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  • 1.
    Uggla, Caroline
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Mussino, Eleonora
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Aradhya, Siddartha
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Are women from man-older unions economically disadvantaged following separation? Sweden 1997–20152024In: Acta Sociologica, ISSN 0001-6993, E-ISSN 1502-3869, Vol. 67, no 1, p. 98-116Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Separation often leads to worse economic consequences for women than for men. However, little is known about how economic consequences of separation play out for different groups of women. Women who are younger than their male partner are generally assumed to have lesser agency, but evidence mostly comes from contexts with low gender equality. Here, we examine women's benefit recipiency as a function of the partner age gap of their dissolved union. Using register data from Sweden, we examine whether women from man-older unions suffer greater economic disadvantage after separation, and whether patterns differ for ancestral Swedes and women with migrant background. Results from logistic regression models suggest that, post-separation, the uptake of social and housing benefits increases for nearly all groups of women. However, these data do not show any consistent disadvantages of women from man-older unions. Among ancestral Swedes, patterns differed by benefit type, and among women of African/Middle Eastern origin, benefit recipiency increases were inversely U-shaped to the age gap. Social norms do not appear to explain economic costs of separation, but may explain why the risk of separation itself differed between ancestral Swedish women and women with migrant background.

  • 2.
    Kirgil, Zeynep Melis
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Tilburg University, Netherlands.
    Wittek, Rafael
    Cooperation sustainability in small groups: Exogenous and endogenous dynamics of the sustainability of cooperation2024In: Rationality and Society, ISSN 1043-4631, E-ISSN 1461-7358, Vol. 36, no 1, p. 93-121Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Cooperation sustainability presents a complex social phenomenon. Two common approaches have been used to study the sustainability of cooperation in small groups: endogenous processes (dynamic) and exogenous factors (static approaches). The present study integrates existing research by investigating how the interplay between exogenous and endogenous conditions affects cooperation in small groups. To uncover endogenous group dynamics in an online Public Goods experiment (n = 353), we performed multilevel latent Markov models on Bayesian estimation that allowed us to estimate latent classes on the level of rounds, individuals, and groups. We studied exogenous factors by investigating the effects of situational tightness versus looseness, and monetary versus symbolic frames on cooperation sustainability. Our key findings show that both endogenous and exogenous factors are critical to explain the variation of cooperation sustainability between groups. Second, groups exposed to tight situations reveal higher levels of cooperation sustainability than groups exposed to loose situations. Money primes did not have an impact. Among the control variables, collective intentionality showed the strongest association with cooperation. Future research may develop a more sophisticated measure of tight versus loose situations and examine the causal relationship between collective intentionality and cooperation.

  • 3.
    Voytiv, Sofiya
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Lund University, Sweden; Institute for Futures Studies, Sweden.
    Diasporic group boundaries and solidarity in the making: collective memory in the anti-war protests in Sweden2024In: Ethnic and Racial Studies, ISSN 0141-9870, E-ISSN 1466-4356, Vol. 47, no 12, p. 391-410Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Since the eruption of the war in Ukraine in February 2022, both Ukrainian and Russian diasporas in Sweden have been reframing themselves through memories, narratives and symbols. They have been revised in connection to the initial Russian-backed insurgency in eastern Ukraine and the annexation of Crimea (2014), the “homeland” as well as previous diasporic mobilizations in the country of residence. Revising the memories, narratives and symbols to fit the new reality of a full-scale war also has meant renegotiating group boundaries in the solidarity with Ukraine movement. In this study, I focus on the collective memory and group boundary-making within the pro-Ukraine movement and demonstrations in Stockholm, Sweden, and investigate the change in solidarity patterns, specifically performed during the initial mobilization due to the annexation of Crimea, Russian-backed insurgency in the eastern Ukraine, and the first months of Russian invasion of Ukraine. 

  • 4. Mogensen, Hanna
    et al.
    Tettamanti, Giorgio
    Elmerdahl Frederiksen, Line
    Talbäck, Mats
    Härkönen, Juho
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. European University Institute, Italy.
    Modig, Karin
    Pedersen, Camilla
    Krøyer, Anja
    Hirvonen, Elli
    Kyrönlahti, Anniina
    Heyman, Mats
    Sällfors Holmqvist, Anna
    Hasle, Henrik
    Madanat-Harjuoja, Laura
    Malila, Nea
    Falck Winther, Jeanette
    Erdmann, Friederike
    Feychting, Maria
    Educational attainment in survivors of childhood cancer in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden2024In: British Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0007-0920, E-ISSN 1532-1827, Vol. 130, no 2, p. 260-268Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Survivors of childhood cancer may face difficulties at school. We investigated whether childhood cancer affects attainment of upper secondary education, in a register-based cohort study from Denmark, Finland, and Sweden, where we limit bias from selection and participation.

    Methods: From the national cancer registers, we identified all long-term survivors of childhood cancer diagnosed aged 0–14 years in 1971–2005 (n = 7629), compared them to matched population comparisons (n = 35,411) and siblings (n = 6114), using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

    Results: Overall, 6127 survivors (80%) had attained upper secondary education by age 25, compared to 84% among comparison groups. Elevated OR for not attaining this level were mainly confined to survivors of central nervous system (CNS) tumours (ORSurv_PopComp2.05, 95%CI: 1.83–2.29). Other risk groups were survivors who had spent more time in hospital around cancer diagnosis and those who had hospital contacts in early adulthood, particularly psychiatric. Survivors of all cancer types were less likely to have attained upper secondary education without delay.

    Conclusions: Although survivors of childhood cancer experienced delays in their education, many had caught up by age 25. Except for survivors of CNS tumours, survivors attained upper secondary education to almost the same extent as their peers.

  • 5.
    Voyer, Andrea
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Elite Integration Through Volunteerism: The Case of a New York City Parent-Teacher Association2024In: Civil Society Elites: Exploring the Composition, Reproduction, Integration, and Contestation of Civil Society Actors at the Top / [ed] Håkan Johansson, Anna Meeuwisse, London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2024Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this chapter, I examine elite integration through the case of involvement in a PTA in a New York City public elementary school I call Bricks School. I show how parents with elite standing outside of their children’s school become elite PTA volunteers within the school. Following the definition of civil society elite motivating this volume, I see PTAs as civil society organizations with significant and increasing control over educational resources and decision-making. The elite parents studied in this research parlay their elite social positions into leadership positions in the PTA. These parents solidify their standing in the PTA and the school by accessing more ‘do good’ capital (Dean, 2020).

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  • 6. Rhead, Rebecca
    et al.
    Harber-Aschan, Lisa
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. King’s College London, UK.
    Onwumere, Juliana
    Polling, Catherine
    Dorrington, Sarah
    Ehsan, Annahita
    Stevelink, Sharon A. M.
    Khunti, Kamlesh
    Mir, Ghazala
    Morriss, Richard
    Wessely, Simon
    Woodhead, Charlotte
    Hatch, Stephani
    Ethnic inequalities among NHS staff in England: workplace experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic2024In: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, ISSN 1351-0711, E-ISSN 1470-7926, Vol. 81, no 3, p. 113-121Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives This study aims to determine how workplace experiences of National Health Service (NHS) staff varied by ethnicity during the COVID-19 pandemic and how these experiences are associated with mental and physical health at the time of the study.

    Methods An online Inequalities Survey was conducted by the Tackling Inequalities and Discrimination Experiences in Health Services study in collaboration with NHS CHECK. This Inequalities Survey collected measures relating to workplace experiences (such as personal protective equipment (PPE), risk assessments, redeployments and discrimination) as well as mental health (Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7)), and physical health (PHQ-15) from NHS staff working in the 18 trusts participating with the NHS CHECK study between February and October 2021 (N=4622).

