Vad kan högskolorna göra för att finansiera forskning i framtiden? Är nya universitet och regionala högskolor beroende av regionala medel för att utveckla forskning ochforskarutbildning? I denna rapport undersöks ett urval högskoleenheter: 1) nya universitet, 2) högskolor som tilldelats vetenskapsområde, samt 3) högskolor som etablerats efter 1996. Sammantaget ingår tre universitet och sju högskolor i undersökningen där finansiering av forskning och forskarutbildning granskas på detaljnivå. Med avseende på forskning och forskarutbildning har högskolorna expanderat snabbt sedan fem år tillbaka. Deras externa forskningsmedel är fortsatt viktiga trots att den statliga direktfinansieringen i flera fall har ökat med 150 procent. Endast 40-45 procent är direkta statliga anslag till forskning och forskarutbildning, vilket jämfört med UoH-sektorn i sin helhet utgör en något lägre andel. Resultaten pekar mot att högskolorna i urvalet i många fall är starkt anknutna till sina regioner. Detta antyds av den höga andelen medel från svenska företag samt från kommuner och landsting. Enligt beräkningarna i rapporten bör drygt tio procent av de totala medlen komma från sådana källor år 2001. Innebörden av detta är att drygt en femtedel av de externa FoU-medlen har någon form av lokal eller regional anknytning. Utöver detta kan noteras att medel från de nya forskningsstiftelserna visar sig vara av stor betydelse och dessa samvarierar i stor utsträckning med de lokala och regionala medlen. Vidare indikerar rapporten att det finns ett starkt samband mellan vetenskapsområde och regional anknytning. De högskolor och universitet som arbetar inom tekniskt vetenskapsområde har en stark och betydande anknytning till regionala forskningsbeställare. Sådan inriktning är samtidigt en konkurrensfördel vad gäller KK-stiftelsens medel. I ett tentativt index som prövas i rapportens andra del konstateras att tre högskoleenheter förtjänar att lyftas fram som framgångsrika i sin regionala samverkan: Mälardalens högskola, Malmö högskola och Karlstads universitet. Dessa har höga andelar FoU-medel från såväl den kommunala sektorn som svenska företag. Rapporten inleds med en problematiserande genomgång som visar att forskning för att vara användbar för företag och kommuner behöver arbeta mot excellens. Internationellt sett starka forskare och forskarmiljöer erbjuder goda samarbetsmöjligheter. Detta fordrar långsiktighet och uthållig forskningsfinansiering. Om de öronmärkta resurser som hittills kanaliserats till nya universitet och högskolor i en framtid kommer att bli mer konkurrensutsatta fordras strategier för att fokusera och koncentrera forskningsmedel. KK-stiftelsens satsningar förefaller ha gått i den riktningen. Frågan är om de regionala forskningsbeställarna kan arbeta i samma riktning?

This article contains the text and discussion of a debate held at the IUAES World Congress in Anthropology at Manchester University in 2013. The motion was proposed by Bela Feldman-Bianco (State University of Campinas), seconded by Noel Salazar (University of Leuven) and was opposed by Shahram Khosravi (Stockholm University), seconded by Nicholas de Genova (then at Goldsmiths' College). The debate was chaired by Simone Abram (Durham University).

This thesis focuses on the dynamics of care in the transnational lives of Ecuadorian migrant women in Spain. It is concerned with the various forms of care that take shape and are sustained in the workplace, between friends, and among family members in Ecuador and Spain. Ultimately, it sheds light on how care is mobilised to sustain ideals of solidarity at work as well as togetherness in transnational life. The thesis is set against the background of the economic and political crisis in Ecuador of the late 1990s and early 2000s, which resulted not only in the dollarization of the economy and the removal of the country’s president, but in a dramatic shift of traditional male migration from the southern highlands to the United States, to a new wave of largely middle class female migration to Western Europe, especially Spain. Women from across the country left their children, spouses and elderly parents behind to work in domestic and care jobs abroad. In Ecuador, this disturbed the dominant cultural imaginary of the co-habitating and united family, centred on the presence of the woman as mother and wife. In light of this, the thesis engages with women’s dilemmas in giving and receiving care during years of absence, the role of family members, friends and domestic workers in this process, and the development of long-term goals focused on remittances, reunification, return, and the ultimate goal of creating a better future. Most generally, while challenging a series of dichotomies between love and money, home and work, gift and commodity—which have structured academic discussions concerning the feminization of international migration—the thesis describes the intimate relationship between women’s participation in the gift economy and a global labour market through the lens of care relationships.

