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  • 1. Aafjes-van Doorn, Katie
    et al.
    Lilliengren, Peter
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Clinical psychology.
    Cooper, Angela
    McDonald, James
    Falkenström, Fredrik
    Patients’ Affective Processes Within Initial Experiential Dynamic Therapy Sessions2017In: Psychotherapy, ISSN 0033-3204, E-ISSN 1939-1536, Vol. 54, no 2, p. 175-183Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Research has indicated that patients’ in-session experience of previously avoided affects may be important for effective psychotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate patients’ in-session levels of affect experiencing in relation to their corresponding levels of insight, motivation, and inhibitory affects in initial Experiential Dynamic Therapy (EDT) sessions. Four hundred sixty-six 10-min video segments from 31 initial sessions were rated using the Achievement of Therapeutic Objectives Scale. A series of multilevel growth models, controlling for between-therapist variability, were estimated to predict patients’ adaptive affect experiencing (Activating Affects) across session segments. In line with our expectations, higher within-person levels of Insight and Motivation related to higher levels of Activating Affects per segment. Contrary to expectations, however, lower levels of Inhibition were not associated with higher levels of Activating Affects. Further, using a time-lagged model, we did not find that the levels of Insight, Motivation, or Inhibition during one session segment predicted Activating Affects in the next, possibly indicating that 10-min segments may be suboptimal for testing temporal relationships in affective processes. Our results suggest that, to intensify patients’ immediate affect experiencing in initial EDT sessions, therapists should focus on increasing insight into defensive patterns and, in particular, motivation to give them up. Future research should examine the impact of specific inhibitory affects more closely, as well as between-therapist variability in patients’ in-session adaptive affect experiencing.

  • 2. Abbass, Allan
    et al.
    Lilliengren, Peter
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Town, Joel
    On Paolo Migione's "What Does Brief Mean?"2014In: Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, ISSN 0003-0651, E-ISSN 1941-2460, Vol. 62, no 5, p. NP18-NP22Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 3.
    Ahlesten, Richard
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Psykometriska egenskaper hos Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth2016Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Psykologisk inflexibilitet är ett centralt begrepp inom Acceptance and committment therapy (ACT). I enlighet med teorin bakom ACT är människor psykiska lidande starkt sammankopplat med komponenterna som utgör psykologisk inflexibilitet; upplevelsemässigt undvikande och kognitiv fusion. Det psykiska måendet bland barn och ungdomar tenderar att försämras och behovet av psykologiska vårdinsatser ökar. I det sammanhanget är det viktigt med fungerande skattningsinstrument som möjliggör bedömningar och utvärderingar av vårdbehov och vårdinsatser. I uppsatsen undersöktes psykometriska egenskaper hos självskattningsinstrumentet Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y) i en grupp ungdomar som vårdas av Statens institutionsstyrelse. Av resultaten framgick att såväl reliabilitet som validitet var god i de utvalda måtten, faktorstrukturen tolkades som endimensionell. Även graden av psykologisk inflexibilitet i gruppen undersöktes. Bland undersökningsdeltagarna hade flickorna signifikant högre AFQ-Y-resultat jämfört med normpopulationen. Pojkarna avvek inte från normpopulationen.

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  • 4. Ahlström, Christer
    et al.
    Anund, Anna
    Fors, Carina
    Åkerstedt, Torbjörn
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Stress Research Institute. Karolinska Institute, Sweden.
    The effect of daylight versus darkness on driver sleepiness: a driving simulator study2018In: Journal of Sleep Research, ISSN 0962-1105, E-ISSN 1365-2869, Vol. 27, no 3, article id e12642Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Driver sleepiness studies are often carried out with alert drivers during daytime and sleep-deprived drivers during night-time. This design results in a mixture of different factors (e.g. circadian effects, homeostatic effects, light conditions) that may confound the results. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of light conditions on driver sleepiness. Thirty young male drivers (23.6 ± 1.7 years old) participated in a driving simulator experiment where they drove on a rural road. A 2 × 2 design was used with the conditions daylight versus darkness, and daytime (full sleep) versus night-time (sleep deprived). The results show that light condition had an independent effect on the sleepiness variables. The subjective sleepiness measured by Karolinska Sleepiness Scale was higher, lateral position more left-oriented, speed lower, electroencephalogram alpha and theta higher, and blink durations were longer during darkness. The number of line crossings did not change significantly with light condition. The day/night condition had profound effects on most sleepiness indicators while controlling for light condition. The number of line crossings was higher during night driving, Karolinska Sleepiness Scale was higher, blink durations were longer and speed was lower. There were no significant interactions, indicating that light conditions have an additive effect on sleepiness. In conclusion, Karolinska Sleepiness Scale and blink durations increase primarily with sleep deprivation, but also as an effect of darkness. Line crossings are mainly driven by the need for sleep and the reduced alertness at the circadian nadir. Lane position is, however, more determined by light conditions than by sleepiness.

  • 5. Aletta, Francesco
    et al.
    Kang, Jian
    Axelsson, Östen
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Perception and psychophysics. University of Sheffield, United Kingdom.
    Soundscape descriptors and a conceptual framework for developing predictive soundscape models2016In: Landscape and Urban Planning, ISSN 0169-2046, E-ISSN 1872-6062, Vol. 149, p. 65-74Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Soundscape exists through human perception of the acoustic environment. This paper investigates how soundscape currently is assessed and measured. It reviews and analyzes the main soundscape descriptors in the soundscape literature, and provides a conceptual framework for developing predictive models in soundscape studies. A predictive soundscape model provides a means of predicting the value of a soundscape descriptor, and the blueprint for how to design soundscape. It is the key for implementing the soundscape approach in urban planning and design. The challenge is to select the appropriate soundscape descriptor and to identify its predictors. The majority of available soundscape descriptors are converging towards a 2-dimensional soundscape model of perceived affective quality (e.g., Pleasantness–Eventfulness, or Calmness–Vibrancy). A third potential dimension is the appropriateness of a soundscape to a place. This dimensions provides complementary information beyond the perceived affective quality. However, it depends largely on context, and because a soundscape may be appropriate to a place although it is poor, this descriptor must probably not be used on its own. With regards to predictors, or soundscape indicators, perceived properties of the acoustic environment (e.g., perceived sound sources) are winning over established acoustic and psychoacoustic metrics. To move this area forward it is necessary that the international soundscape community comes together and agrees on relevant soundscape descriptors. This includes to agree on numerical scales and assessment procedures, as well as to standardize them.