    Results Regression analysis of this cross-sectional data revealed that staff from black and mixed/other ethnic groups had greater odds of experiencing workplace harassment (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.43 (95% CI 1.56 to 3.78) and 2.38 (95% CI 1.12 to 5.07), respectively) and discrimination (AOR 4.36 (95% CI 2.73 to 6.96) and 3.94 (95% CI 1.67 to 9.33), respectively) compared with white British staff. Staff from black ethnic groups also had greater odds than white British staff of reporting PPE unavailability (AOR 2.16 (95% CI 1.16 to 4.00)). Such workplace experiences were associated with negative physical and mental health outcomes, though this association varied by ethnicity. Conversely, understanding employment rights around redeployment, being informed about and having the ability to inform redeployment decisions were associated with lower odds of poor physical and mental health.

    Conclusions Structural changes to the way staff from ethnically minoritised groups are supported, and how their complaints are addressed by leaders within the NHS are urgently required.

  • 7. Bujard, Martin
    et al.
    Andersson, Gunnar
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Fertility Declines Near the End of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence of the 2022 Birth Declines in Germany and Sweden2024In: European Journal of Population, ISSN 0168-6577, E-ISSN 1572-9885, Vol. 40, no 1, article id 4Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries faced short-term fertility declines in 2020–2021, a development which did not materialize in the majority of German-speaking and Nordic countries. However, more recent birth statistics show a steep fertility decline in 2022. We aim to provide empirical evidence on the unexpected birth decline in 2022 in Germany and Sweden. We rely on monthly birth statistics and present seasonally adjusted monthly Total Fertility Rates (TFR) for Germany and Sweden. We relate the nine-month lagged fertility rates to contextual developments regarding COVID-19. The seasonally adjusted monthly TFR of Germany dropped from 1.5–1.6 in 2021 to 1.4 in early 2022 and again in autumn 2022, a decline of about 10% in several months. In Sweden, the corresponding TFR dropped from about 1.7 in 2021 to 1.5–1.6 in 2022, a decline of almost 10%. There is no association of the fertility trends with changes in unemployment, infection rates, or COVID-19 deaths, but a strong association with the onset of vaccination programmes and the weakening of pandemic-related restrictions. The fertility decline in 2022 in Germany and Sweden is remarkable. Common explanations of fertility change during the pandemic do not apply. The association between the onset of mass vaccinations and subsequent fertility decline indicates that women adjusted their behaviour to get vaccinated before becoming pregnant. Fertility decreased as societies were opening up with more normalized life conditions. We provide novel information on fertility declines and the COVID-19-fertility nexus during and in the immediate aftermath of the pandemic. 

  • 8.
    Uggla, Caroline
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Saarela, Jan
    First Partner Choice in a Native Minority: The Role of Own and Parental Ethnolinguistic Affiliation2024In: European Journal of Population, ISSN 0168-6577, E-ISSN 1572-9885, Vol. 40, no 1, article id 3Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Despite increasing diversity within many societies, ethnically endogamous unions remain common. In contexts where one ethnic minority has lived alongside the majority for centuries, understanding who partners with whom is central to understanding how ethnic boundaries are maintained or dissolved. This study examines the role of own and parental ethnolinguistic affiliation for the first partner choice in Finland. We provide a unique test of the relevance of ethnic endogamy across two generations, in a context where both groups are native, but one (Finnish speakers) overwhelmingly outnumbers the other (Swedish speakers). Using register data on the total population, we examine how a person's ethnolinguistic affiliation and background affect the choice of the first cohabiting partner in terms of the partner's ethnolinguistic affiliation and background. We apply discrete-time competing risk models for men and women born 1970-1983. Results indicate that Swedish-registered individuals with two Swedish-registered parents are, by far, the most likely to partner with another Swedish-registered person with endogamous background. Partnering with a Swedish-registered person with exogamous background is most likely among individuals who themselves come from mixed unions. Patterns are remarkably consistent across gender, and adjustments for education and residential area only marginally alter the results.

  • 9.
    Voyer, Andrea
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    From incorporation to emplacement in the cultural sociology of immigration2024In: American Journal of Cultural Sociology, ISSN 2049-7113, E-ISSN 2049-7121Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Cultural sociology can be useful for uncovering factors facilitating and hindering immigrant incorporation. The process of incorporation blends different logics and pressures, where the work of incorporation is divided between immigrants who pursue incorporation, and social groups (from nations, to communities, and from classrooms to corporations) that facilitate, hinder, and shape trajectories of inclusion. Cultural sociology has much to contribute to our understanding of the relation between immigrants and the role of others in the process of incorporation. In this essay, I first summarize underlying ideas in the cultural sociology of immigration and immigrant incorporation. I argue that incorporation entails two types of agency on the part of immigrants: mastery and change-making. I then bring three books, Elizabeth Becker’s (Mosques in the metropolis: incivility, caste, and contention in Europe. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2021), Nancy Foner’s (One quarter of the nation: immigration and the transformation of America. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2022), and Heba Gowayed’s (Refuge: how the state shapes human potential. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2022), into conversation with cultural theory, reflecting on how the theory challenges the books, and also how the books challenge the theory. I conclude with a proposal for a new approach to thinking about processes of incorporation as consisting of emplacement and acceptance. Adopting this approach contributes to cultural theory by eliminating the need for an outgroup in the construction of the social solidarity.

  • 10. Pantić, Nataša
    et al.
    Sarazin, Marc
    Coppe, Thibault
    Oral, Didem
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Manninen, Eveliina
    Silvennoinen, Kaisa
    Lund, Anna
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Päivi, Hökkä
    Vähäsantanen, Katja
    Li, Shupin
    How do teachers exercise relational agency for supporting migrant students within social networks in schools from Scotland, Finland, and Sweden?2024In: Teaching and Teacher Education: An International Journal of Research and Studies, ISSN 0742-051X, E-ISSN 1879-2480, Vol. 139, article id 104442Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines how teachers exercise relational agency - working flexibly with other actors in their social networks to support migrant students. Teachers and other staff members from 7 schools in Scotland, Finland and Sweden participated in social network surveys (n = 1116), online logs (n = 275) and interviews (n = 82). A mixed-method social network analysis shows how networks facilitate relational agency as teachers reach out to others to mobilise resources and tacit knowledge within their school communities. The findings point to the critical role of professional collaboration and suggest that social networks shape how teachers work with specialists to support migrant students.

  • 11. Saarela, Jan
    et al.
    Kolk, Martin
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Centre for Cultural Evolution. Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Institute for Futures Studies, Sweden; Åbo Akademi University, Finland.
    Obućina, Ognjen
    Kinship, heritage, and ethnic choice: ethnolinguistic registration across four generations in contemporary Finland2024In: European Sociological Review, ISSN 0266-7215, E-ISSN 1468-2672Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We studied how individuals’ ethnolinguistic affiliation relates to the ethnolinguistic structure of kinship in contemporary Finland, a society in which Finnish-speaking and Swedish-speaking ethnolinguistic groups have coexisted for centuries and mixed marital unions are common. Using multigenerational data from the population register, we determined how the ethnolinguistic registration of children born in 1990–2015 relates to three generations of ancestors. We created a family tree that links children to their parents, four grandparents and eight great grandparents. Our intention was to both map the ethnolinguistic background of young people and predict a child’s affiliation based on their ancestry. The data revealed that ethnolinguistic affiliation is a more fluid and complex feature than expected when assessed only through child and parental characteristics. We found substantial diversity in ethnolinguistic background within the Swedish-speaking minority group, while most individuals in the Finnish-speaking majority group had a uniform background. We identified three types of bias in the ethnolinguistic affiliation of mixed-origin children: a matrilineal bias, a kinship majority bias and a Swedish ethnic minority bias. The analyses advanced our understanding of how the size of minority groups can shrink even when most couples in mixed unions favour minority group affiliation for their children.

