variables with the aspect ratio. There are several, conflicting, scalings in the literature used both for deriving simplified models and for analysis. We use numerical solutions of the Stokes equations for varying aspect ratios in order to compute scaling relations. Our numerically obtained results are compared with three known theoretical scaling relations: the classical scalings behind the Shallow Ice Approximation, the scalings originally used to derive the so-called Blatter-Pattyn equations, and a non-uniform scaling which takes into account a high viscosity boundary layer close to the ice surface. We find that the latter of these theories is the most appropriate one since there is indeed a boundary layer close to the ice surface where scaling relations are different than further down in the ice. This boundary layer is thicker than anticipated and there is no distinct border with the inner layer for aspect ratios appropriate for ice sheets. This makes direct application of solutions obtained by matched asymptotic expansion problematic.

• 21. Ahlkrona, Josefin
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physical Geography.
Dynamically coupling the non-linear Stokes equations with the shallow ice approximation in glaciology: Description and first applications of the ISCAL method2016In: Journal of Computational Physics, ISSN 0021-9991, E-ISSN 1090-2716, Vol. 308, p. 1-19Article in journal (Refereed)

We propose and implement a new method, called the Ice Sheet Coupled Approximation Levels (ISCAL) method, for simulation of ice sheet flow in large domains during long time-intervals. The method couples the full Stokes (FS) equations with the Shallow Ice Approximation (SIA). The part of the domain where SIA is applied is determined automatically and dynamically based on estimates of the modeling error. For a three dimensional model problem, ISCAL computes the solution substantially faster with a low reduction in accuracy compared to a monolithic FS. Furthermore, ISCAL is shown to be able to detect rapid dynamic changes in the flow. Three different error estimations are applied and compared. Finally, ISCAL is applied to the Greenland Ice Sheet on a quasi-uniform grid, proving ISCAL to be a potential valuable tool for the ice sheet modeling community.

• 22. Ahmed, S. Ejaz
Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Statistics.
Estimation of Several Intraclass Correlation Coefficients2015In: Communications in statistics. Simulation and computation, ISSN 0361-0918, E-ISSN 1532-4141, Vol. 44, no 9, p. 2315-2328Article in journal (Refereed)

An intraclass correlation coefficient observed in several populations is estimated. The basis is a variance-stabilizing transformation. It is shown that the intraclass correlation coefficient from any elliptical distribution should be transformed in the same way. Four estimators are compared. An estimator where the components in a vector consisting of the transformed intraclass correlation coefficients are estimated separately, an estimator based on a weighted average of these components, a pretest estimator where the equality of the components is tested and then the outcome of the test is used in the estimation procedure, and a James-Stein estimator which shrinks toward the mean.

• 23.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics and Science Education.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics and Science Education.
Hur kan elevers kunskapsutveckling i matematik förbättras: Formativ bedömning i matematikundervisning2010Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis

Syftet med examensarbetet är att fördjupa vår kunskap om och förståelse för formativ bedömning i matematik. Vidare vill vi undersöka om den formativa bedömningen kan förbättra eleverna i klassens kunskapsutveckling i matematik. Vi har gjort en fallstudie i en klass som arbetar formativt för att undersöka hur det kan se ut i praktiken. Underlaget för det samlade materialet består av observation och intervju för att besvara våra två frågeställningar som följer. Hur kan en formativ bedömning se ut i praktiken? Hur kan en koppling mellan lärares och elevers uppfattningar om den pedagogiska verksamheten se ut? Vi har kommit fram till att den formativa bedömningen kan förbättra eleverna i klassens kunskapsutveckling i matematik. I den formativa bedömningen har vi sett vikten av mötet mellan lärare och elev. Att arbeta formativt är tidskrävande.

Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics. Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
MIRROR SYMMETRY AND THE CLASSIFICATION OF ORBIFOLD DEL PEZZO SURFACES2016In: Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, ISSN 0002-9939, E-ISSN 1088-6826, Vol. 144, no 2, p. 513-527Article in journal (Refereed)

We state a number of conjectures that together allow one to classify a broad class of del Pezzo surfaces with cyclic quotient singularities using mirror symmetry. We prove our conjectures in the simplest cases. The conjectures relate mutation-equivalence classes of Fano polygons with Q-Gorenstein deformation classes of del Pezzo surfaces.