  • 6.
    Alexius, Katarina
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work.
    Hollander, Anna
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work.
    Barns behov och vilja vid tvångsvård till följd av omsorgsbrist2014In: Barnrätt : en antologi / [ed] Ann-Christin Cederborg & Wiweka Warnling-Nerep, Stockholm: Norstedts Juridik AB, 2014, 1, p. 21-38Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Vid omhändertaganden av barn ska barnets bästa vara avgörande för de beslut som fattas. I den praktiska tillämpningen innefattar begreppet ofta tolkningar av barns behov, såsom dessa definieras av kompetenta vuxna, och barnets vilja, såsom denna uttrycks av barnet eller uttolkas av vuxna. I denna studie undersöks uttrycken barns behov och vilja samt hur barns behov och vilja bedöms i sociala utredningar och domar som rör tvångsomhändertaganden till följd av omsorgssvikt av barn i familjer där någon förälder har intellektuell funktionsnedsättning.

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    Barnrätt. Alexius&Hollander.kapitel 01
  • 7. Andersson, C.
    et al.
    Lindau, M.
    Almkvist, Ove
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Engfeldt, P.
    Johansson, S.E.
    Eriksdotter Jönhagen, M.
    Identifying patients at high and low risk for cognitive decline using Rey Auditory Verbal Learning test among middle-aged memory clinic out-patients.2006In: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, ISSN 1420-8008, Vol. 21, p. 251-259Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives: To investigate whether application of cutoff levels in an episodic memory test (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, RAVLT) is a useful method for identifying patients at high and low risk of cognitive decline and subsequent dementia. Methods: 224 patients with memory complaints (mean age = 60.7 years, mean MMSE = 28.2) followed-up at a memory clinic over 3 years were assigned retrospectively to one of three memory groups from their baseline results in RAVLT [severe (SIM), moderate (MIM) or no impairment (NIM)]. These groups were investigated regarding cognitive decline. Results: Patients assigned to SIM showed significant cognitive decline and progressed to dementia at a high rate, while a normal performance in RAVLT at baseline (NIM) predicted normal cognition after 3 years. Patients with MIM constituted a heterogeneous group; some patients deteriorated cognitively, while the majority remained stable or improved. Conclusions: The application of cutoff levels in RAVLT at baseline showed that patients with severely impaired RAVLT performance were at a high risk of cognitive decline and progression to dementia, while patients with normal RAVLT results did not show cognitive decline during 3 years. Furthermore, the initial degree of memory impairment was decisive in the cognitive prognosis 3 years later.

  • 8. Andersson, Christina
    et al.
    Mellner, Christin
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Work and organizational psychology.
    Lilliengren, Peter
    Einhorn, Stefan
    Bergsten, Katja Lindert
    Stenström, Emma
    Osika, Walter
    Cultivating Compassion and Reducing Stress and Mental Ill-Health in Employees: A Randomized Controlled Study2022In: Frontiers in Psychology, E-ISSN 1664-1078, Vol. 12, article id 748140Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Stress and mental ill-health carry considerable costs for both individuals and organizations. Although interventions targeting compassion and self-compassion have been shown to reduce stress and benefit mental health, related research in organizational settings is limited. We investigated the effects of a 6-week psychological intervention utilizing compassion training on stress, mental health, and self-compassion. Forty-nine employees of two organizations were randomly assigned to either the intervention (n = 25) or a physical exercise control condition (n = 24). Multilevel growth models showed that stress (p = 0.04) and mental ill-health (p = 0.02) decreased over 3 months in both groups (pre-intervention to follow-up: Cohen’s d = −0.46 and d = 0.33, respectively), while self-compassion only increased in the intervention group (p = 0.03, between group d = 0.53). There were no significant effects on life satisfaction in any of the groups (p > 0.53). The findings show promising results regarding the ability of compassion training within organizations to decrease stress and mental ill-health and increase self-compassion. 

  • 9. Andersson, Erik
    et al.
    Enander, Jesper
    Andrén, Per
    Hedman, Erik
    Ljótsson, Brjánn
    Hursti, Timo
    Bergström, Jan
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Kaldo, Viktor
    Lindefors, Nils
    Andersson, Gerhard
    Rück, Christian
    Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a randomized controlled trial2012In: Psychological Medicine, ISSN 0033-2917, E-ISSN 1469-8978, Vol. 42, no 10, p. 2193-2203Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) but access to CBT is limited. Internet-based CBT (ICBT) with therapist support is potentially a more accessible treatment. There are no randomized controlled trials testing ICBT for OCD. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of ICBT for OCD in a randomized controlled trial.

    Method

    Participants (n=101) diagnosed with OCD were randomized to either 10 weeks of ICBT or to an attention control condition, consisting of online supportive therapy. The primary outcome measure was the Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) administered by blinded assessors.

    Results

    Both treatments lead to significant improvements in OCD symptoms, but ICBT resulted in larger improvements than the control condition on the YBOCS, with a significant between-group effect size (Cohen's d) of 1.12 (95% CI 0.69–1.53) at post-treatment. The proportion of participants showing clinically significant improvement was 60% (95% CI 46–72) in the ICBT group compared to 6% (95% CI 1–17) in the control condition. The results were sustained at follow-up.

    Conclusions

    ICBT is an efficacious treatment for OCD that could substantially increase access to CBT for OCD patients. Replication studies are warranted.

  • 10. Andersson, Gerhard
    et al.
    Bergström, Jan
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Carlbring, Per
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Lindefors, Nils
    The use of the Internet in the treatment of anxiety disorders2005In: Current Opinion in Psychiatry, ISSN 0951-7367, E-ISSN 1473-6578, Vol. 18, no 1, p. 73-73Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 11. Andersson, Gerhard
    et al.
    Bergström, Jan
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Holländare, Fredrik
    Carlbring, Per
    Kaldo, Viktor
    Ekselius, Lisa
    Internet-based self-help for depression: randomised controlled trial2005In: British Journal of Psychiatry, ISSN 0007-1250, E-ISSN 1472-1465, Vol. 187, no 5, p. 456-461Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 12.
    Andersson, Gerhard
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet och Karolinska Instutet.
    Carlbring, Per
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Clinical psychology.
    Behandling via internet2016In: Socialt arbete och internet: att förstå och hantera sociala problem på nya arenor / [ed] Kristian Daneback, Emma Sorbring, Stockholm: Liber, 2016, p. 215-225Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Inom det sociala arbetets praktik ser vi en ökad närvaro av internetrelaterade problem. Samtidigt föredrar allt fler människor webbaserad hjälp, samt råd och stöd i relation till mer traditionella behandlings- och preventionsprogram, vilket öppnar för nya möjligheter för det sociala arbetet.