  • 12.
    Rostami, Amir
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Institute for Futures Studies, Stockholm, Sweden; University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.
    Mondani, Hernan
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Institute for Futures Studies, Stockholm, Sweden; Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
    Kriminella entreprenörer – en studie av den organiserade brottslighetens kopplingar till näringslivet2024Report (Other academic)
  • 13.
    Mussino, Eleonora
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Drefahl, Sven
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Wallace, Matthew
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Billingsley, Sunnee
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Aradhya, Siddartha
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Andersson, Gunnar
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Lives saved, lives lost, and under-reported COVID-19 deaths: Excess and non-excess mortality in relation to cause-specific mortality during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden2024In: Demographic Research, ISSN 1435-9871, Vol. 50, article id 1Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The number of confirmed COVID-19 deaths differed across countries and across waves of the pandemic. Patterns also differed between groups within a country.

    Objective: We combine data on excess mortality with data on cause-of-death-specific mortality in the case of Sweden to identify which groups had excess mortality beyond what can be captured by analyses of COVID-19-specific deaths. We also explore the possibility that some groups may have benefited in terms of reduced all-cause mortality, potentially due to home-centered living conditions during the pandemic.

    Methods: We produced and compared three sets of group-specific incidence rates: deaths from (1) any cause in 2020, (2) any cause in 2019, (3) any cause excluding COVID-19 in 2020. We compared rates across different socioeconomic profiles based on combinations of sex, age, marital status, education, and country of birth.

    Contribution: We show that many of those who died during 2020 would not have done so in the absence of the pandemic. We find some evidence of COVID-19 mortality underestimation, mainly among individuals with a migration background. We also found groups for which mortality decreased during the pandemic, even when including COVID-19 mortality. Progression across the first and second waves of the pandemic shows that more groups appeared to become protected over time and that there was less underestimation of COVID-19 mortality in the second part of 2020.

  • 14. Rostami, Amir
    et al.
    Mondani, Hernan
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Institute for Futures Studies, Sweden; University of Gävle, Sweden; Umeå University, Sweden.
    Carlsson, Christoffer
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Criminology. Institute for Futures Studies, Sweden.
    Sarnecki, Jerzy
    Edling, Christofer
    Sturup, Joakim
    Lone threats: a register-based study of Swedish lone actors2024In: International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice, ISSN 0192-4036, E-ISSN 2157-6475, Vol. 48, no 1, p. 75-94Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigates 30 lone actors in Sweden with a register-based design using a group of male lone actors and two reference groups: same-sex siblings and other male violent extremists. We compare lone actors to the reference groups along social background, criminal background, and co-offending relations (1995 –2016), and mental health (1980–2016). Our results show that lone actors are primarily born in Sweden to two Swedish-born parents. They have a high degree of criminality and co-offending, indicating that they are not completely loners in their criminal behaviour. They have higher enrolment in secondary education than the reference groups, but lower enrolment in higher education than other male violent extremists. Additionally, they suffer considerably more from mental disorders compared to the reference groups. An analysis of criminality and in- and outpatient hospitalisation over the life course indicates that lone actors may have had problems in their transition into middle age.

  • 15. Steinberg, Hillary
    et al.
    Möllborn, Stefanie
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Pace, Jennifer
    “Mature Enough to Handle it?”: Gendered Parental Interventions in and Adolescents’ Reactions to Technology Use During the Pandemic2024In: Journal of Family Issues, ISSN 0192-513X, E-ISSN 1552-5481, Vol. 45, no 1, p. 237-258Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigated how teenagers reacted to parental regulation of technology. Using longitudinal dyadic interviews with 24 teenagers and their 21 parents in two predominantly white middle-class communities, we explored how teenagers used technology during the COVID-19 pandemic and the differential consequences parental interventions had for teens’ well-being and confidence with technology. Parents’ narratives and actions about technology use were deeply gendered. Boys felt confident about their self-regulation of technology, and parents did not substantially limit boys’ technology use during the pandemic. Girls were less confident about their ability to self-regulate and either worked with their mothers to manage technology, distrusted parents who monitored them, or lacked access to virtual hangout spaces such as video games and social media. The findings illustrate how parent-teen dynamics around adolescent technology use can produce short-term gendered inequalities in teenagers’ well-being and result in long-term disadvantages for girls.

  • 16.
    Mussino, Eleonora
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Cantalini, Stefano
    Multiple Origins and Multiple Destinations: The Fertility of Immigrant Women in Europe2024In: Journal of International Migration and Integration, ISSN 1488-3473, E-ISSN 1874-6365Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Studies on immigrant fertility typically compare immigrants and natives or different migrant groups at the same destination but rarely immigrants of the same origins in different destination countries. In this paper, we look at immigrants from multiple origins in multiple destination countries simultaneously, using the European Union Labour Force Survey to compare female immigrants from ten areas of origin in eight destination countries in Europe. Our results indicate a strong origin effect. However, they also suggest that when women migrate to a context where the fertility norm is different from that in their origin, they adjust their behaviors accordingly, which indicates that policy and normative context play an important role in shaping migrants’ fertility. From a policy perspective, this is important because it suggests that the fertility of immigrant women, who are exposed to different norms and normative contexts, can resemble that of native women at the destination. Our findings contribute to strengthening the role of destination in shaping fertility behavior and highlighting the importance of looking at all the possible combinations of immigrants coming from and going to different fertility regimes. 

  • 17.
    Mussino, Eleonora
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Duvander, Ann-Zofie
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Mittuniversitetet, Sweden.
    Parental leave use among newly arrived immigrant mothers in Sweden: Causes and consequences2024In: Journal of European Social Policy, ISSN 0958-9287, E-ISSN 1461-7269, Vol. 34, no 1, p. 85-100Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Immigration to Sweden is dominated by women and men of childbearing age, and many arrive with children. The labour-market integration of newly arrived mothers is of concern, and well directed social policy is crucial. Parental leave is based on residence, and until recently it was granted to all parents of foreign-born children of preschool age. This study uses population and social insurance registers to investigate whether newly arrived immigrant mothers use parental leave upon arrival, and whether use is an obstacle to future labour-market activity. Our results indicate that the majority of the newly arrived mothers do not take any parental leave, but also that there are great differences in uptake in relation to country of birth and reason for residence permit. However, there seem to be only marginal associations between parental leave use and subsequent labour-market attachment. Nevertheless, moderate use is associated with labour-market activity rather than being an obstacle to it. Our results contribute to the debate on the unintended effects of social policy on the integration of immigrants.

  • 18. Reini, Kaarina Susanna
    et al.
    Kolk, Martin
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Åbo Akademi Vasa, Finland.
    Saarela, Jan
    Religion and mental health in young adulthood: a register-based study on differences by religious affiliation in sickness absence due to mental disorders in Finland2024In: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, ISSN 0143-005X, E-ISSN 1470-2738Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Religiosity and spirituality are known to be positively correlated with health. This is the first study to analyse the interrelation between religious denomination and sickness absence due to mental disorders using population register data with detailed ICD codes.

    Methods The follow-up study was based on the entire population born in Finland between 1984 and 1996 (N=794 476). Each person was observed from age 20 over the period from 2004 to 2018. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to analyse the association between religious denomination and first-time sickness allowance receipts for any cause and mental disorder. Mental disorders were categorised as severe mental illness (F20–F31), depression (F32–F33), anxiety (F40–F48) and any other mental disorder (all other F codes). Men and women were analysed separately.

    Results The differences in sickness absence due to mental disorder were substantial between religious affiliations. Compared with members of the Evangelical Lutheran state church, the relative hazard for mental disorders among non-affiliated women was 1.34 (95% CI 1.30 to 1.39), while that among women with other religions was 1.27 (95% CI 1.19 to 1.35), after adjusting for own and parental characteristics. The corresponding numbers for men were 1.45 (95% CI 1.39 to 1.50) and 1.42 (95% CI 1.30 to 1.54), respectively. The gradient was larger for severe mental illness and depression than for anxiety and other mental disorders. For any cause of sickness absence, there was no difference between Lutherans, non-affiliated individuals and those with other religions.