In the last five years, alien lionfish, pufferfish, rabbitfish and sea urchins have proliferated in southern Crete. They are part of the 600 alien marine species that have entered the Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal. Vibrant imperial debris and afterlives of global shipping, the tropical fishes are transforming ecologies across the sea. In this presentation, I delve into feelings of hope and despair when it comes to these processes. I conceptualize my interlocutors’ apocalyptic mindset and its concomitant ethics (which alarmingly is reflected in current biodiversity agendas) as a form of ‘cruel environmentalism’ to zoom into two rather different forms of cruelty. First, this mindset relies on necropolitics, advocating the killing of migrant species to save native ecologies. In this case, the solution to goes via the belly and 'invasivorism', i.e. the devouring of invasive species. Awareness campaigns inform consumers to “eat responsibly” by putting aliens on the menu. Marine biologists underline that endemic fishes need to cultivate a taste for alien inhabitants, turning invasivorism into a multispecies ‘responsibility.’ Second, this environmentalism is a form of ‘cruel optimism’ because of its futility. At its core, Laurent Berland (2011) explains, a psychological or emotional attachment is cruel when your desire (or the object of your desire) turns into an obstacle for your flourishing. The seascapes my interlocutors yearn for and seek to protect are not only landscapes of the past, they are idealized frozen memories of ecologies that only existed for a sliver of time (Kirsey 2015).

In 2008, Egyptian newspapers reported eight members of a family dead after consuming a meal of seafood (Ali 2008) in the Egyptian city of Alexandria. Located on the southern shores of the Mediterranean Sea and home to one of Egypt’s largest fishing ports, Alexandria is famous for its many seafood markets and restaurants. Everyone visits Alexandria to eat fish and so in this regard, the family did nothing out of the ordinary. But the tragedy was bewildering. A sea creature of such poisonous potency was not to be found in the sea; if it were, it would be well-known and infamous. After centuries of cohabitation with the sea and fish consumption, fishermen and fishmongers know which fish are tasty and edible and, indeed, which fish are poisonous and potentially lethal. Was it some kind of sea monster? The culprit was a bulky silver-dotted pufferfish (Lagocephalus sceleratus), an alien species and newcomer to this part of the world. Native to the Indian Ocean, the pufferfish is only one of over 600 species that have drifted north through the Suez Canal from the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. More will come. While the Suez Canal has been open for some 150 years, it is only in the last decades, due to dredging and enlargement of the passageway, that the influx of species is changing Mediterranean marine worlds fundamentally. New species keep on appearing, old species perish. In this roundtable, I will talk about cultural memories and current affects among people living with a sea that is changing beyond recognition. Based on research in the Eastern Mediterranean Basin, it dwells on people’s shifting relation to the Sea, people who are witnesses and adjusting to one of the world’s largest species transformations.

This paper outlines how the concept stagecraft emerged as a productive analytic to understand the intricate politics of tourism capitalism, image curation, and rule by appearances during Hosni Mubarak’s presidency. This governance mimicked the logic of the tourism business and the industry’s dependence on appearance, images and imaginaries. Cultural heritage and tourism have long permeated Egyptian nation-building (Colla 2007), but only in the 1990s did tourism become an industry of economic importance on a mass scale: international arrivals went from two million visitors to fifteen;revenues from U.S. $380 million to 6.4 billion. Scholars have analyzed the conditions of this expansion (Hazbun 2007, Steiner 2010). My doctoral research, based on extensive fieldwork with tourist bureaucrats, marketing experts, and tourist workers in 2011-2013, instead turns attention to its effects: What influence did the tourism sector assert on power and statecraft in Egypt during the Mubarak era? What types of politics did it enable? What actions and visions did it foster among state actors and ordinary people? My findings suggest that by 2010, tourism was not only a successful business; it had become an integral mode of a kind of governance that mimicked the logic of the industry itself. The paper details how stagecraft through tourism worked at different levels. The ever-growing bank of romantic and stylized tourist images were employed as a means to promote particular visions of the regime, the nation and its future. The Red Sea resorts and the hosting of high-profile diplomatic meetings in Sharm el-Sheikh staged a liberal, wealthy and beautiful version of the country for Western audiences. Simultaneously, tourism provided opportunities for increased state control in previously peripheral regions (Sinai, the northern coast and the oases). I also show how the tourist gaze became a predominant mode of imagining the nation and ruling the citizens. Images of "touristy Egypt" resonated among the population, because it concretized the country's “potential” beyond present misrule. Tourism awareness campaigns further solicited citizens to curate the image of Egypt in front of the world, displaying certain sides (monuments, the Egyptian Museum and beaches) and hiding others (poverty, misrule and pollution). In 2011, tourism was Egypt’s outward face. The future looked bright. But the revolution would destroy the scene of Mubarak’s stagecraft. But his fall also marked the end of rule by appearance. Since then, audacity, boldness and post-truth have taken over the stage.