• 25.
King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia.
Extension of Positive currents with Special Properties of Monge-Ampere Operators2013In: Mathematica Scandinavica, ISSN 0025-5521, E-ISSN 1903-1807, Vol. 113, no 1, p. 108-127Article in journal (Refereed)

This paper deals with the extension of positive currents across different types of sets. For closed complete pluripolar obstacles, we show the existence of such extensions. To do so, further Hausdorff dimension conditions are required. Moreover, we study the case when these obstacles are zero sets of strictly $k$-convex functions.

• 26.
The Department of Mathematics, King Faisal University.
The extendability of S-plurisubharmonic currents:  = Sur le prolongement des courants S-plurisousharmoniques2012In: Comptes rendus. Mathematique, ISSN 1631-073X, E-ISSN 1778-3569, Vol. 350, no 23-24, p. 1023-1026Article in journal (Other academic)

This paper studies the extendability of negative S-plurisubharmonic current of bidimension (p,p) across a (2p-2)-dimensional closed set. Using only the positivity of S, we show that such extensions exist in the case when these obstacles are complete pluripolar, as well as zero sets of C2-plurisubharmoinc functions.

• 27.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
The inductive wedge product of positive currentsManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)

In this paper, we discuss the wedge product of positive pluriharmonic (resp. plurisubharmonic) current of bidimension $(p,p)$ with the Monge-Ampère operator of plurisubharmonic function. In the first part of the paper, we define this product when the locus points of the plurisubharmonic function are located in a (2p-2)-dimensional closed set (resp. (2p-4)-dimensional sets), in the sense of Hartogs. The second part treats the case when these locus points are contained in a compact complete pluripolar sets and p≥ 2 (resp. p≥3).

• 28.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
On the Extension and Wedge Product of Positive Currents2012Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)

This dissertation is concerned with extensions and wedge products of positive currents. Our study can be considered as a generalization for classical works done earlier in this field.

Paper I deals with the extension of positive currents across different types of sets. For closed complete pluripolar obstacles, we show the existence of such extensions. To do so, further Hausdorff dimension conditions are required. Moreover, we study the case when these obstacles are zero sets of strictly k-convex functions.

In Paper II, we discuss the wedge product of positive pluriharmonic (resp. plurisubharmonic) current of bidimension (p,p) with the Monge-Ampère operator of plurisubharmonic function. In the first part of the paper, we define this product when the locus points of the plurisubharmonic function are located in a (2p-2)-dimensional closed set (resp. (2p-4)-dimensional sets), in the sense of Hartogs. The second part treats the case when these locus points are contained in a compact complete pluripolar sets and p≥2 (resp. p≥3).

Paper III studies the extendability of negative S-plurisubharmonic current of bidimension (p,p) across a (2p-2)-dimensional closed set. Using only the positivity of S, we show that such extensions exist in the case when these obstacles are complete pluripolar, as well as zero sets of C2-plurisubharmoinc functions.

• 29. Albeverio, Sergio
Elander, NilsStockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics.
Operator methods in ordinary and partial differential equations: proceedings of the Sonja Kovalevsky symposium held in the University of Stockholm, June 16-22, 20002002Conference proceedings (editor) (Refereed)
• 30. Albeverio, Sergio
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Singular perturbations of differential operators: solvable Schrödinger type operators2000Book (Refereed)
• 31.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Combinatorial Methods in Complex Analysis2013Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)

The theme of this thesis is combinatorics, complex analysis and algebraic geometry. The thesis consists of six articles divided into four parts.

Part A: Spectral properties of the Schrödinger equation

This part consists of Papers I-II, where we study a univariate Schrödinger equation with a complex polynomial potential. We prove that the set of polynomial potentials that admit solutions to the Schrödingerequation is connected, under certain boundary conditions. We also study a similar result for even polynomial potentials, where a similar result is obtained.

Part B: Graph monomials and sums of squares

In this part, consisting of Paper III, we study natural bases for the space of homogeneous, symmetric and translation-invariant polynomials in terms of multigraphs. We find all multigraphs with at most six edges that give rise to non-negative polynomials, and which of these that can be expressed as a sum of squares. Such polynomials appear naturally in connection to expressing certain non-negative polynomials as sums of squares.

Part C: Eigenvalue asymptotics of banded Toeplitz matrices

This part consists of Papers IV-V. We give a new and generalized proof of a theorem by P. Schmidt and F. Spitzer concerning asymptotics of eigenvalues of Toeplitz matrices. We also generalize the notion of eigenvalues to rectangular matrices, and partially prove the a multivariate analogue of the above.