    Conclusions Epidemiologists and public health practitioners should further examine the association between mental disorders and church membership using administrative registers.

  • 19.
    Xia, Weiqian
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Åbo Akademi University.
    Kolk, Martin
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Åbo Akademi University; The Institute for Futures Studies.
    Saarela, Jan
    Socioeconomic Advantage or Community Attachment? A Register‐Based Study on the Difference in National Lutheran Church Affiliation Between Finnish and Swedish Speakers in Finland2024In: Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, ISSN 0021-8294, E-ISSN 1468-5906Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Secularization theory has been challenged by research showing religious persistence and upswing in contexts across the world. In Europe, particularly in highly secular and historically religiously homogeneous Nordic settings, there has been little research, and representative data for minority groups are rare. We offer a pioneering study using national register data to study religious changes over the past five decades in Finland, where the two native ethnolinguistic groups—Finnish and Swedish speakers—offer a unique study context. We use register data with yearly information on every individual's religious affiliation to compare the two groups, exploring the mechanisms behind any differentials. Swedish speakers are found to be consistently more affiliated with the National Lutheran Church than Finnish speakers. This finding contradicts the expectation of modernization theory because the Swedish-speaking population is, in some aspects, socioeconomically advantaged in Finnish society. The higher affiliation level of Swedish speakers can be partly explained by lower levels of internal migration, which is possibly driven by stronger community attachment. Our results suggest that community cohesion may help preserve the religious tradition of a minority group, even in the absence of socioeconomic disadvantages or threats from the majority.

  • 20.
    John, Ben Malinga
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research.
    Union-Fertility Nexus and Fertility Variation in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Role of Marital Dissolution and Repartnering2024Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The role of marital dissolution and repartnering in shaping fertility patterns in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been largely overlooked, even though marital dissolution and repartnering are fundamental features of marriage dynamics in this region. This dissertation addresses this gap by using existing statistical and demographic techniques and developing new demographic methods to (i) examine the relationship between union dissolution and fertility at the micro level (Study I); (ii) assess the dynamics of union dissolution, including the levels of all-cause first union dissolution, the timing of first union dissolution, and the reproductive years spent outside of marriage due to union dissolution (Studies II & III); and (iii) analyze the influence of marital dissolution and repartnering on macro fertility patterns in SSA (Study IV). The analyses are mainly based on Demographic Health Survey data collected in 34 SSA countries since 1986. The findings show that marital dissolution is associated with reduced fertility at both the individual and the population level, and remarriage does not fully compensate for lost fertility at the individual level. The assessment of the dynamics of union dissolution indicates that union dissolution is common, it typically occurs at relatively early reproductive ages, and the number of reproductive years lost due to union dissolution is minimal. Furthermore, this dissertation documents that cross-country differences in union dissolution and repartnering rates account for 9.4% of cross-country fertility differences in SSA. In addition, the results show that changes in marital dissolution and repartnering rates and the fertility behaviour of women who experience these events mostly contributed to the slow pace of fertility decline in this region. For the SSA region (as a whole), fertility would have declined 1.24 times faster in the absence of such changes. These findings demonstrate that marital dissolution and repartnering are important drivers of fertility variation in SSA, and thus highlight the value of integrating these dynamics into the discourse on the union-fertility nexus and fertility variation in SSA and beyond.

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  • 21.
    Schiratzki, Johanna
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Stockholm University, Faculty of Law, Department of Law.
    Vi måste få rätt att dö i fred2024In: Svenska Dagbladet, ISSN 1101-2412Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 22.
    Duvander, Ann-Zofie
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Mid Sweden University, Sweden.
    Koslowski, Alison
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. University College London, UK.
    Access to parenting leaves for recent immigrants: a cross-national view of policy architecture in Europe2023In: Genus, E-ISSN 2035-5556, Vol. 79, article id 8Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Parenting leaves play a crucial part in supporting women’s labour force participation as well as men’s participation in infant care. A major question is who has access to such leave policies and earlier research has pointed out large variations in eligibility. This article focuses on the leaves that are available to recently arrived immigrants, parents who are in a specific situation of being in transition between systems. Using information from the database of leave policies, the International Review of Leave Policies and Research 2021 (leavenetwork.org), we map eligibility and entitlements in Belgium, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the UK, all countries with tiered systems of parenting leave entitlement as well as relatively large recent immigrant populations. Our findings indicate that the leave policies available to recent immigrants can be patchwork in nature and of a very different generosity to the benefits available to many other parents. In addition, the benefits available to this group are often (even) more gendered and perhaps suggest a fall back to a policy logic of maternalism. We discuss how parenting leave may facilitate (or not) an exit from the early vulnerable stage that many immigrant parents face during the first few years in a new country.

  • 23. Artamonova, Alyona
    et al.
    Brandén, Maria
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.
    Gillespie, Brian Joseph
    Mulder, Clara H.
    Adult children's gender, number and proximity and older parents' moves to institutions: evidence from Sweden2023In: Ageing & Society, ISSN 0144-686X, E-ISSN 1469-1779, Vol. 43, no 2, p. 342-372Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Older people's ability to thrive independently of their adult children is an important feature of a universalistic welfare system. However, population ageing puts this notion under stress. In separate multinomial logistic regression models for older men and women, we examined whether adult children's gender, number and proximity were associated with older parents' relocations into residential care facilities, and whether the effects of these children's characteristics on older parents' institutionalisation vary by parents' severe health problems, operationalised as closeness to death - specifically, dying within the two-year observation period. Analyses were based on the Swedish register data between 2014 and 2016 (N = 696,007 person-years). Older parents with at least one co-resident child were less likely to move or become institutionalised than those without a co-resident child. We did not find a relationship between older adults' institutionalisation and the closest child's gender. The negative effect of having a non-resident child living nearby on the likelihood of becoming institutionalised was more pronounced for mothers than fathers. Having a child nearby decreased the likelihood of moving to an institution more for mothers who had severe health problems than for those in better health. We found no evidence of a relationship between number of children and likelihood of institutionalisation.

  • 24. Lundberg, Christina E.
    et al.
    Santosa, Ailiana
    Björk, Jonas
    Brandén, Maria
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Linköping University, Sweden.
    Cronie, Ottmar
    Lindgren, Martin
    Edqvist, Jon
    Åberg, Maria
    Adiels, Martin
    Rosengren, Annika
    Age and sex differences in cause-specific excess mortality and years of life lost associated with COVID-19 infection in the Swedish population2023In: European Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1101-1262, E-ISSN 1464-360X, Vol. 33, no 5, p. 916-922Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Estimating excess mortality and years of life lost (YLL) attributed to coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) infection provides a comprehensive picture of the mortality burden on society. We aimed to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on age- and sex-specific excess mortality and YLL in Sweden during the first 17 months of the pandemic. Methods: In this population-based observational study, we calculated age- and sex-specific excess all-cause mortality and excess YLL during 2020 and the first 5 months of 2021 and cause-specific death [deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, other causes and deaths excluding COVID-19] in 2020 compared with an average baseline for 2017–19 in the whole Swedish population. Results: COVID-19 deaths contributed 9.9% of total deaths (98 441 deaths, 960 305 YLL) in 2020, accounting for 75 151 YLL (7.7 YLL/death). There were 2672 (5.7%) and 1408 (3.0%) excess deaths, and 19 141 (3.8%) and 3596 (0.8%) excess YLL in men and women, respectively. Men aged 65–110 years and women aged 75–110 years were the greatest contributors. Fewer deaths and YLL from CVD, cancer and other causes were observed in 2020 compared with the baseline adjusted to the population size in 2020. Conclusions: Compared with the baseline, excess mortality and YLL from all causes were experienced in Sweden during 2020, with a higher excess observed in men than in women, indicating that more men died at a younger age while more women died at older ages than expected. A notable reduction in deaths and YLL due to CVD suggests a displacement effect from CVD to COVID-19.