This first presentation introduces the themes and conceptualisation of the panel. 

If anthropology were to burn, the sea is already on fire. Due to warming water, oceans are experiencing mass exodus of marine life and species “out of place.” While mobile species and migrant humans claim rights to belong elsewhere via the ocean, states, corporations, and environmental organizations lay their own claims: as a space of movement, capital accumulation, extractivism, and sea-grabbing, the sea becomes the front stage for new forms of expansion, control and bordering practices. Focusing on disparate movements currently unfolding in our oceans: human and non-human mobility, sea grabs, and their concomitant regulations, this panel traces nativist, capitalist and colonial legacies in anthropology and beyond.

Approached as archives of the past, oceanscapes and sealives provide new stories about the world we inherited from the colonial era. Through this colonial framework, early anthropology was dominated by a terracentric and anthropocentric gaze, viewing humans and non-humans as sedentary subjects. While the 1990s “mobility turn” challenged this paradigm when it came to humans, oceans continued to be treated as transit spaces, not as social worlds made up by moving people and sea creatures. Water cannot easily be fenced, owned, territorialized or captured. A focus on attempts to regulate and control the sea, mobilites and resources through governance or ocean grabs teaches us how the logics of capture and control underpinning colonialism and capitalism have been premised on the qualities of land, and are being rescripted for the element of water.

No time to waste. The predicaments of the third-tier academic track are daunting: a heavy teaching-load as you get the classes no one else wants to teach, expectations to teach already designed courses with little introduction as to the logic behind the curriculums, and little possibility to influence literature lists or courses since short-term employees are not part of the departmental board. You are expected to behave like a teaching-machine. exceeds the stated hours in your contract, the teaching-gig ends up eating up the precious time that you have for publications and research applications. And it really doesn’t matter, because you spend most of your hours on cumbersome job applications that have inflated in absurdum: how did we end up in a system where a job application can take up to a week to prepare?

The third-tier precarious academic could be understood as the ultimate hustler from the university underground as they navigate these conditions. But why don’t precarious academics revolt or give up? That is the most puzzling question, given that a permanent position still entails significant workload and a pay that is lower compared to the private sector. Improvisation hinges upon imagination and creativity. Overwork, overstress and exhaustion severely undermine the capacities for imaginative play and thinking outside the box; and so does being a teaching machine. Has our imagination been stifled to such a degree that we only improvise and hustle within the limited frames of the iron tower? 

This talk thinks through multispecies invasivorism (eating invasive species) and the politics of eating in the context of alien marine species in the waters of Crete. In the last five years, alien lionfish, pufferfish, rabbitfish and sea urchins have proliferated in southern Crete. They are part of the 600 Lessepsian species, i.e. alien marine species entering the Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal, which are now transforming local marine ecologies. Why these changes are unfolding now, 150 years after the opening of the canal, is a complex story of entangled human, biological and geological processes. My current research project explores the unruly environmental afterlife of the Suez Canal on land and under the surface through ethnographic work with humans and fishes across the Eastern Mediterranean Basin. 

In Crete, invasivorism is increasingly being advocated as a solution for controlling alien populations in the future. Awareness campaigns inform people to “eat responsibly” by putting aliens on the menu. But invasivorism extends beyond human appetites. Marine biologists underline the need for endemic fishes to cultivate a taste for alien inhabitants. This is challenging. Fishes’ learning processes are little-known and local species have highly specialized feeding habits. In contrast to their distinguished taste, alien species are understood to undermine the food chain by “eat everything: juveniles, fishermen’s catch and each other.” Is their unsatisfiable appetite crude cannibalism or diligent invasivorism? To disentangle the meanings and politics assigned to more-than-human eating in this case, I think through concepts like distinction, gluttony, food chains and belonging.