  • 13.
    Andersson, Peter
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work.
    Behandlande arbete med våldsutövande fäder2020In: Mellanrummet: Tidsskrift om barn- og ungdomspsykoterapi, ISSN 1404-5559, E-ISSN 2000-8511, Vol. 40, no 4, p. 25-32Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 14.
    Andersson, Peter
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work.
    I mötet med en annan människa: En diskuterande recension av Trauma smittar! Allt du behöver veta om sekundärtrauma och Att förstå sin egen utsatthet – stöd för professionella i människovårdande yrken2019In: Mellanrummet: Tidsskrift om barn- og ungdomspsykoterapi, ISSN 1404-5559, ISSN 2000-8511, Vol. 38, no 1, p. 81-83Article, book review (Other academic)
  • 15.
    Andreasson, Anna
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Stress Research Institute. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Wicksell, Rikard K.
    Lodin, Karin
    Karshikoff, Bianka
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Stress Research Institute. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Axelsson, John
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Stress Research Institute. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Lekander, Mats
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Stress Research Institute. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    A global measure of sickness behaviour: Development of the Sickness Questionnaire2018In: Journal of Health Psychology, ISSN 1359-1053, E-ISSN 1461-7277, Vol. 23, no 11, p. 1452-1463Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Symptoms after inflammatory activation, so-called sickness behaviour, overlap with trans-diagnostic complaints. As no self-report questionnaire to assess sickness behaviour exists, we aimed to develop such an instrument, the Sickness Questionnaire. Items responsive to experimentally induced inflammatory activation (randomized double-blind study endotoxin (0.6 ng/kg) versus placebo, n = 52) were selected and the statistical properties were examined in 172 primary care patients. A principal component analysis indicated a one-factor solution (Cronbach's alpha = .86). This 10-item scale correlated with depression ( β = .41, p < .001), anxiety ( β = .36, p < .001), self-rated health ( β = .28, p < .001) and a single item of feeling sick ( β = .55, p < .001). The results support the adequacy of Sickness Questionnaire as a brief assessment instrument of perceived sickness behaviour.

  • 16.
    Andreasson, Filippa
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    D'Angelo Gentile, Axel
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    You get what you play for: A multiple-baseline experimental design on child-directed play for parents of autistic children2020Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face many challenges which lead to low levels of psychological well-being, partly caused by inability to parent in accordance with one’s values. Child-directed play, a moment of being fully attentive and responsive to one’s child, has the potential to increase parental values. A non-concurrent multiple-baseline experimental design investigated whether daily exercises of child-directed play improved valued parenting and parental perspective-taking. Eight parents of children with diagnosed or suspected ASD were followed daily for six weeks. The intervention comprehended daily practice of child-directed play and video supervision. Child-directed play increased ratings of parental values for all but one participant (Hedges’ g* = 1.67) with effect maintained at follow-up, and increased ratings of parental perspective-taking. A gradual effect indicates the need for greater difference in baseline length between participants. No effects on children, nor on parental well-being were investigated in the present study.

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  • 17.
    Annell, Stefan
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Lindfors, Petra
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Sverke, Magnus
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. North-West University, South Africa.
    Police selection – implications during training and early career2015In: Policing: an international Journal of Police Strategies and Managment, ISSN 1363-951X, E-ISSN 1758-695X, Vol. 38, no 2, p. 221-238Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose – The cost of selecting and training new police officers is high. However, previous researchhas provided limited guidance on how to select the best applicants. The purpose of this paper is toenhance the understanding of the possibilities to select suitable applicants by using combinations offour common categories of selection methods, namely cognitive tests, personality inventories, physicaltests, and rater-based methods (i.e. interviews).

    Design/methodology/approach – Using a sample of Swedish police recruits (n¼750) the authorsperformed hierarchical multiple regression analyses, predicting four criteria – performance, satisfaction,retention, and health – at three consecutive time points (after two years of academy training, after sixmonths of field training, and after the first work year).

    Findings – No group of selection methods consistently predicted all four criteria at the three timepoints. In most analyses more than one class of selection methods were statistically significant, but thefindings did not support the use of rater-based methods.

    Practical implications – Instead of the common praxis of using interviews, the findings suggest analternative praxis. This involves using the remaining information from cognitive tests, personalityinventories, and general fitness tests that had been used in earlier hurdles to screen out unsuitable applicants.

    Originality/value – The study extends previous research by including several follow-ups, showingthe value of combining different selection methods, and using alternative criteria of successful policerecruitment (i.e. satisfaction, retention, and health).

  • 18.
    Annell, Stefan
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Work and organizational psychology.
    Sverke, Magnus
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Work and organizational psychology.
    Gustavsson, Petter
    Lindfors, Petra
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Work and organizational psychology.
    Lämna yrket eller stanna kvar? En studie om nya poliser2019In: Arbetsmarknad & Arbetsliv, ISSN 1400-9692, E-ISSN 2002-343X, Vol. 25, no 2, p. 6-27Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna studie undersöker vilka faktorer som bidrar till att yngre poliser i Sverige väljer att lämna yrket. Studien följer en kohort (N=717) av yngre poliser. Data från antagningen till polisutbildningen (T1-2008), efter ett års arbete (T2-2011) och efter sju års arbete (T3-2017) används för statistiska analyser baserade på en bred uppsättning variabler. Resultaten visar att förhållandevis få poliser lämnat yrket (7,4%) och att det finns få skillnader mellan de som stannat respektive lämnat yrket. Låg organisationssamhörighet efter ett års arbete var den enskilt starkaste prediktorn av frivillig uppsägning. Åtgärder som stärker organisationssamhörigheten tidigt i karriären bör därför prioriteras.