  • 25.
    Kan, Maxim
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Are gender attitudes and gender division of housework and childcare related to fertility intentions in Kazakhstan?2023In: Genus, E-ISSN 2035-5556, Vol. 79, article id 21Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Previous research has found evidence of positive associations between gender-egalitarian attitudes or more equal division of housework/childcare and short-term fertility intentions in developed countries of Europe and East Asia. This study extends the literature to the context of a developing country in the post-communist region—Kazakhstan, which has progressed well in public gender equality but may not have developed private gender equality to the same extent as more developed countries. The study explores how (1) gender attitudes, (2) gender behaviour (housework and childcare division), and (3) consistency between gender attitudes and gender behaviour are associated with fertility intentions in this country. Kazakhstan’s Generations and Gender Survey of 2020 was used for the analyses. The dependent variable was treated as an interval measure, where intentions move along a continuum of certainty. Linear regressions were employed to test the hypotheses. The results show that gender-egalitarian attitudes were negatively associated with short-term fertility intentions for women with two and more children. Likewise, a more equal division of housework was negatively associated with short-term fertility intentions for both women and men, whereas more equal sharing of childcare was negatively associated with men’s fertility intentions. Also, in contrast to studies in more developed contexts, an egalitarian match of gender attitudes and behaviour (either housework or childcare) was negatively associated with short-term childbearing intentions for both women and men. Overall, greater gender equality in the family has a negative relationship with short-term fertility intentions in Kazakhstan. The study provides new and compelling evidence about the relationship between gender equality and fertility in a context that has not previously been studied.

  • 26.
    Bjuggren Andersson, Anton
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, The Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI).
    Barone, Carlo
    Hällsten, Martin
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Are upper-secondary track decisions risky? Evidence from Sweden on the assumptions of risk-aversion models2023In: Rationality and Society, ISSN 1043-4631, E-ISSN 1461-7358, Vol. 35, no 3, p. 311-337Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Relative risk aversion (RRA) models explain social class inequalities in education with risk avoidance, i.e., the risky choice assumption (RCA). This assumption concerns risks related to more ambitious educational choices and has been subject to little explicit scrutiny. In this paper, we test whether or not vocational education is a safety net that protects from labor market marginalization. We present an empirical assessment of upper-secondary track choices in Sweden, contrasting the vocational and the academic tracks for those not pursuing tertiary educational degrees. We use Swedish administrative data for all siblings born 1972–1980 and fit sibling fixed effects models netting out unobserved time-constant confounders. The only evidence in favor of the RCA is that when considering selection, graduates of the academic track without a tertiary degree initially face higher risks of not being stably employed and registered as unemployed in their early 20s than their counterparts from vocational education. However, the academic tracks significantly protect men from the threat of entering unskilled routine occupations. We conclude that the support for the RCA is scant at best.

  • 27. Marinković, Ivan
    et al.
    Tramošljanin, Ana
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Galjak, Marko
    Assessing the availability and quality of COVID-19 mortality data in Europe: a comparative analysis2023In: European Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1101-1262, E-ISSN 1464-360X, Vol. 33, no 5, p. 944-946Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Researching mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic has been challenging due to methodological inconsistencies and the limited availability of vital statistics data. At the beginning of the pandemic, the World Health Organization recommended daily data publication to inform policy response, but these data were often poor. Final data on COVID-19 deaths in many countries are not yet available, especially for 2021. This report shows that many countries have significant inconsistencies between the preliminary number of deaths and what vital statistics and excess mortality indicate. The inconsistencies in the mortality data raise concerns about the reliability of analyses and public health recommendations. 

  • 28.
    Weber, Rosa
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Institut National d’Études Démographiques, France.
    Massey, Douglas S.
    Assessing the Effect of Increased Deportations on Mexican Migrants’ Remittances and Savings Brought Home2023In: Population: Research and Policy Review, ISSN 0167-5923, E-ISSN 1573-7829, Vol. 42, no 2, article id 24Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Beginning in the 1990s and intensifying after the events of September 11, deportations in the United States increased to record levels under President Obama and continued at high levels under President Trump. Although a growing literature addresses how migrants respond to the shifting context of reception, empirical evidence on how migrants’ remitting and saving behavior changed as a result of immigration enforcement remains limited. Using detailed individual-level data from the Mexican Migration Project (MMP, N = 6787) for the years 1970–2019, this study examines how deportations relate to Mexican migrants’ joint decisions to remit and/or save, and how this relationship differs by documentation status. Results from multinomial logistic regressions reveal that rising deportations are associated with an increase in the transnational economic engagement of undocumented migrants. This is largely due to an increase in remittances; savings brought back decrease with rising deportations, likely because keeping savings in the United States is riskier than sending money back directly. Among documented migrants, the remitting and saving behavior does not appear to change as deportations rise. Analyzing these behaviors together is important to gain a more complete understanding of migrants’ transnational economic ties and links to the country of destination. 

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  • 29.
    Lund, Anna
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Att göra för och att göra med: Verksamhet, erfarenheter och delaktighet i kulturprojekt för barn och unga2023Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Barn och unga, med eller utan funktionsnedsättning och individer med funktionsnedsättning oavsett ålder, är målgrupper som Arvsfonden ger projektstöd till. Dessa gruppers upplevelser och delaktighet i olika former av kulturprojekt som lever kvar efter projektslut är ett samhällsrelevant arbete som Arvsfonden utför. Att fånga alla de dimensioner och den komplexitet som uppstår i arbetet där en ökad delaktighet i kulturlivet står i fokus är inte möjligt att fullt ut göra rättvisa. Min förhoppning är att rapporten kan bidra med kunskaper om de förutsättningar som har gjort det möjligt för målgruppen att delta och synliggöra de spår och vägar som olika projekt lämnat, och under vilka premisser det har varit möjligt. Jag hoppas även att läsaren får med sig kunskaper om vikten av att beakta målgruppens heterogenitet på ett sensitivt sätt. En pedagogisk utmaning är att se och lyssna till individer och grupper som inte med en självklarhet känner sig inbjudna till de kulturella världar som känns självklara för vuxna kulturaktörer. Här är det av vikt att lyssna till och lära av barnen och ungdomarnas egna kulturintressen. Avslutningsvis vill jag tacka de personer som jag har intervjuat, och som har delat med sig av sina kunskaper och erfarenheter. Utan er medverkan hade denna rapport inte kunnat skrivas. Jag vill också passa på att tacka Rebecca Brinch, Ylva Lorentzon, och Lisa Ericson som har läst och bidragit med synpunkter pårapportens innehåll. Ett stort och varmt tack riktas till Annica Thomas och Anna Holmqvist för stöd, tålamod, synpunkter, och för er rika kunskap.

  • 30.
    Bernhardt, Eva
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Goldscheider, Frances
    Switek, Malgorzata
    Attitudes toward work and parenthood following family-building transitions in Sweden: Identifying differences by gender and education2023In: Demographic Research, ISSN 1435-9871, Vol. 49, p. 783-808Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES This paper examines how family-building transitions (union formation and first birth) affect the attitudes of Swedes toward work and parenthood. The literature finds that these life course transitions have a traditionalizing effect on gender roles. Is this also the case in Sweden, one of the most gender-equal countries in the world? METHODS Our study uses the longitudinal Young Adult Panel Study database. We run first-difference OLS regressions on the relationship between family-building transitions and work and parenthood attitudes, distinguishing men from women, and those with more education from those with less. RESULTS We find that family transitions do slightly traditionalize attitudes toward work and parenthood, but differences by gender and education are very small. DISCUSSION AND CONTRIBUTION The overall pattern is one of striking similarity between men and women, suggesting that the gender revolution is well advanced in Sweden; traditional gender differences remain primarily among those with less education.