'The un/selfish' leader explores notions of selfishness, as they were perceived by people in the village of Ekkaraiyur, Tamil Nadu, India, at a time they associated with thorough changes in their lives.

Discussing locally held notions about agrarian change, seen as causing the erosion of earlier village loyalties and leading to the emergence of a new type of leaders, the study focus on the censure of the alleged corruption of these leaders. Expressed in a rich repertoire of stories about the ideals of leadership and about the excellence of the past and foreign societies, the censure was routinely voiced in public debates and in everyday conversations.

Set against a background an increasing role of the state for the people in Ekkaraiyur, the censure of leaders implied a critique of the contemporary society they were taken to represent. Moreover, the study argues that the critique was grounded in evaluations of individualism and selfishness in human nature.

The study is based on fieldwork carried out in Ekkaraiyur between 1988 and 1990

As a response to editors Adrian Franklin and Mike Crang’s outline of ‘the trouble with tourism and travel theory’, this article sketches some further troubles. It is argued that researchers have adopted modernist spatio-temporal distinctions that reproduce a singularity of the Tourist-as-Westerner. Meanwhile non-Westerners are mostly seen as immobile pre-modern participants of Western tourism. As non-Western tourism involves considerably more people than Western tourism, tourism theories on the whole do not necessarily fit most tourists of the world today, and they may even serve to re-enforce the global geopolitical hierarchy. Illustrated with ethnographic examples from Vietnam, it is suggested that a radical questioning of autocentric spatio-temporal distinctions is needed to arrive at a more heterogeneous and complex view of both modernity and tourism. While this will open up the field of inquiry, a sensitivity to socio-cultural diversities and, more importantly, global inequalities and the situated knowledge production is needed.

With the introduction of the reform project doi moi in 1986, Vietnam turned to tourism as a major new economic resource. Demands from international visitors have entailed a commodification of the Vietnam War. This article approaches tourism as an ideologically saturated nexus where identities and worldviews are continuously being represented, consumed, reconfirmed, negotiated and modified. Practices and narrations of Western backpackers, who travel to Vietnam spurred by phantasms of Vietnam as a war, are related to discourses of Vietnam in tourism literature, popular media, academia, journalism and politics, and traced to a `popcolonial' fantasy of Western superiority. At the core are the hegemonic implications the `been there, done that' cliché carries when war and tourism go hand in hand. It is argued that the dichotomies of here/there and war/peace need to be dislodged in order to understand the ideologies of both tourism and war.

In the past decade, the European Union and its member states have invested heavily in a far-reaching, diffuse, and technologized border regime targeting the elusive figure of the clandestine or illegal African migrant. Taking the mismatch between these large investments and the statistically small number of overland irregular migrants as its starting point, this article explores the embodied effects of illegality engendered in the policing of the Euro-African borderlands. Based on fieldwork with West African police forces, aid organizations, and migrants, it focuses on the migration circuit between the Sahel and Spain, where a joint European response to irregular flows was first tried and tested under the umbrella of the EU border agency Frontex. By highlighting the means of detection used to apprehend illegal migrants - from bodily signs to presumed intentions to migrate - the article looks at how an increasingly reified and embodied modality of migrant illegality is produced on the circuit between West Africa and Europe's southern shores. This production of illegality crucially depends on the incentives offered to African forces for participating in European controls. Tensions among African officers over the unequal gains from such incentives and ambivalence over the rationale for controls, I argue, make the transnational policing of clandestine migration a fraught site of state investment and concern.

Money can be understood as a disembedding mechanism, detaching social relations from a spatiotemporal context. However, different infrastructural instantiations of money make visible–and invisible–different qualities of money. Through a two-month ethnographic study of El Salvador’s adoption of Bitcoin as a complimentary legal tender, I show how Bitcoin in El Salvador functions as a technology of the imagination that brings future-making and deterritorialization into the forefront of money infrastructure(s). 

The thesis is divided into three main parts. First, I briefly introduce how people leverage Bitcoin as a tool for shaping subjective attitudes towards time, and consequently–to inspire hope. 

Then, I show how foreigners travelling to El Salvador to use Bitcoin are not doing this out of economic considerations. Rather, this transnational group of Bitcoiners can be characterised as a recursive public that utilises Bitcoin to escape the formation of the nation-state and form a deterritorialized community around shared speculative visions of the future. Bitcoin also allows them to make general infrastructural features of money visible and to contest these. The prime example being money’s disciplinary effects on subjective attitudes towards time.