  • 19. Anund, Anna
    et al.
    Fors, Carina
    Hallvig, David
    Åkerstedt, Torbjörn
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Stress Research Institute.
    Kecklund, Göran
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Stress Research Institute.
    Observer Rated Sleepiness and Real Road Driving: An Explorative Study2013In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 8, no 5, article id e64782Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the present study was to explore if observer rated sleepiness (ORS) is a feasible method for quantification of driver sleepiness in field studies. Two measures of ORS were used: (1) one for behavioural signs based on facial expression, body gestures and body movements labelled B-ORS, and (2) one based on driving performance e.g. if swerving and other indicators of impaired driving occurs, labelled D-ORS. A limited number of observers sitting in the back of an experimental vehicle on a motorway about 2 hours repeatedly 3 times per day (before lunch, after lunch, at night) observed 24 participant's sleepiness level with help of the two observer scales. At the same time the participant reported subjective sleepiness (KSS), EOG was recorded (for calculation of blink duration) and several driving measure were taken and synchronized with the reporting. Based on mixed model Anova and correlation analysis the result showed that observer ratings of sleepiness based on drivers' impaired performance and behavioural signs are sensitive to extend the general pattern of time awake, circadian phase and time of driving. The detailed analysis of the subjective sleepiness and ORS showed weak correspondence on an individual level. Only 16% of the changes in KSS were predicted by the observer. The correlation between the observer ratings based on performance (D-ORS) and behavioural signs (B-ORS) are high (r = .588), and the B-ORS shows a moderately strong association (r = .360) with blink duration. Both ORS measures show an association (r>0.45) with KSS, whereas the association with driving performance is weak. The results show that the ORS-method detects the expected general variations in sleepy driving in field studies, however, sudden changes in driver sleepiness on a detailed level as 5 minutes is usually not detected; this holds true both when taking into account driving behaviour or driver behavioural signs.

  • 20.
    Anund, Anna
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Stress Research Institute. Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Linköping, Sweden; Rehabilitation Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Ihlström, Jonas
    Threats and violence towards urban bus drivers in Sweden: Drivers experiences and general recommendations to prevent violence and threats2022In: Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, ISSN 1051-9815, E-ISSN 1875-9270, Vol. 72, no 4, p. 1279-1287Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Approximately 30% of Swedish urban bus drivers report having been exposed to threats or violence. As 50% of drivers have voiced concerns about the occurrences, threats and violence also represent contributing factors to driver stress and fatigue. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore bus drivers' experience of threats and violence; how threats and violence manifests and how the problem is handled by drivers. Gaining understanding of the circumstances is important to reduce the number of threats and violent incidents to provide healthy and attractive working conditions for drivers. METHODS: This study is based on in-depth interviews with 12 urban bus drivers in the City of Malmö in Sweden. RESULTS: Urban bus drivers experience threats daily from passengers, although physical violence occurs less often. The most common situations resulting in threats involve asking passengers to show valid tickets, denying child carriages onboard and running late to a bus stop. The drivers have not received clear guidelines as to strategic handling of the invalid ticket situation. CONCLUSIONS: Recommendations include a clear policy and consensus with regard to handling invalid tickets, providing drivers with guidelines for appropriate procedures for passengers refusing to pay, improving reporting routines and establishing a strategy for the Public Transportation provider and operator to follow with regard to reports, in-vehicle surveillance cameras including informing passengers that they are being video recorded as well as harmonizing the location of alarm buttons on buses. 

  • 21.
    Aronsson, Gunnar
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. Arbets- och organisationspsykologi.
    Rörlighet, inlåsning och hälsa2007In: Rörlighet för ett dynamiskt arbetsliv: Lärdomar från Dynamoprogrammet, Vinnova , 2007Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 22.
    Aronsson, Gunnar
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Work and organizational psychology.
    Tillit2015In: Psykisk hälsa, ISSN 0033-3212, Vol. 56, no 3, p. 22-30Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 23.
    Aronsson, Gunnar
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Bejerot, Eva
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Brist på kollegialt inflytande urholkar lojalitet med chef och organisation ... men inte med patienterna2014In: Läkartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, E-ISSN 1652-7518, Vol. 111, p. CM9U-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    I en enkätstudie undersöktes relationen mellan läkares uppfattning om kollegialt inflytande och lojalitet, protest och sorti.

    Stark lojalitet med organisation och chef är 2–3 gånger vanligare bland dem som har stor tillgång till arenor för kollegialt inflytande. Lojaliteten med profession och patienter är stark och oberoende av tillgång till arenor.

    Bland dem som har stor tillgång till arenor anser 87 procent att de får gehör för synpunkter jämfört med 21 procent bland dem med liten tillgång. 

    Överväganden om att byta yrke, arbetsgivare eller arbetsplats är dubbelt så vanliga vid liten tillgång till arenor.

    Arbetsgivare som vill attrahera läkare måste ha arenor där läkarna får inflytande över verksamheten.

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  • 24.
    Aronsson, Gunnar
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Work and organizational psychology.
    Marklund, Staffan
    Sickness Presenteeism and Attendance-Pressure Factors2018In: Presenteeism at work / [ed] Cary L. Cooper, Luo LU, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018, p. 145-165Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 25.
    Arvonen, Jouko
    Stockholm University.
    Change, production and employees: an integrated model of leadership2002Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
  • 26.
    Astvik, Wanja
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. Mälardalen University, Sweden.
    Melin, Marika
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Allvin, Michael
    Uppsala University, Sweden.
    Survival strategies in social work: A study of how coping strategies affect service quality, professionalism and employee health2014In: Nordic Social Work Research, ISSN 2156-857X, E-ISSN 2156-8588, Vol. 4, no 1, p. 52-66Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The restructuring of human service organisations into more lean organisations has brought increased work demands for many human service professions. Social work stands out as a particularly exposed occupational group, in which high work demands are paired with a large individual responsibility to carry out the job. The objectives of the study were to identify what kind of coping strategies social workers employ to handle the imbalance between demands and resources in work and to investigate how different strategies affect outcomes regarding health, service quality and professional development. 16 individual interviews and four group interviews with another 16 social workers were conducted. The analysis identified five different main types of strategies: Compensatory, Demand-reducing, Disengagement, Voice and Exit. An extensive use of compensatory strategies was connected with negative outcomes in health. Often these compensatory strategies were replaced or combined with different means of reducing the work demands, which in turn influence performance and service quality in a negative way. The results highlight dilemmas the social workers are facing when the responsibility to deal with this imbalance are “decentralised” to the individual social worker. When resources do not match the organisational goals or quality standards, the social workers are forced into strategies that either endanger their own health or threaten the quality of service.