Part D: Stretched Schur polynomials

This part consists of Paper VI, where we give a combinatorial proof that certain sequences of skew Schur polynomials satisfy linear recurrences with polynomial coefficients.

• 32.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
On Eigenvalues of the Schrodinger Operator with an Even Complex-Valued Polynomial Potential2012In: Computational methods in Function Theory, ISSN 1617-9447, E-ISSN 2195-3724, Vol. 12, no 2, p. 465-481Article in journal (Refereed)

In this paper, we generalize several results in the article Analytic continuation of eigenvalues of a quartic oscillator of A. Eremenko and A. Gabrielov [4]. We consider a family of eigenvalue problems for a Schrodinger equation with even polynomial potentials of arbitrary degree d with complex coefficients, and k < (d + 2)/2 boundary conditions. We show that the spectral determinant in this case consists of two components, containing even and odd eigenvalues respectively. In the case with k = (d + 2)/2 boundary conditions, we show that the corresponding parameter space consists of infinitely many connected components.

• 33.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
On eigenvalues of the Schrödinger operator with a complex-valued polynomial potential2010Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)

In this thesis, we generalize a recent result of A. Eremenko and A. Gabrielov on irreducibility of the spectral discriminant for the Schroedinger equation with quartic potentials.

In the first paper, we consider the eigenvalue problem with a complex-valued polynomial potential of arbitrary degree d and show that the spectral determinant of this problem is connected and irreducible. In other words, every eigenvalue can be reached from any other by analytic continuation. We also prove connectedness of the parameter spaces of the potentials that admit eigenfunctions satisfying k > 2 boundary conditions, except for the case d is even and k = d/2. In the latter case, connected components of the parameter space are distinguished by the number of zeros of the eigenfunctions.

In the second paper, we only consider even polynomial potentials, and show that the spectral determinant for the eigenvalue problem consists of two irreducible components. A similar result to that of paper I is proved for k boundary conditions.

• 34.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Schur polynomials, banded Toeplitz matrices and Widom's formula2012In: The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, ISSN 1097-1440, E-ISSN 1077-8926, Vol. 19, no 4, p. P22-Article in journal (Refereed)

We prove that for arbitrary partitions lambda subset of kappa, and integers 0 <= c < r <= n, the sequence of Schur polynomials S(kappa+k.1c)/(lambda+k.1r)(x(1), ... , x(n)) for k sufficiently large, satisfy a linear recurrence. The roots of the characteristic equation are given explicitly. These recurrences are also valid for certain sequences of minors of banded Toeplitz matrices. In addition, we show that Widom's determinant formula from 1958 is a special case of a well-known identity for Schur polynomials.

• 35.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Stretched skew Schur polynomials are recurrent2014In: Journal of combinatorial theory. Series A (Print), ISSN 0097-3165, E-ISSN 1096-0899, Vol. 122, p. 1-8Article in journal (Refereed)

We show that sequences of skew Schur polynomials obtained from stretched semi-standard Young tableauxsatisfy a linear recurrence, which we give explicitly.Using this, we apply this to finding certain asymptotic behavior of these Schur polynomials and present conjectures on minimal recurrences for stretched Schur polynomials.

• 36.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
On Eigenvalues of the Schrödinger Operator with a Complex-Valued Polynomial Potential2012In: Computational methods in Function Theory, ISSN 1617-9447, E-ISSN 2195-3724, Vol. 12, no 1, p. 119-144Article in journal (Refereed)

We consider the eigenvalue problem with a complex-valued polynomial potential of arbitrary degree d and show that the spectral determinant of this problem is connected and irreducible. In other words, every eigenvalue can be reached from any other by analytic continuation.

We also prove connectedness of the parameter spaces of the potentials that admit eigenfunctions satisfying k > 2 boundary conditions, except for the case d is even and k = d/2. In the latter case, connected components of the parameter space are distinguished by the number of zeros of the eigenfunctions.

The first results can be derived from H. Habsch, while the case of a disconnected parameter space is new.