In the last part, I show how deterritorialization and speculative futures also come to the forefront of Salvadoran imaginaries of Bitcoin. We can understand attitudes of fear and attitudes of hope as responses to this imaginary. The thesis concludes by arguing that Bitcoin’s materiality affords imaginaries of disembedded social landscapes, thus rendering visible preexisting infrastructural features of money. However, in the specific context of El Salvador Bitcoin also works as a tool for re-embedding, but only for the Bitcoiners.

Several researches have shown the importance of domestic work as a main sector of inclusion for migrant women in Spain, mainly during first years of immigration, regardless of their educational level. This concentration, far from responding to labor trajectories of these workers, is the result of the articulation of several variables within the reception context (immigration policies, employment policies, gender relations, labor market characteristics, ideas on domestic work, etc.) and the ways in which migrant families organize productive and reproductive work. In this case, this paper aims to analyze the variables which have influenced the feminization process of migration towards Spain and its connection with the importance of domestic work as the main sector of labor insertion for non-EU migrant women. Afterwards, we summarize some statistical data, and moreover therefore we present the results of an exploratory fieldwork with domestic workers in an irregular situation in Madrid, paying attention to working conditions, relations with employers, gender relations, migration projects, family life and ideas on care work in origin and destination.

Granbarkborre är en betydande ekonomisk skadegörare i svensk skog men den är också en art som skapar död ved av försvagade granar. Sommaren 2019 var granbarkborrarna ovanligt många och orsakade stor skada för skogsbruket. I den här etnografiska studien, baserad i Stockholm och närområdet, undersöks hur granbarkborreangreppen sommaren 2019 dels kan förstås som en process av skapande av en sammanhängande värld, dels en möjlighet att i sprickorna hitta öppningar för att driva politik. Med utgångspunkt i att hur problemet med granbarkborre formuleras är viktigt för vilka åtgärder som föreslås undersöks vad vi kan vi lära oss om skogsindustri, natur och biodiversitet. 

Att skyddade områden förstås som en orsak till granbarkborreangrepp och att klimatförändringar, älgar och andra varelser är en del av att göra det moderna skogsbruket oförutsägbart framkommer som viktiga resultat. Genom att visa hur den döda vedentillsammans med granbarkborren kontrolleras på vissa platser, visas hur olika kunskapsproduktioner träder fram, något som också underlättas av att mycket runt granbarkborrens livscykel är osäkert. Därför möjliggörs tolkning av naturen istället för konkreta orsakssamband. Uppsatsen är ett bidrag till antropologin om miljöförändringar.

This thesis explores different ways of relating to forests, and thus also different types of forestry. Starting with the Swedish forest industry one which is characterized by the planting of forests at the expense of natural regeneration, thus making Sweden the fifth country in the world in terms of planted area the study then examines different forests. This study is conducted with qualitative methods and by “following the seed” looks at various actors’ interests and potential flaws in the venture of planting forests. Different possibilities of doing forestry are explored in the thesis through letting modern forestry meet local forest-owners as well as a seed-collecting practice in central Sweden. 

These processes are explored by understanding the forest as an assemblage of historical decisions, species and human interests, tracing relations and powers within and beyond forestsfrom a more-than-human perspective. Forestry emerges as an attempt at domestication of the forest and the thesis explores how it goes wild, as well as the meeting of modern industrialism and science with other world views, values and practices.

This allows for an alternative understanding of forests, forestry beyond industrialism and modernity, and what sort of futures we might have living together with forests. 

This study examines the mobilisation and identity formation of the Scottish independence movement post-referendum. By analysing arguments, emotions and actions in support for independence, I aim to discuss how the movement make use of cultural perspectives on history for continuous mobilisation. The study focuses on the members of the umbrella organisation of Yes Scotland, which is a diverse network of activist and party-political groups. To understand the movement, I have made use of a political and active approach such as participating in meetings and at demonstrations. Importantly, while I acknowledge how the Scottish independence movement navigates within a discourse of nationalism because of its nationalist character, I argue that the movement mainly make use of an alternative ideology. This ideology is tied to historical narratives which are remade in present forms and take several expressions. For instance, I claim that this ideology generates the practice of international solidarity as well as a specific identity which is constructed and reproduced for one specific political project: to achieve Scottish independence. This thesis is a contribution to the study of social movements, as well as it provides understanding of reasoning beyond and within nationalism.