  • 31. Lee, D. Susie
    et al.
    Nitsche, Natalie
    Barclay, Kieron
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Germany; Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study, Sweden.
    Body mass index in early adulthood and transition to first birth: Racial/ethnic and sex differences in the United States NLSY79 Cohort2023In: Population Studies, ISSN 0032-4728, E-ISSN 1477-4747, Vol. 77, no 2, p. 241-261Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Studies show that body mass index during early adulthood (‘early BMI’) predicts the transition to first birth, but early childbearers tend to be omitted from such studies. This sample selection distorts the prevalence of childlessness, and particularly the racial/ethnic heterogeneity therein, because first birth timing differs by race/ethnicity. We imputed pre-parenthood early BMI for a larger sample, including early childbearers, for the same United States NLSY79 data used in a previous study and simulated differences in the probability of childlessness at age 40+ using posterior distributions based on the Bayesian framework. Obesity was consistently associated with higher childlessness across racial/ethnic groups in both sexes, but only among obese women were first births delayed until after early adulthood. The overall lower childlessness among the underweight women appeared largely driven by Black women. Our findings on the intersectionality of race/ethnicity and sex in the BMI–childlessness pathways encourage research on the underlying mechanisms and on more recent cohorts across different societies. 

  • 32.
    Palmtag, Eva-Lisa
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Breaking down break-ups: Studies on the heterogeneity in (adult) children’s outcomes following a parental separation2023Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis comprises three studies investigating heterogeneity in children’s outcomes post parental separation. The studies analyse diversity in outcomes after parental separation, applying both a retrospective long-term approach and a child perspective. The aim is to identify conditions that might buffer negative outcomes, intensify them or add additional stress. The data used comes from the nationally representative Swedish Level of Living Survey (LNU). The first two studies (I and II), take a long-term perspective to investigate outcomes among adult children of divorce or separation compared to adult children from intact families, emphasizing the diversity among separated families. Study III takes a short-term perspective to further understand the diversity in the parent-child relationship after separation.

    Study I focuses on the link between four post-separation childhood circumstances – inter-parental conflict, post-separation contacts with the non-resident parent, age at separation, and the experience of living with a stepparent – and later parent-child contact. The results show that a separation in childhood associates with later intergenerational contact. In general, adult children with separated parents have less frequent contact with their parents compared to children in intact families. Lowest rate of contact is found within the father-child subsystem as the father tends to be the non-resident parent. However, children with regular contact with the non-resident parent showed higher rates of adult contact with the father, without the contact with the mother being negatively influenced. These results support equal contact distribution between children and both parents in childhood after a parental separation.

    Study II uses a similar approach but focuses on variance in the adult child’s health and the main heterogeneity aspect under investigation is family conflicts. The results show that both parental separation and conflicts in the childhood family associates with children’s self-rated health in adulthood. Although parental separation can lower the degree of parental conflict, parent-child conflicts are still associated with a higher risk of less than good self-rated health in adulthood after controlling for separation. These results support the spillover hypothesis and suggest that parental quarrels spill over into the parent-child relationship. It underlines the importance of considering children’s own participation in family concerns during childhood.

    Study III applies a “here and now” approach and investigate how children’s perception of the relationships with their parents is influenced by residence arrangements and other post-separation circumstances. The findings indicate that shared residence arrangements enable children to maintain a social relationship with both parents post-separation to a higher degree compared with children in a sole parental residence. Additionally, the study found no significant difference in emotional support seeking patterns between children in shared residence arrangement and those in intact families. These results support previous research highlighting the benefits of shared residence when it comes to maintaining high levels of parent-child contact as well as support after the parental break-up. Collectively, these three studies contribute to the field of family sociology and separation (divorce) research by providing new insights into the effects of parental separation on child outcomes.

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  • 33.
    Bengtsson, Petter
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Buyers and Sellers on the Stockholm Housing Market2023Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Buying and selling housing is for most a very important event that can strongly affect their financial situation. At the same time homes are recognized as places with great importance above and beyond financial matters and in everyday talk and in the previous literature homes are described as safe-havens, status symbols, influencing networks of friends and acquaintances, canvasses for projecting identity, tied to gentrification, segregation and much more. Previous literature tends to separate and focus on either economic/financial aspects or more symbolic values in housing, and/or separate its analysis to either owners of homes or buyers of homes. This study bridges the restricted focus in the previous literature by analyzing both buying and selling housing from an economical sociological viewpoint. The market and case is buying and selling housing in the County of Stockholm and since often the same household appear on both sides of the market close in time, a switch-role activity, the notion of switching and how the two roles relate to one and the same actor is central to explain. The explanation provided is further warranted in that this type of market, understudied in all types of previous literature, is a type of market which, not at least via internet platforms, is growing in volume. By ethnographic work, interviews and observations, buyers and sellers of housing are studied and analyzed. The theoretical concept of modes is used to create an understanding and explanation of housing buyers’ and sellers’ actions. The three research questions; what buyers and sellers do, how they do it, and why they do it are tied to the mode apparatus. Buyers are found to be disperse as their mode displays are plenty and varied. Some buyers are committed and certain of what they want in the future home and what the right price is, while some are eager to learn and find out what a good housing deal is. Others display modes of dreaming of future homes, play shop or try to learn what the proper way to buy housing really is or should be. Sellers are found to be much more coherent as group and as one mode display. The relatively set way in which sellers are provided a script on what to do and how to do it make them remarkably conformist. Sellers are found to show great trust in the institutional practice of the housing market. The lack of personal and subjective displays of identity and taste stand out. Sellers are found to display a general mode of involution, where culture and style tends to be ever watered down. Comparing the two sides of the market, buying and selling housing are therefore understood as two very different activities housed under one roof. Many actors appear on both sides of the market, as both buyer and seller close in time, but what the actor subjectively value as buyer and what influence their mode display, is not relevant when switching to selling. What is won for the buyer in the sense of having a distinct subjective mode is lost in uncertainty about what is the best deal on a unit of housing. Sellers on the other hand have little ability to display any real image and identity in their home for sale. However, what is lost in not having a distinct subjective mode display is then won in the certainty that following the script will secure the best possible deal. The study’s results point towards the value of further empirical work on switch-role markets to provide an extended knowledge of what is found here. 

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  • 34. Hobson, Barbara
    et al.
    Olah, Livia
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Sandström, Glenn
    Changes in family diversity in Sweden: opportunities, constraints and challenges2023In: The changing faces of families: diverse family forms in various policy contexts / [ed] Marina A. Adler; Karl Lenz, London: Routledge, 2023, p. 142-163Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter traces the changes in family diversity within the social, cultural and legal context of the Swedish welfare state. We focus on three distinctive features, deeply rooted in Swedish law and policy that have shaped family law, discourses and practices of doing a family: (1) the framing of gender equality; (2) the construction and privileging of biological fatherhood; and (3) the mother/father binary in the heteronormative family. The gender equality framework has allowed for agency and choice in the doing of family. The latter two have impeded LGBTQA+ couples and single women from forming families through access to MAR and ultimately from achieving the full legal recognition of their parenthood. Throughout the chapter, we reveal the complexities, contradictions and ambivalent positions in Swedish policy and law by tracing the barriers that had to be overcome and the challenges that remain for the recognition of diverse family forms.