  • 27. Axelsson, Erland
    et al.
    Kern, Dorian
    Hedman-Lagerlöf, Erik
    Lindfors, Perjohan
    Palmgren, Josefin
    Hesser, Hugo
    Andersson, Erik
    Johansson, Robert
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Biological psychology.
    Olen, Ola
    Bonnert, Marianne
    Lalouni, Maria
    Ljotsson, Brjann
    Psychological treatments for irritable bowel syndrome: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis2023In: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, ISSN 1650-6073, E-ISSN 1651-2316, Vol. 52, no 6, p. 565-584Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A wide range of psychological treatments have been found to reduce the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) but their relative effects are unclear. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we determined the effects of psychological treatments for IBS, including subtypes of cognitive behavior therapy, versus attention controls. We searched 11 databases (March 2022) for studies of psychological treatments for IBS, reported in journal articles, books, dissertations, and conference abstracts. The resulting database comprised 9 outcome domains from 118 studies published in 1983–2022. Using data from 62 studies and 6496 participants, we estimated the effect of treatment type on improvement in composite IBS severity using random-effects meta-regression. In comparison with the attention controls, there was a significant added effect of exposure therapy (g = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.17–0.88) and hypnotherapy (g = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.06–0.67) when controlling for the pre- to post-assessment duration. When additional potential confounders were included, exposure therapy but not hypnotherapy retained a significant added effect. Effects were also larger with a longer duration, individual treatment, questionnaire (non-diary) outcomes, and recruitment outside of routine care. Heterogeneity was substantial. Tentatively, exposure therapy appears to be a particularly promising treatment for IBS. More direct comparisons in randomized controlled trials are needed. OSF.io identifier: 5yh9a.

  • 28.
    Azad, Azade
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Clinical psychology.
    Ginner Hau, Hanna
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Special Education.
    Karlsson, Markus
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Adolescent female offenders’ subjective experiences of how peers influence norm-breaking behavior2018In: Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, ISSN 0738-0151, E-ISSN 1573-2797, Vol. 35, no 3, p. 257-270Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Delinquent peers have a strong influence on adolescent delinquent behavior. However, few studies have investigated adolescents’, and in particular young females’, own perspectives of the role of peers on their delinquent behavior. The purpose of the present study was to explore how young female offenders described their delinquent behavior and more specifically the role they assign to peer relations in committing or avoiding delinquent acts. Nine female adolescents, sentenced to youth service, were interviewed, and the data was analyzed using the Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR) method. The results showed that committing crimes and taking drugs with peers were portrayed as a way for the female delinquents to socialize. Delinquent and pro-social activities with peers appear to serve similar developmental functions in the sense that it is described to fulfill the same developmental needs. The young offenders also described collectively created pressures and norms in the peer group as the main contributing factor to their norm-breaking behavior, where they described being both recipients and producers of influence in the group. Another important finding was that the female offenders showed an awareness of the importance of pro-social peers and the need to eliminate delinquent friends from their peer network in order to help them refrain from deviant behavior. Implications for prevention and intervention are discussed.

  • 29.
    Backlund, Yvonne
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Johansson, Anna
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Kompetenstransfer efter omställning i arbetslivet2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Kompetenstransfer handlar om att överföra sin kunskap och kompetensfrån en situation till en annan. Tidigare forskning har belyst transfer i en utbildningskontext men inte i en kontext av arbetsbyten. Syftet med studien var att se om variablerna: self-efficacy, karriärplanering, samt personlighetsdraget samvetsgrannhet har ett samband medkompetenstransfer i en kontext av omställning och byte av arbete. Studien genomfördes med hjälp av en webbaserad enkätundersökning och urvalet bestod av 62 personer som erhölls av ett omställningsföretag. Resultatet från en hierarkisk regressionsanalys visade att karriärplaneringsvariabeln karriärbyte hade ett signifikant samband med kompetenstransfer; personer som inte bytt bransch upplever mer kompetenstransfer än de som bytt bransch. Denna studie fann inte att variablerna samvetsgrannhet och self-efficacy var viktiga för kompetenstransfer vid arbetsbyten. Flera studier med ett större underlag behövs för att kunna dra mer pålitliga slutsatser huruvida dessa variabler spelar roll eller inte.

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  • 30.
    Backlund, Åsa
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work.
    Elevhälsoarbete i grundskolan - resurser och organisation2009In: Psykolog i skolan / [ed] Elinor Schad, Lund: Studentlitteratur, 2009, 1:1, p. 21-34Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 31.
    Bejnö, Hampus
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Special Education.
    Early intervention and autism: Improving preschool program quality for children with autism spectrum disorder receiving Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention using the Autism Program Environment Rating Scale (APERS)2021Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The quality of the learning environment in preschool is of significant importance for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, very limited research has addressed how this environment can be improved. In regard to early intervention, most previous studies have primarily focused on child characteristics, and intervention content and quantity, rather than the broader learning environment in which interventions are delivered. Thus, the overall aim of this thesis was to study the quality of the learning environment for children with ASD. In particular, the focus was on children who receive Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI) in community-based Swedish preschools, using the Autism Program Environment Rating Scale (APERS). Within this framework, three studies were conducted.

    In study 1, we translated, culturally adapted, and systematically assessed the content validity of APERS, a rating scale designed to assess the program quality for children with ASD in educational settings. In the process, the scale was modified to make the instrument as relevant as possible for the Swedish preschool context, and re-named APERS-P-SE. Nine experts rated the clarity and comprehensiveness of the individual items, as well as the relevance of the scale in its entirety. In study 2, we evaluated APERS-P-SE as the foundation for professional development for preschool staff working with children with ASD receiving EIBI, to promote preschool learning environment quality (primary outcome), and outcomes for autistic children, and preschool staff (secondary outcomes). Using a quasi-experimental design, preschool staff either implemented EIBI enriched by in-service training and on-site coaching based on APERS-P-SE assessments (k = 9), or EIBI only (k = 8) during 8 months. A total of 17 children and 35 preschool staff participated, across 17 preschools. In study 3, individual interviews and focus-group interviews were conducted with preschool staff, preschool principals, habilitation supervisors, and parents to children with ASD who had participated in study 2 and received the APERS-P-SE-based intervention. Through these interviews, the different groups of stakeholders provided their thoughts about what they found to be the most important aspects of preschool programs for autistic children who receive EIBI, and their opinions and experiences of participating in study 2.

     Study 1 demonstrated a high level of content validity for the Swedish version of the APERS. In study 2, the EIBI/APERS-P-SE preschools significantly improved their learning environment, compared to the preschools that received EIBI only. Outcomes for autistic children and preschool staff did not differ significantly between the groups, despite positive descriptive findings. In study 3, four themes were identified as being key aspects of preschool programs with high quality to promote optimal development of children with ASD: (1) staff’s competence, (2) children’s inclusion and participation, (3) collaboration, and (4) learning environment. Overall, the stakeholders described the APERS-P-SE-based model as helpful in improving children’s participation, preschool staff’s engagement with the child, and optimizing child outcomes.