This master’s thesis will be discussing how nuanced experiences affects the crafting of identity among transnational and/or transracial adult adoptees raised in Sweden from an anthropological perspective.The purpose of this thesis is to show that adoptees craft their identity in numerous and complex ways, one as unique as the other. The nuanced experiences are important to underscore since the adoptee demographic is vast and it consists of multiple individuals with unique lives, and if these distinctiveness are ignored, we run the risk of depicting a flawed picture of the adoptee experience. In an attempt to avoid doing so, this thesis will use an intersection of different theoretical frameworks from previous literatureon adoption and identity, which are belonging, body, and kinning, with additional theoretical concepts on materiality to complement. This paper follows eight adoptees, who share their individual narratives that revolves around the crafting of their Swedish, Adoption, and Ethnic identity. I will bring their experiences to life by putting them in relation to each other to showcase their uniqueness. Keywords: Adoption, Belonging, Body, Kinship. 

This study explore how different forms of embodied experiences in virtual reality can be explained. Virtual reality (VR) is a quickly emerging, although understudied field that in the last decade have come to take a bigger and bigger part in everyone’s daily life. With the rise of virtual reality new possibilities for social platforms in VR have emerged, one of these is the virtual world of VRChat. This paper aims to give an introduction to the world of VRChat, through looking at how different embodied practises take place in it. It is based on a two-month long ethnographic fieldwork in the world of VRChat, following at a group of around 20 individuals scattered around the world and their experiences of embodiment in VRChat. This paper looks at how different forms of embodiment take place in VRChat and how these forms of embodiment affect different aspects of being in a virtual world. I study how mirrors and avatars through embodiment and interplay of different agencies create identity and a sense of ‘me’ amongst users in VRChat. I look at how embodiment connects to immersion and how it bridges the gap between reality and virtuality, through the translation of the sense touch in virtual reality to real life a. I see that a non-traditional form of immersion plays a big role in creating this phenomenon which is called phantom sense

January 22 & 23:

In the first of a two-part series on the Juba peace talks, world-renowned scholars, Ron Atkinson and Sverker Finnstrom provide an exclusive look at the process in its earliest stages in late 2005 to February 2007. In Part II, they examine recent developments, new threats to the process and the likely future of the peace talks.

This study is about the developmental challenges and adversities to children and the youth in Arba Minch which is one of the emerging towns of Ethiopia. Primary data for the study was collected through case stories, in-depth interview with key informants from families, experts in concerned organizations, FGD and observation methods. The purpose of the research was to explore how the emerging risk situations in the family, community and school environments are threatening the socio-economic and intellectual developments of children and the youth in the town. It is identified that there are adverse situations for thousands of children and the youth in the family, school and community environments. Risk factors in the community include high rate of substance abuse, crime and violence, unemployment, idleness and absence of children and youth recreational centers. The presence of shops that show pornographic and action video, drug centers around schools, shortage of educational inputs or teaching-learning facilities, absence of variety of learning styles, students’ misbehaviors, and low academic achievements have made schools ineffective. The family environment is also not comfortable for positive child development due to the prevalence of child abuse, child neglect, poverty and family disorganization.

This thesis examines the composition of affective atmospheres, emerging in court sessions of criminal matter in Vienna. The notion of atmosphere is used to explore collective affective qualities, emerging through the interplay between affective bodies and their environment. The focus provides as analytical frame for bringing forward the workings of affect in legal procedures. From a starting point in theories of affect and atmosphere, I cast light at how the affectively charged space is both monitored and beyond control. First, I trace affect through the lens of spatial arrangements of courtrooms. I show how the architectural and interior arrangements and aesthetics of courtrooms are expedient in creating resonance between the bodies and control over the situations, while being visual and material representations of law. Second, I trace affect in the relation between the bodies that produce atmosphere and regard for the bodily capacity to affect and be affected. I consider principles of criminal procedure structuring and disciplining affective bodies in courtrooms and the juridical labour entailing work on emotions. Third, I trace affect in the dynamics and changes of affective atmosphere by showing how atmospheric changes come about and are contested through intensification and ruptures in atmosphere. I discuss the compositions of affective atmosphere in relation to discipline and control converging with bodies entering the legal setting. The ethnographic material is collected through participant observation in one hundred court sessions, as well as through interviews with people involved. 