  • 35. Porthan, Elviira
    et al.
    Lindberg, Matti
    Härkönen, Juho
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Scheinin, Noora M.
    Karlsson, Linnea
    Karlsson, Hasse
    Ekholm, Eeva
    Childhood trauma and fear of childbirth: findings from a birth cohort study2023In: Archives of Women's Mental Health, ISSN 1434-1816, E-ISSN 1435-1102, Vol. 26, no 4, p. 523-529Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study is to investigate if experiencing childhood trauma (emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical abuse, physical neglect, or sexual abuse) or a greater total burden of childhood trauma increase the risk of fear of childbirth (FOC). This study included 2556 women living in Southwest Finland. Women were recruited during routine ultrasound visits at gestational week (gwk) 12. Experiencing childhood trauma was assessed in retrospect with the Trauma and Distress Scale (TADS) questionnaire completed at gwk 14. Information on the diagnosis of FOC (ICD-10 diagnosis O99.80) was obtained from the Finnish Medical Birth Register. Associations between childhood trauma (domains and total TADS score) and FOC were analyzed with logistic regression in unadjusted and adjusted models. Emotional abuse (aOR 1.25, 95% CI 1.10–1.42), emotional neglect (aOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.08–1.46), and a greater total burden of trauma (TADS total score) (aOR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02–1.10) increased the risk for FOC. We found no evidence for physical abuse (aOR 1.15, 95% CI 1.00–1.32), physical neglect (aOR 1.06, 95% CI 0.92–1.22), and sexual abuse (aOR 1.24, 95% CI 0.99–1.56) associating with FOC. Childhood emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and a greater total burden of childhood trauma increase the risk for FOC. However, the childhood traumatic events were inquired in retrospect, which could distort the events. 

  • 36.
    Turunen, Jani
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Södertörn University, Sweden.
    Hagquist, Curt
    Child-perceived parental support and knowledge in shared physical custody and other living arrangements for children2023In: Journal of Family Research, ISSN 2699-2337, Vol. 35, p. 145-161Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: The aim of this paper is to develop an understanding of how child-perceived parental support and knowledge among children in Sweden differ across ten forms of residential arrangement.

    Background: Shared physical custody has become an increasingly common arrangement for children in separated families in many European countries. In an international comparison, Sweden has a high rate of parental union dissolution but also the highest prevalence of shared physical custody arrangements following divorce or separation. Over a third of all children with divorced or separated parents spend an equal amount of time living in both parental households.

    Method: We used data from the Swedish HBSC survey from 2013/14, which are focused on children in grades 5, 7 and 9 in the Swedish comprehensive school system (n=7360) and used perceived parental support and perceived parental knowledge scales as dependent variables in multiple ordered logistic regressions conducted separately by the sex of the parent.

    Results: The results show that children in shared physical custody report higher levels of parental support and knowledge than children in sole physical custody and equally high as those who live in a two-parent family. Children living in non-symmetrical physical custody arrangements report lower levels of paternal support and knowledge than children whose parents share physical custody equally. Maternal support and knowledge does not differ between children living in symmetrical and non-symmetrical shared physical custody arrangements, whereas paternal support and knowledge is lower in families where the child lives in an unequal residential sharing arrangement with the mother as the main co-residential parent.

    Conclusion: Post-divorce living arrangements are clearly associated with the relationship between parents and children, with children in shared physical custody reporting stronger relationships than children in sole physical custody. The cross-sectional nature of the data prevents us from drawing conclusions on causality, however.

  • 37.
    Schiratzki, Johanna
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Law, Department of Law. Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Children’s Right to Have Rights – on the Importance of Statutory Rights for Swedish Children Living outside the Country2023In: The Rights of the Child: Legal, Political and Ethical Challenges / [ed] Rebecca Adami; Anna Kaldal; Margareta Aspán, Leiden/Boston: Brill Nijhoff, 2023, p. 15-31Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The rights of the child are a multi-dimensional phenomenon that could be conceptualized from many angels, as witnesses this anthology. The multi-dimensional perspective remains within a singular field of knowledge, such as legal science. The complexity of children’s rights may, at least in part, explain the yearning for more statutory rights to meet the expectations of rights as tools for a better society. An example is the momentum behind the 2020 incorporation of the CRC into Swedish statutory law. The incorporation adds to the numerous statutes regarding children in Swedish law, covering most childhood; from reproduction through healthcare, parental break-up, education, delinquency and coming of age. An important challenge, however, is the understanding of the right to equal treatment for children whom are considered to have a “weak” legal connection to the Sweden. This might be children seeking asylum, undocumented children, EU-migrants but also children with dual-citizenship. Recent development indicates that Swedish child citizens in the detention camps in the North-eastern Syria are to be added to this category. This development has prompted a disagreement between the United Nations’ High Commissioner of Human Rights and the Swedish Government on the importance of human rights, statutory rights and jurisdiction. Taking stock of the statutory rights of children according to Swedish law, the legal measures available for the repatriation of the reported 30 Swedish children from the detention camps in the north-eastern Syria are outlined as a test-case of the importance of statutory rights for children.

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  • 38.
    Kirgil, Zeynep Melis
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Collective Intentionality and Solidarity: A Multi-Methodological Investigation of How Collective Intentionality Shapes Solidarity on Different Levels of Analysis2023Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Collective intentionality lies at the heart of solidarity and social action. Collective intentions refer to thinking in a “We-mode” oriented toward the social group, contrary to individual-oriented thinking in “I-mode”. Theories in philosophy and sociology have long recognized the importance of collective intentions for solidarity. Yet, less is known about how collective intentions affect solidarity on different levels of analysis. The dissertation aims to introduce collective intentions to sociological research and to close the research gap by studying the relationship between collective intentions and solidarity. In study I, we study collective intentions in small group dynamics via an online experiment. We find that collective intentions are strongly related to solidarity and emerge through social interactions in groups. Study II uses computational text analysis and qualitative in-depth reading to investigate how US governors draw on collective intentionality to mobilize people during the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that political leaders evoke collective intentionality by emphasizing unity, vulnerability, action, and community boundaries. While Democratic governors emphasize a shared agency between government and citizens, Republican governors highlight more of a top-down approach to governmental action. Similarly, study III examines political leaders’ use of collective intentionality and the distribution of governmental and civic roles across nine countries during the coronavirus pandemic. While all political leaders highlight the importance of unity, solidarity, and social action in public speeches, I find that political leaders’ narrative on the distribution of governmental and civic roles does not align with existing patterns across party lines. Finally, study IV focuses on whether politicians’ use of collective intentionality in times of crisis influences peoples’ solidary intentions and behavior in an online experiment. We find no evidence that collective intentionality in political speeches affects solidarity, suggesting that collective intentionality cannot be built through speech acts only, without being based on shared we-experiences, community, and trust. Taken together, the studies in this dissertation contribute to research on collective intentionality and solidarity. Within social group interaction, collective intentionality fosters social cohesion and solidarity. In crises, collective intentionality provides insight into the group boundaries, responsibilities, and distribution of roles. 

     

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  • 39.
    Sandström, Glenn
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Umeå University, Sweden.
    Padyab, Mojgan
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Umeå University, Sweden.
    Noguchi, Haruko
    Fu, Rong
    Convergence and persistent contrasts in the determinants of working-age women in Sweden and Japan living alone since the 1990s2023In: GENUS, E-ISSN 2035-5556, Vol. 79, article id 11Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The increase in one-person households (OPHs) in the developed world is often seen as the result of a trend in which individualistic values and behaviors are replacing family solidarity. Nordic countries have been identified as frontrunners in this development. In Asia, equally developed countries like Japan retain elements of a strong-family system and an asymmetrical gender regime, simultaneously as they are experiencing rapid increases in OPHs. This article aims to uncover how the demographic and socioeconomic composition of OPHs have developed since the 1990s among working-age women in Sweden and Japan. Our results show that, in particular, civil status and income play different roles for OPH-living in Sweden and Japan. In contrast to Japan, the level of OPHs remained stable over time in Sweden, and even declined among women with high incomes. This suggests that the negative association between family formation and women’s economic activity is temporary and only prevails as long as society has not adapted to the convergence of men’s and women’s socioeconomic roles. The findings are discussed in light of the “second demographic transition” and “dual equilibrium theory”.