• 37.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Around multivariate Schmidt-Spitzer theorem2014In: Linear Algebra and its Applications, ISSN 0024-3795, E-ISSN 1873-1856, Vol. 446, p. 356-368Article in journal (Refereed)

Given an arbitrary complex-valued infinite matrix $\infmatA=(a_{ij}),$$i=1,\dotsc,\infty;$ $j=1,\dotsc,\infty$  and a positive integer $n$ we introduce anaturally associated  polynomial basis $\polybasis_\infmatA$ of$\C[x_0,\dotsc,x_n]$.We discuss some properties of the locus of  common zeros of all polynomials in $\polybasis_A$ having  a given degree $m$; the latter locus can beinterpreted as the spectrum of the $m\times (m+n)$-submatrix of $\infmatA$ formed by its  $m$ first rows and$(m+n)$ first columns. We initiate the study of the asymptotics of these spectra when $m\to \infty$ inthe case when $\infmatA$ is a banded Toeplitz matrix.In particular, we present and partially prove a conjectural multivariate analogof the well-known Schmidt-Spitzer theorem which describes  the spectral asymptotics for the sequence of principal minors of an arbitrarybanded Toeplitz matrix.Finally, we discuss relations between polynomial bases $\polybasis_\infmatA$ andmultivariate  orthogonal polynomials.

• 38.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Discriminants, Symmetrized Graph monomials and Sums of Squares2012In: Experimental Mathematics, ISSN 1058-6458, E-ISSN 1944-950X, Vol. 21, no 4, p. 353-361Article in journal (Refereed)

In 1878, motivated by the requirements of the invariant the-ory of binary forms, J. J. Sylvester constructed, for every graphwith possible multiple edges but without loops, its symmetrizedgraph monomial, which is a polynomial in the vertex labels ofthe original graph. We pose the question for which graphs thispolynomial is nonnegative or a sum of squares. This problem ismotivated by a recent conjecture of F. Sottile and E. Mukhin onthe discriminant of the derivative of a univariate polynomial andby an interesting example of P. and A. Lax of a graph with fouredges whose symmetrized graph monomial is nonnegative butnot a sum of squares. We present detailed information about sym-metrized graph monomials for graphs with four and six edges,obtained by computer calculations.

• 39.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Stein-Haff Identity for the Exponential Family2018In: Theory of Probability and Mathematical Statistics, ISSN 0094-9000, Vol. 99Article in journal (Refereed)

In this paper, the Stein-Haff identity is established for positive-definite and symmetric random matrices belonging to the exponential family. The identity is then applied to the matrix-variate gamma distribution, and an estimator that dominates the maximum likelihood estimator in terms of Stein's loss is obtained. Finally, a simulation study is conducted in order to support the theoretical results.

• 40.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Scan Statistics for Space-Time Cluster Detection2018Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)

Scan statistics are used by public health agencies to detect and localize disease outbreaks. This thesis provides an overview of scan statistics in the context of prospective disease surveillance and outbreak detection, presents a novel scan statistic to deal with the type of zero-abundant data that is often encountered in these settings, and—perhaps most importantly—implements this and other scan statistics in a freely available and open source R package. Additionally, Markov processes and time series methods are frequently used in many disease surveillance methods. The last part of this thesis presents some computationally efficient methods for density evaluation and simulation of irregularly sampled AR(1) processes, that may be useful when implementing surveillance methods based on these types of processes.

• 41.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
An unconditional space–time scan statistic for ZIP‐distributed data2019In: Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, ISSN 0303-6898, E-ISSN 1467-9469, Vol. 46, no 1, p. 142-159Article in journal (Refereed)

A scan statistic is proposed for the prospective monitoring of spatiotemporal count data with an excess of zeros. The method that is based on an outbreak model for the zero‐inflated Poisson distribution is shown to be superior to traditional scan statistics based on the Poisson distribution in the presence of structural zeros. The spatial accuracy and the detection timeliness of the proposed scan statistic are investigated by means of simulation, and an application on the weekly cases of Campylobacteriosis in Germany illustrates how the scan statistic could be used to detect emerging disease outbreaks. An implementation of the method is provided in the open‐source R package scanstatistics available on the Comprehensive R Archive Network.

• 42.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
A Universal A(infinity) Structure on BV Algebras with Multiple Zeta Value Coefficients2016In: International mathematics research notices, ISSN 1073-7928, E-ISSN 1687-0247, no 24, p. 7414-7470Article in journal (Refereed)

We construct an explicit and universal A-infinity deformation of Batalin-Vilkovisky algebras, with all coefficients expressed as rational sums of multiple zeta values. If the Batalin-Vilkovisky algebra that we start with is cyclic, then so is the A-infinity deformation. Moreover, the adjoint action of the odd Poisson bracket acts by derivations of the A-infinity structure. The construction conjecturally defines a new presentation of the Grothendieck-Teichmuller Lie algebra.