Although the associations among marital status, fertility, bereavement, and adult mortality have been widely studied, much less is known about these associations in polygamous households, which remain prevalent across much of the world. We use data from the Utah Population Database on 110,890 women and 106,979 men born up to 1900, with mortality follow-up into the twentieth century. We examine how the number of wife deaths affects male mortality in polygamous marriages, how sister wife deaths affect female mortality in polygamous marriages relative to the death of a husband, and how marriage order affects the mortality of women in polygamous marriages. We also examine how the number of children ever born and child deaths affect the mortality of men and women as well as variation across monogamous and polygamous unions. Our analyses of women show that the death of a husband and the death of a sister wife have similar effects on mortality. Marriage order does not play a role in the mortality of women in polygamous marriages. For men, the death of one wife in a polygamous marriage increases mortality to a lesser extent than it does for men in monogamous marriages. For polygamous men, losing additional wives has a dose-response effect. Both child deaths and lower fertility are associated with higher mortality. We consistently find that the presence of other kin in the household-whether a second wife, a sister wife, or children-mitigates the negative effects of bereavement.

The idea of capturing recent transformations of Southeast Asia through vignettes about familiar yet idiosyncratic individuals is brilliant. The everyday experiences and aspirations of people trying to make sense of their lives and dreams convey a complex and often surprising view of contemporary cross-currents, upheavals, anxieties, and struggles in a volatile region. This volume offers a great way for students to understand and empathize with ordinary people and nations in rapid motion.

We consider two aspects of the human enterprise that profoundly affect the global environment: population and consumption. We show that fertility and consumption behavior harbor a class of externalities that have not been much noted in the literature. Both are driven in part by attitudes and preferences that are not egoistic but socially embedded; that is, each household's decisions are influenced by the decisions made by others. In a famous paper, Garrett Hardin [G. Hardin, Science 162, 1243-1248 (1968)] drew attention to overpopulation and concluded that the solution lay in people abandoning the freedom to breed. That human attitudes and practices are socially embedded suggests that it is possible for people to reduce their fertility rates and consumption demands without experiencing a loss in wellbeing. We focus on fertility in sub-Saharan Africa and consumption in the rich world and argue that bottom-up social mechanisms rather than top-down government interventions are better placed to bring about those ecologically desirable changes.

Global forms and changes affect all spheres of human life-worlds; not least how we interpret and create systems of meaning in our respective habitats. A merging of global and local reflections and actions often causes ideological transformations and discursive shifts. Issues of race and the plight of the Afro-Brazilian population, for example, have come to the forefront of public debate in Brazil during the last decade. One of the main architects behind this discursive shift is the Afro-Brazilian movement, which by and large is comprised of numerous so-called NGOs. The Afro-Brazilian movement writ large, is greatly affected by the transnational flow of financial resources, information and people emanating from Western donors and the transnational Afro-Diaspora network. Ideologies of race and ethnicity are re-contextualized, replacing the previous focus on class in Brazil, and thus creating new frameworks of interpretation at national and local levels. This dissertation is focused on three NGOs in the city of Salvador, each situated on a different socio-economic level within the Afro-Brazilian movement. It is argued that the articulation of Afro-Brazilian identity and authenticity is very much in the ascendant, spurred by the dynamic interaction among organizations within the Afro-Brazilian movement on the one hand and by the relationships these movement organizations develop with external actors - state agencies, donors and foreign activists - on the other. Of particular interest is how each of the organizations is affected by and reacts to questions related to class, gender, location, donors’ expectations, leaders’ ambitions and interventions by foreign activists.

This thesis is about the socialisation of schoolchildren and how normality is learned and managed in two Swedish school classes. The Swedish school is, according to the "Curriculum for the compulsory school system, the pre-school class and the leisure-time centre", the Lpo94, based on democratic values and respect for the individual. In accordance with these values socialisation of the pupil is, as the thesis argues, accomplished through “benevolent government” by the teachers. To enable this governmentality, the pupil needs to learn how to be him or her “self” according to norms about how the “self” is to be expressed. The pupil also needs to learn how to balance multiple relations in school and the different aspects that constitutes the social person. Benevolent government is here used as a description of a certain kind of teacher-hood dependent on a certain kind of pupil. The pupil-subject that is constructed is a subordinated, self inspecting, positive, empathic person who will approve of being governed by the teachers through the governing of them selves.

The study is based on fieldwork with one pre-school class and one fifth grade class in the Swedish compulsory school during the period from August 1999 to June 2002.