    Taken together, the results indicate that APERS-P-SE is an instrument with a high level of content validity, and that it can be used in combination with in-service training and on-site coaching to improve preschool program quality for children with ASD.

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  • 32.
    Bejnö, Hampus
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Special Education.
    Bölte, Sven
    Linder, Nina
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Special Education.
    Långh, Ulrika
    Odom, Samuel L
    Roll-Pettersson, Lise
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Special Education.
    From Someone Who May Cause Trouble to Someone You Can Play With: Stakeholders' Perspectives on Preschool Program Quality for Autistic Children2022In: Journal of autism and developmental disorders, ISSN 0162-3257, E-ISSN 1573-3432, Vol. 52, no 9, p. 3890-3908Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In Sweden, young autistic children typically attend community-based preschool programs, which may not be adapted to their needs. In the current study, stakeholders to autistic children receiving Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention were interviewed following a quasi-randomized study (#NCT03634761) aimed at improving the preschool program quality using the Swedish version of the Autism Program Environment Rating Scale (APERS). Stakeholders provided their perceptions and experiences concerning key factors for high quality preschool programs as well as well as their experiences of the abovementioned APERS study. Applying thematic analysis, stakeholder groups differed in what they emphasized, but all highlighted staff’s competence, children’s inclusion and participation, collaboration, and the learning environment as key program areas that had been positively influenced by the APERS-based intervention.

  • 33.
    Bejnö, Hampus
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Special Education.
    Bölte, Sven
    Roll-Pettersson, Lise
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Special Education.
    Using a competency based model to improve prerequisites for implementation of EIBI: Insights and perspectives from Sweden2019Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    A prerequisite for effective implementation of early intensive behavioral interventions is a high quality learning environment. However, research to date suggests that the learning environment in community based Swedish preschools is not optimal for children with ASD. A brief overview of the Swedish early intervention support system will be followed by a description of the cultural adaption of the Autism Program Environment Rating Scale (APERS-PE). Furthermore, an ongoing comparative study involving 17 preschools will be described. All participating preschools have children enrolled in EIBI preschool programs, entailing that paraprofessionals and parents obtain supervision at habilitation centers. In addition preschool staff in the study’s experimental group receive monthly on-site coaching, and in-service training on evidence based practices and autism. Outcome measures include pre-post APERS-PE assessments, child engagement and adaptive behavior, and staff knowledge and self-efficacy. Preliminary findings indicate increased learning environment quality in the study’s experimental group as rated by APERS-PE.

  • 34.
    Bejnö, Hampus
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Special Education.
    Roll-Pettersson, Lise
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Special Education.
    Klintwall Högberg, Lars
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Clinical psychology.
    Långh, Ulrika
    Odom, Samuel L.
    Bölte, Sven
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Special Education.
    Adapting the Preschool Environment to the Needs of Children on the Autism Spectrum in Sweden: A quasi-experimental study2023In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, ISSN 1103-8128, E-ISSN 1651-2014, Vol. 30, no 3, p. 278-297Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND Children on the autism spectrum may receive Early Intensive Behavioural Intervention (EIBI) in Sweden to support development by providing learning opportunities. However, research suggests a need to improve the quality of their learning environment.

    AIM This pre-registered study (#NCT03634761) aimed to evaluate the Swedish Autism Program Environment Rating Scale (APERS-P-SE) as a means to promote the quality of the pre-school learning environment for children on the autism spectrum, along with outcomes for these children, and their pre-school staff.

    MATERIAL AND METHODS In a quasi-experimental study, pre-school staff (n = 35) conducted either EIBI supported by in-service training and on-site coaching based on APERS-P-SE assessment (at k = 9 preschools) or EIBI only (k = 8), during an 8-months period.

    RESULTS The quality of the immediate learning environment (primary outcome) increased significantly in the EIBI/APERS-P-SE preschools. However, changes in child and pre-school staff measures were not significant.

    CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE In-service training and on-site coaching based on APERS-P-SE assessments can increase the quality of the learning environment in Swedish pre-school. Studies of longer duration and larger sample size are required to determine if using the APERS-P-SE can also achieve desired behavioural change for children-, and impact pre-school staff applying EIBI.

  • 35.
    Bejnö, Hampus
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Special Education.
    Roll-Pettersson, Lise
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Special Education.
    Klintwall, Lars
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Clinical psychology.
    Långh, Ulrika
    Odom, Samuel L.
    Bölte, Sven
    Cross-Cultural Content Validity of the Autism Program Environment Rating Scale in Sweden2019In: Journal of autism and developmental disorders, ISSN 0162-3257, E-ISSN 1573-3432, Vol. 49, no 5, p. 1853-1862Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Increasing rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and younger age at diagnosis pose a challenge to preschool intervention systems. In Sweden, most young autistic children receive intervention service in community-based preschool programs, but no tool is yet available to assess the quality of the preschool learning environment. This study adapted the Autism Program Environment Rating Scale Preschool/Elementary to Swedish community context (APERS-P-SE). Following translation and a multistep modification process, independent experts rated the content validity of the adaptation. Findings indicate high cross-cultural validity of the adapted APERS-P-SE. The cultural adaption process of the APERS-P-SE highlights similarities and differences between the American and Swedish preschool systems and their impact on early ASD intervention.

  • 36.
    Bejnö, Hampus
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Special Education.
    Roll-Pettersson, Lise Renat
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Special Education.
    Klintwall, Lars
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Långh, Ulrika
    Odom, Samuel L.
    Bolte, Sven
    Cross-Cultural Content Validity of the Autism Program Environment Rating Scale in Sweden2019Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Increasing rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and younger age at diagnosis pose a challenge to preschool intervention systems. In Sweden, most young autistic children receive intervention service in community-based preschool programs, but no tool is yet available to assess the quality of the preschool learning environment. This study adapted the Autism Program Environment Rating Scale Preschool/Elementary to Swedish community context (APERS-P-SE). Following translation and a multistep modification process, independent experts rated the content validity of the adaptation. Findings indicate high cross-cultural validity of the adapted APERS-P-SE. The cultural adaption process of the APERS-P-SE highlights similarities and differences between the American and Swedish preschool systems and their impact on early ASD intervention.