• 43.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Universal algebraic structures on polyvector fields2014Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)

The theory of operads is a conceptual framework that has become a kind of universal language, relating branches of topology and algebra. This thesis uses the operadic framework to study the derived algebraic properties of polyvector fields on manifolds.The thesis is divided into eight chapters. The first is an introduction to the thesis and the research field to which it belongs, while the second chapter surveys the basic mathematical results of the field.The third chapter is devoted to a novel construction of differential graded operads, generalizing an earlier construction due to Thomas Willwacher. The construction highlights and explains several categorical properties of differential graded algebras (of some kind) that come equipped with an action by a differential graded Lie algebra. In particular, the construction clarifies the deformation theory of such algebras and explains how such algebras can be twisted by Maurer-Cartan elements.The fourth chapter constructs an explicit strong homotopy deformation of polynomial polyvector fields on affine space, regarded as a two-colored noncommutative Gerstenhaber algebra. It also constructs an explicit strong homotopy quasi-isomorphism from this deformation to the canonical two-colored noncommmutative Gerstenhaber algebra of polydifferential operators on the affine space. This explicit construction generalizes Maxim Kontsevich's formality morphism.The main result of the fifth chapter is that the deformation of polyvector fields constructed in the fourth chapter is (generically) nontrivial and, in a sense, the unique such deformation. The proof is based on some cohomology computations involving Kontsevich's graph complex and related complexes. The chapter ends with an application of the results to properties of a derived version of the Duflo isomorphism.The sixth chapter develops a general mathematical framework for how and when an algebraic structure on the germs at the origin of a sheaf on Cartesian space can be "globalized" to a corresponding algebraic structure on the global sections over an arbitrary smooth manifold. The results are applied to the construction of the fourth chapter, and it is shown that the construction globalizes to polyvector fields and polydifferential operators on an arbitrary smooth manifold.The seventh chapter combines the relations to graph complexes, explained in chapter five, and the globalization theory of chapter six, to uncover a representation of the Grothendieck-Teichmüller group in terms of A-infinity morphisms between Poisson cohomology cochain complexes on a manifold.Chapter eight gives a simplified version of a construction of a family of Drinfel'd associators due to Carlo Rossi and Thomas Willwacher. Our simplified construction makes the connections to multiple zeta values more transparent--in particular, one obtains a fairly explicit family of evaluations on the algebra of formal multiple zeta values, and the chapter proves certain basic properties of this family of evaluations.

• 44.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Grothendieck-Teichmuller group and Poisson cohomologies2015In: Journal of Noncommutative Geometry, ISSN 1661-6952, E-ISSN 1661-6960, Vol. 9, no 1, p. 185-214Article in journal (Refereed)

We study actions of the Grothendieck-Teichmuller group GRT on Poisson cohomologies of Poisson manifolds, and prove some go and no-go theorems associated with these actions.

• 45. Alm, Jonas
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Valuation of Index-Linked Cash Flows in a Heath-Jarrow-Morton Framework2015In: Risks, ISSN 1670-0139, E-ISSN 2227-9091, Vol. 3, no 3, p. 338-364Article in journal (Refereed)

In this paper, we study the valuation of stochastic cash flows that exhibit dependence on interest rates. We focus on insurance liability cash flows linked to an index, such as a consumer price index or wage index, where changes in the index value can be partially understood in terms of changes in the term structure of interest rates. Insurance liability cash flows that are not explicitly linked to an index may still be valued in our framework by interpreting index returns as so-called claims inflation, i.e., an increase in claims cost per sold insurance contract. We focus primarily on the case when a deep and liquid market for index-linked contracts is absent or when the market price data are unreliable. Firstly, we present an approach for assigning a monetary value to a stochastic cash flow that does not require full knowledge of the joint dynamics of the cash flow and the term structure of interest rates. Secondly, we investigate in detail model selection, estimation and validation in a Heath-Jarrow-Morton framework. Finally, we analyze the effects of model uncertainty on the valuation of the cash flows and how forecasts of cash flows and interest rates translate into model parameters and affect the valuation.