Texten följer hur figuren Santa Ana, Marias moder och katolskt skyddshelgon, framställs i olika sammanhang, medier och föreställande former i en by i södra Mexiko som bär helgonets namn. På vilka olika sätt kan Santa Ana - helgonfiguren såväl som platsen - träda fram i mötet mellan två skilda sociokulturella sammanhang där de relitiösa och politiska axlarna korsas? Tolkningarna som Santa Ana-berättelserna ger upphov till skifter mellan olika medietyper och lokaliteter, i vilka olika varianter av religiositet och konstnärligthet flätas ihop. 

This article deals with individuals of immigrant background in Swedish higher education—i.e., those who have a PhD and work in Swedish universities. The aim of the study is to examine whether and how factors other than academic qualifications—such as gender and migrant background—may affect the individual’s ability to find employment and pursue a successful career in a Swedish institution of higher education. The data used in the first section are Swedish registry data (LISA database and population), administered by Statistics Sweden. The second part of the paper is based on semi-structured interviews with 19 academics of migrant background. The results show that, given the same work experience and compared to the reference group (born in Sweden with at least one Swedish-born parent), individuals born in Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, and South America are, firstly, more likely to be unemployed and, secondly, if they are employed, to have a lower income (lower position). The ways in which such gaps arises are also examined.

This study examines how early age immigrants to Sweden from Bosnia-Herzegovina, Chile and Somalia perform in education and the labour market in comparison with the children of natives. As the results demonstrate, the socio-economic position of the parents, family structure and other demographic characteristics of individuals only partially explain the differences between the descendants of natives and young immigrants from these countries. A further analysis demonstrates that the socio-historical contexts into which these immigrant children arrive and settle, that is the processes of migration, are equally likely to have an impact on young immigrants' performance.

The Lipa Temporary Reception Centre is a transit camp, located in the North-West part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, for only single men who cross the Balkan Route to enter the European Union territory through the Croatian border.

This thesis aims to describe the life inside the camp, combining an analysis of Lipa architecture with the experiences of the people who transited through there. A focus on space and relationships will then drive this thesis, reflecting on how the transit camp features and stylistic decisions affected people's experiences: discussing how places and individuals mutually influenced each other in such a context. More specifically, it will highlight the broad political implications that led to the opening of migrant reception centres like Lipa and discuss their hypothetical temporary nature, studying the roles played by European Union Institutions and non-governmental organizations within the field.

This research is the outcome of ethnographic fieldwork conducted inside the Lipa Temporary Reception Centre from November 8th until December 19th and from the investigation of the existing literature regarding the design of camps and the Balkan Route. 

One of the profound issues for the future is the extent to which immigrants and their children will become part of Swedish society or remian politically, culturally and economically distinctive. Therefore, the study of transition to adulthood among the adult children of immigrants is critical in understanding the direction of changes over time in the families of young women and men. In particular, this book discusses if the children of immigrants in Sweden choose to cohabit as do those of Swedish origin, or not? Are they more likely to select partners from their own group? And do they construct families that are egalitarian as do those of Swedish origin or conform to more male-dominated relationships?

Den här studien syftar till ett belysa och problematisera kring antropologins närmande av det militära sammanhanget. 2007 utformade USA:s armé en plattform som skulle koordinera och hantera civil kompetens inom områdena antropologi och statsvetenskap. Ämnen som på olika sätt analyserar den ”mänskliga terrängen”. Konceptet ”Human Terrain System” lanserades där akademiker från samhällsvetenskaperna fick söka sig till den militära kontexten för att hjälpa militära beslutsfattare att förstå kulturen, de socioekonomiska förhållandena och religionens roll mm.

Hur förhåller sig antropologer till Human Terrain System? Vilka perspektiv finns på antropologin som en del i en militär kontext? Genom att svara på dessa frågeställningar belyses olika resonemang på den tillämpbara antropologin i en militär kontext utifrån den rådande etiska debatten som återfinns inom disciplinen.

Implementerandet av antropologiska kunskaper i en den militära kontexten har föranlett till en debatt inom den antropologiska disciplinen. En debatt som lyfter etiska betänkligheter och problematiserar kring vilket antropologins uppdrag är, kan vara och bör vara. Studien granskar det traditionella förhållandet till villkor inom disciplinen, detta illustrerat genom den etiska debatten kring projektet Human Terrin System.

Studien slår fast att oavsett hur den enskilde antropologen väljer att förhålla sig till ämnets närmande av det militära så är kontraktet mellan forskare och informant lika centralt som det mellan forskare och uppdragsgivare.