  • 37.
    Berg, Ida
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Hovne, Vera
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Bra jobbat!: Uppmuntran, bekräftelse och personligt tilltal i en internetbaserad KBT-behandling för unga med depression2020Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Internetbaserad kognitiv beteendeterapi (iKBT) är en effektiv och snabbt växnade behandlingsform, som fortfarande är relativt lite beforskad. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur internetterapeuters kommunikation med klienter kan se ut, med data från en behandlingsstudie för unga med depression. Meddelanden från fem behandlingar med gott utfall analyserades med tematisk analys (TA). Studien fokuserade på terapeutbeteendena uppmuntra och bekräfta, samt hur terapeuter använder personligt tilltal. Analysen resulterade i sammanlagt tolv teman. Diskussionen visar hur temana skapar ett övergripande mönster där behandlingen beskrivs som ett hårt arbete, vilket kräver en stark klient, som förväntas bli motiverad av terapeuten. Fynden diskuteras också utifrån behandligens teoretiska grund, tidigare forskning kring terapeutbeteenden samt det faktum att behandligen ges över internet.

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    Berg Hovne Bra jobbat
  • 38. Berg, M.
    et al.
    Johansson, S.
    Liljetörn, L.
    Rozental, Alexander
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Clinical psychology.
    Toopoco, N.
    Andersson, G.
    The role of knowledge in Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for adolescent depression: Results from a randomized controlled trial2017Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 39. Bergsten, Katja
    Lindert, Patrik (Contributor)
    Pettersson, Kristoffer (Contributor)
    Hellquist, Linda (Contributor)
    Almebäck, Lasse (Contributor)
    Affektfokuserad psykodynamisk terapi: teori, empiri och praktik2015Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 40.
    Bergström, Jan
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Les nouvelles thérapies par Internet2013In: RESET – Recherches en Sciences Sociales sur Internet, ISSN 2264-6221, no 2, p. 130-149Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [fr]

    Cet article propose une synthèse du développement scientifique du traitement psychologique par Internet, en explicitant et discutant ses traits caractéristiques. L’auteur y compare ce type de soin avec la psychothérapie traditionnelle et dessine les enjeux que revêtent les traitements sur Internet dans le champ de la psychothérapie; avant tout au niveau théorique mais aussi au niveau pratique. Plus précisément, il met en évidence les nombreux facteurs indiquant que les thérapies utilisant Internet constituent, cent ans après la naissance de la discipline, un défi profond et durable pour la psychothérapie.

  • 41.
    Bergström, Jan
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Andersson, Gerhard
    Karlsson, Andreas
    Andréewitch, Sergej
    Rück, Christian
    Carlbring, Per
    Lindefors, Nils
    An open study of the effectiveness of Internet treatment for panic disorder delivered in a psychiatric setting2009In: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, ISSN 0803-9488, E-ISSN 1502-4725, Vol. 63, no 1, p. 44-50Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 42.
    Bergström, Jan
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Andersson, Gerhard
    Ljótsson, Brjánn
    Rück, Christian
    Andréewitch, Sergej
    Karlsson, Andreas
    Carlbring, Per
    Andersson, Erik
    Lindefors, Nils
    Internet-versus group-administered cognitive behaviour therapy for panic disorder in a psychiatric setting: a randomised trial2010In: BMC Psychiatry, E-ISSN 1471-244X, Vol. 10, p. 54-63Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 43.
    Bernhard-Oettel, Claudia
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Rigotti, Thomas
    Clinton, Michael
    de Jong, Jeroen
    Job insecurity and well-being in the temporary workforce: Testing volition and contract expectations as boundary conditions2013In: European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, ISSN 1359-432X, E-ISSN 1464-0643, Vol. 22, no 2, p. 203-217Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigates whether temporary contract volition and workers' expectations for contract renewal are boundary conditions to explain differences in temporary workers' job insecurity feelings and well-being. It is hypothesized that (1) low volition through higher job insecurity indirectly associates with lower well-being and that (2) temporary workers' expectations of contract renewal weakens the links between both low volition and high job insecurity and high job insecurity and impaired well-being. Results based on an international data set of 1755 temporary workers employed in the education, manufacturing, and service sectors supported the first hypothesis and partly also the second. More specifically, low preferences for temporary contracts associated via higher job insecurity with lower job satisfaction, impaired health, and higher irritation. Contract expectations placed a boundary condition upon this indirect relation; however, the negative association between high job insecurity and impaired well-being was not weakened but strengthened. In conclusion, particularly temporary workers with low contract volition and high job insecurity feelings, who have high expectations for contract renewal are at risk for impaired well-being. Hence, this study sheds light onto the question how volition for temporary work and expected contract renewal relate to job insecurity and associate with individual well-being.

  • 44.
    Berntson, Erik
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Work and organizational psychology.
    Bernhard-Oettel, Claudia
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Work and organizational psychology.
    Christensen, Marit
    Clausen, Thomas
    Mauno, Saija
    The Launch of a New Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology2016In: Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, E-ISSN 2002-2867, Vol. 1, no 1, p. 1-2Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 45.
    Berntson, Erik
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Work and organizational psychology.
    Bernhard-Oettel, Claudia
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Work and organizational psychology.
    Hellgren, Johnny
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Work and organizational psychology.
    Näswall, Katharina
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Work and organizational psychology. University of Canterbury, New Zealand.
    Sverke, Magnus
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Work and organizational psychology.
    Enkätmetodik2016Book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Enkätmetodik ger såväl teoretisk som praktisk kunskap om enkätundersökningar från att identifiera ett problem och formulera lämpliga frågor, till att analysera och tolka resultatet. Boken har ett evidensbaserat perspektiv där läsaren får lära sig olika verktyg som bidrar till undersökningens tillförlitlighet.

    Fokus ligger på metodiken, som förklaras och sätts in i sitt sammanhang med hjälp av många exempel, faktarutor och tydliga beskrivningar. Läsaren får således god förståelse för centrala områden såsom mätteori, reliabilitet, validitet och faktoranalys.