• 46.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics and Science Education, PRIM-gruppen.
På upptäcktsfärd i elevernas  värld av tal2007In: Matematikdidaktiska texter – Beprövad erfarenhet och vetenskaplig grund / [ed] Lena Alm ..., Stockholm: PRIM-gruppen, Institutionen för undervisningsprocesser, kommunikation och lärande, Lärarhögskolan i Stockholm , 2007, p. 43-55Chapter in book (Other academic)
• 47. Alm, Sven Erick
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
First Passage Percolation on $$\mathbb {Z}^2$$: A Simulation Study2015In: Journal of statistical physics, ISSN 0022-4715, E-ISSN 1572-9613, Vol. 161, no 3, p. 657-678Article in journal (Refereed)

First passage percolation on is a model for describing the spread of an infection on the sites of the square lattice. The infection is spread via nearest neighbor sites and the time dynamic is specified by random passage times attached to the edges. In this paper, the speed of the growth and the shape of the infected set is studied by aid of large-scale computer simulations, with focus on continuous passage time distributions. It is found that the most important quantity for determining the value of the time constant, which indicates the inverse asymptotic speed of the growth, is , where are i.i.d. passage time variables. The relation is linear for a large class of passage time distributions. Furthermore, the directional time constants are seen to be increasing when moving from the axis towards the diagonal, so that the limiting shape is contained in a circle with radius defined by the speed along the axes. The shape comes closer to the circle for distributions with larger variability.

• 48.
Stockholm College.
Sur quelques problèmes de la théorie des fonctions analytiques de deux variables complexes1922Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
• 49. Alpcan, Tansu
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Can we measure the difficulty of an optimization problem?2014Conference paper (Other academic)

Can we measure the difficulty of an optimization problem? Although optimization plays a crucial role in modernscience and technology, a formal framework that puts problemsand solution algorithms into a broader context has not beenestablished. This paper presents a conceptual approach which gives a positive answer to the question for a broad class of optimization problems. Adopting an information and computational perspective, the proposed framework builds upon Shannon and algorithmic information theories. As a starting point, a concrete model and definition of optimization problems is provided. Then, a formal definition of optimization difficulty is introduced which builds upon algorithmic information theory. Following an initial analysis, lower and upper bounds on optimization difficulty are established. One of the upper-bounds is closely related to Shannon information theory and black-box optimization. Finally, various computational issues and future research directions are discussed.

• 50. Alström, Per
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics.
Non-monophyly and intricate morphological evolution within the avian family Cettiidae revealed by multilocus analysis of a taxonomically densely sampled dataset2011In: BMC Evolutionary Biology, ISSN 1471-2148, E-ISSN 1471-2148, Vol. 11, p. 352-Article in journal (Refereed)

Background: The avian family Cettiidae, including the genera Cettia, Urosphena, Tesia, Abroscopus and Tickellia and Orthotomus cucullatus, has recently been proposed based on analysis of a small number of loci and species. The close relationship of most of these taxa was unexpected, and called for a comprehensive study based on multiple loci and dense taxon sampling. In the present study, we infer the relationships of all except one of the species in this family using one mitochondrial and three nuclear loci. We use traditional gene tree methods (Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood bootstrapping, parsimony bootstrapping), as well as a recently developed Bayesian species tree approach (*BEAST) that accounts for lineage sorting processes that might produce discordance between gene trees. We also analyse mitochondrial DNA for a larger sample, comprising multiple individuals and a large number of subspecies of polytypic species. Results: There are many topological incongruences among the single-locus trees, although none of these is strongly supported. The multi-locus tree inferred using concatenated sequences and the species tree agree well with each other, and are overall well resolved and well supported by the data. The main discrepancy between these trees concerns the most basal split. Both methods infer the genus Cettia to be highly non-monophyletic, as it is scattered across the entire family tree. Deep intraspecific divergences are revealed, and one or two species and one subspecies are inferred to be non-monophyletic (differences between methods). Conclusions: The molecular phylogeny presented here is strongly inconsistent with the traditional, morphology-based classification. The remarkably high degree of non-monophyly in the genus Cettia is likely to be one of the most extraordinary examples of misconceived relationships in an avian genus. The phylogeny suggests instances of parallel evolution, as well as highly unequal rates of morphological divergence in different lineages. This complex morphological evolution apparently misled earlier taxonomists. These results underscore the well-known but still often neglected problem of basing classifications on overall morphological similarity. Based on the molecular data, a revised taxonomy is proposed. Although the traditional and species tree methods inferred much the same tree in the present study, the assumption by species tree methods that all species are monophyletic is a limitation in these methods, as some currently recognized species might have more complex histories.

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