  • 46.
    Berntson, Erik
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Marklund, Staffan
    The relationship between perceived employability and subsequent health2007In: Work & Stress, ISSN 1464-5335, Vol. 21, no 3, p. 279-292Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Being capable of getting new employment may enable an employee to cope with turbulent situations or deteriorating job conditions. Individuals who have higher perceived employability are likely to appraise a situation at work more favourably, and consequently experience better health and wellbeing. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between perceived employability and subsequent health, while controlling for baseline health, background factors, and work environment exposures. The study is based on 53 items in the National Working Life Cohort in Sweden from two data collections (2004 and 2005), comprising 1918 individuals. Forced entry hierarchical regression analysis showed that, after controlling for demographics, psychological demands, control, and ergonomic exposures, perceived employability was positively associated with global health and mental well-being, but unrelated to physical complaints. When baseline health status was added, perceived employability was still a significant predictor of two out of three outcome variables. Individuals with higher perceived employability had a tendency to report better health and well-being a year later. It is concluded that how an employee perceives his or her possibilities in regard to acquiring new employment is relevant for well-being at a later stage. Perceived employability, which has been little studied before, is therefore a useful concept in health promotion, both at the individual and at the organizational level.

  • 47. Bjaastad, Jon Fauskanger
    et al.
    Haugland, Bente Storm Mowatt
    Fjermestad, Krister W.
    Torsheim, Torbjorn
    Havik, Odd E.
    Heiervang, Einar R.
    Öst, Lars-Goran
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Clinical psychology. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Competence and Adherence Scale for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CAS-CBT) for Anxiety Disorders in Youth: Psychometric Properties2016In: Psychological Assessment, ISSN 1040-3590, E-ISSN 1939-134X, Vol. 28, no 8, p. 908-916Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Competence and Adherence Scale for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CAS-CBT). The CAS-CBT is an 11-item scale developed to measure adherence and competence in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders in youth. A total of 181 videotapes from the treatment sessions in a randomized controlled effectiveness trial (Wergeland et al., 2014) comprising youth (N = 182, M age = 11.5 years, SD = 2.1, range 8-15 years, 53% girls, 90.7% Caucasian) with mixed anxiety disorders were assessed with the CAS-CBT to investigate interitem correlations, internal consistency, and factor structure. Internal consistency was good (Cronbach's alpha = .87). Factor analysis suggested a 2-factor solution with Factor 1 representing CBT structure and session goals (explaining 46.9% of the variance) and Factor 2 representing process and relational skills (explaining 19.7% of the variance). The sum-score for adherence and competence was strongly intercorrelated, r = .79, p < .001. Novice raters (graduate psychology students) obtained satisfactory accuracy (ICC > .40, n = 10 videotapes) and also good to excellent interrater reliability when compared to expert raters (ICC = .83 for adherence and .64 for competence, n = 26 videotapes). High rater stability was also found (n = 15 videotapes). The findings suggest that the CAS-CBT is a reliable measure of adherence and competence in manualized CBT for anxiety disorders in youth. Further research is needed to investigate the validity of the scale and psychometric properties when used with other treatment programs, disorders and treatment formats.

  • 48.
    Björk, Lisa
    et al.
    Univ Gothenburg, Dept Sociol & Work Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Bejerot, Eva
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Jacobshagen, Nicola
    Univ Bern, Inst Psychol, Bern, Switzerland.
    Harenstam, Annika
    Univ Gothenburg, Dept Sociol & Work Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    I shouldn't have to do this: Illegitimate tasks as a stressor in relation to organizational control and resource deficits2013In: Work & Stress, ISSN 0267-8373, E-ISSN 1464-5335, Vol. 27, no 3, p. 262-277Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The performance of tasks that are perceived as unnecessary or unreasonable - illegitimate tasks - represents a new stressor concept that refers to assignments that violate the norms associated with the role requirements of professional work. Research has shown that illegitimate tasks are associated with stress and counterproductive work behaviour. The purpose of this study was to provide insight into the contribution of characteristics of the organization on the prevalence of illegitimate tasks in the work of frontline and middle managers. Using the Bern Illegitimate Task Scale (BITS) in a sample of 440 local government operations managers in 28 different organizations in Sweden, this study supports the theoretical assumptions that illegitimate tasks are positively related to stress and negatively related to satisfaction with work performance. Results further show that 10% of the variance in illegitimate tasks can be attributed to the organization where the managers work. Multilevel referential analysis showed that the more the organization was characterized by competition for resources between units, unfair and arbitrary resource allocation and obscure decisional structure, the more illegitimate tasks managers reported. These results should be valuable for strategic-level management since they indicate that illegitimate tasks can be counteracted by means of the organization of work.

  • 49.
    Blom, Victoria
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Contingent self-esteem, stressors and burnout in working women and men2012In: Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, ISSN 1051-9815, E-ISSN 1875-9270, Vol. 43, no 2, p. 123-131Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: A high work involvement is considered central in the burnout process. Yet, research investigating how high work involvement and psychosocial stressors relate to burnout is scarce. High involvement in terms of performance-based self-esteem (PBSE) refers to individuals’ strivings to validate self-worth by achievements, a disposition linked to poor health. The aim of the present study was to examine longitudinally PBSE in relation to burnout while also taking into account work- and private life stressors. Participants: The sample consisted of 2121 working women and men. Methods: Main- and mediation effects were investigated using hierarchical regression analysis. Results: The results showed performance-based self-esteem mediated partially between the stressors and burnout. Performance-based self-esteem was the strongest predictor of burnout over time, followed by private life stressors. Women experienced more work stress than did men. Men had stronger associations between work stressors and burnout, while women had stronger associations between performance-based self-esteem and burnout. Conclusions: Individual characteristics along with both private life and work stressors are important predictors of burnout. Factors associated with burnout differ somewhat between women and men.

  • 50.
    Boalt Boethius, Siv
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Education.
    Handledningens utformning i relation till mål och ramvillkor.: Några likheter och skillnader mellan psykoterapihandledning och forskarhandledning.2005In: Matrix, Vol. 22, p. 420-437Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    In research as well as psychotherapy and psychoanalysis there is a long tradition of supervision. Both types of supervision involve acquiring a new professional identity. The aim of the article is to describe and discuss similarities and differences related to the different aims of the two training programmes. One starting point is that the frames for the training as a doctoral student has recently been changed in Sweden. When a doctoral student is accepted to a doctoral programme, the university department has a responsibility for that the students they accept have a financially secure situation, according to certain criteria. This has involved a sometimes radical change in the frames of the doctoral programs and the importance of the supervision as one of the most important parts has become evident. It could therefore be of interest to compare the conditions for supervision in relation to research training with the conditions for supervision in another field such as in a psychotherapy training program. Maybe the two training programmes could learn from each other. The article is based on litterature and on experiences of my own from both areas of work.

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