  • 40.
    Mondani, Hernan
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Institute for Futures Studies, Sweden; Department of Sociology, Umeå University, Sweden.
    Askanius, Tina
    Institute for Futures Studies, Sweden; School of Arts and Communication, Malmö University.
    Rostami, Amir
    Institute for Futures Studies, Sweden; Department of Social Work and Criminology, University of Gävle, Sweden.
    Country Chapters: Sweden2023In: Transnational linkages between violent right-wing extremism, terrorism and organized crime / [ed] Alexander Ritzmann, Berlin: Counter Extremism Project (CEP) , 2023, p. 80-90Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 41.
    Mondani, Hernan
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Institute for Futures Studies, Sweden; Umeå University, Sweden.
    Rostami, Amir
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Institute for Futures Studies, Sweden; University of Gävle, Sweden.
    Criminal nomads: The role of multiple memberships in the criminal collaboration network between Hells Angels MC and Bandidos MC2023In: The Criminology of Carlo Morselli: Part II / [ed] David Décary-Hétu; Rémi Boivin, Routledge, 2023Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 42. Goetz, Judith
    et al.
    Höft, Swantje
    Olah, Livia
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Pető, Andrea
    „Demografischer Tsunami“ und „Willkommenskultur für Ungeborene“ – bevölkerungspolitische Diskurse der EU-Institutionen auf Twitter und die Rolle rechter und konservativer Kräfte2023In: ZRex – Zeitschrift für Rechtsextremismusforschung, ISSN 2701-9624, Vol. 3, no 2, p. 242-256Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The European Union has faced substantial demographic challenges in recent times and will continue to do so in the future. This paper analyses why and how demographic discourses were hijacked by illiberal, right-wing, and conservative forces. Looking at Twitter posts of members and political parties of the European Parliament from 2015 to 2021, it explores i) who are the main actors interpreting demographic trends; ii) what issues they discuss, and which explanatory frameworks they use. Critical discourse analysis is the analytical tool applied. This study adds to current research and presents the first quantitative analysis of historical Twitter data in the field of demographic discourses. The key findings of the Twitter analysis show that EU institutions are aware that demographic change is primarily driven by the ageing population, migration, and low birth rates. While there is consensus across EU actors that the ageing population is a major demographic challenge, other trends remain disputed or vaguely mentioned.

  • 43.
    Kridahl, Linda
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Duvander, Ann-Zofie
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Depressive symptoms, gender equality and belongingness among older partnered individuals in Sweden2023In: Community, Work and Family, ISSN 1366-8803, E-ISSN 1469-3615Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Approximately one-third of all older adults in Sweden report periods with depressive symptoms. The study aims to find explanations for older partnered individuals’ depressive symptoms by focusing on their gender attitudes, household division of labor and conformity to younger partnered individuals’ commonly held gender attitudes and household division of labor. Analyses are based on a subsample (n respondents 1764) from the Swedish Generations and Gender Survey (2012/2013) including individuals aged 60–80. The analytical strategy is logistic regression. The findings show that individuals with traditional gender attitudes are more likely to report a high level of depressive symptoms than individuals with transitional (i.e. attitudes in between traditional and egalitarian attitudes) and individuals with egalitarian gender attitudes. Lower conformity to commonly held gender attitudes is also associated with a high level of depressive symptoms. However, neither the household division of labor nor conformity to common household division was associated with depressive symptoms. In later life, gender attitudes thus seem more important for depressive symptoms than the actual household division of labor. It may be that attitudes are more important than behavior among older couples, and a reason for this may be that behavior is likely more restricted by practical circumstances.

  • 44.
    Juárez, Sol Pia
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Public Health Sciences.
    Cederström, Agneta
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Public Health Sciences, Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS).
    Aradhya, Siddartha
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Rostila, Mikael
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Public Health Sciences.
    Differences in hospitalizations associated with severe COVID-19 disease among foreign- and Swedish-born2023In: European Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1101-1262, E-ISSN 1464-360X, Vol. 33, no 3, p. 522-527Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Differences in pre-existing health conditions are hypothesized to explain immigrants' excess COVID-19 mortality compared to natives. In this study, we evaluate whether immigrants residing in Sweden before the outbreak were more likely to be hospitalized for conditions associated with severe COVID-19 disease. Methods A cohort study using population-register data was conducted with follow-up between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2017. Poisson regression was fitted to estimate incidence rate ratio (RR) and 95% confident intervals (95% CI) for 10 causes of hospitalization. Results Compared to Swedish-born individuals, most immigrant groups showed a decreased risk of hospitalization for respiratory chronic conditions, CVD, cancer, chronic liver conditions and neurological problems. All immigrant groups had increased risk of hospitalization for tuberculosis [RR between 88.49 (95% CI 77.21; 101.40) for the Horn of Africa and 1.69 (95% CI 1.11; 2.58) for North America], HIV [RR between 33.23 (95% CI 25.17; 43.88) for the rest of Africa and 1.31 (95% CI 0.93; 1.83) for the Middle East] and, with a few exceptions, also for chronic kidney conditions, diabetes and thalassemia. Conclusions Foreign-born individuals-including origins with excess COVID-19 mortality in Sweden-did not show increased risk of hospitalizations for most causes associated with severe COVID-19 disease. However, all groups showed increased risks of hospitalization for tuberculosis and HIV and, with exceptions, for chronic kidney conditions, diabetes and thalassemia. Although studies should determine whether these health conditions explain the observed excess COVID-19 mortality, our study alerts to an increased risk of hospitalization that can be avoidable via treatment or preventive measures.

  • 45. Holstein Mercer, Katie
    et al.
    Möllborn, Stefanie
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. University of Colorado Boulder, USA.
    Distinction through distancing: Norm formation and enforcement during the COVID-19 pandemic2023In: Social Science and Medicine, ISSN 0277-9536, E-ISSN 1873-5347, Vol. 338, article id 116334Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The unequal spread of COVID-19 was accompanied by disparities in adherence to social distancing. Research is needed on social processes that facilitated widespread adherence to distancing, how they connected with existing resource access and belief systems, and how they potentially strengthened intergroup boundaries. We integrated insights from research on social norms and cultural capital to analyze early pandemic (April–August 2020) qualitative interviews with parents and their teenage children in two higher-resource communities in the United States. Our findings uncovered four interrelated processes that facilitated the rapid establishment of norms around distancing, concurrently strengthening group boundaries. Community members: 1) drew on existing cultural capital to smooth the establishment of new social norms, 2) associated social distancing with individual moral worth and community identity, 3) applied double standards that granted certain exceptions to ingroup members to maintain social cohesion, and 4) drew strong distinctions between their own and outsiders’ social distancing behaviors and moral worth. Our findings articulate social processes that allowed for rapid cohesion around distancing and show how these mechanisms strengthened existing community social boundaries.

  • 46.
    Duvander, Ann-Zofie
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Nyberg, Anita
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Ethnology, History of Religions and Gender Studies, Gender Studies.
    Diversity of Childcare Politics in the Nordic Welfare States2023In: The Oxford Handbook of Family Policy over the Life Course: A Life-Course Perspective / [ed] Mary Daly; Birgit Pfau-Effinger; Neil Gilbert; Douglas J. Besharov, New York: Oxford University Press , 2023, p. 655-677Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The chapter examines the development of publicly financed childcare (PFC) and cash for care in Finland, Norway, and Sweden, from the 1960s until today. These three countries show quite different development trajectories over time. In all three, but especially Finland and Sweden, women entered the labor market before the PFC services had developed and childcare was initially arranged privately. Informal family day care was eventally replaced by formal family day carers being employed by the municipality. This happened less in Norway, where women entered the labor market later. Preschool activity then expanded over time, first in Sweden and somewhat later in Finland and Norway. Over time preschools became the dominant form of childcare, but the prevalence of cash for care differentiates the situation in the three countries, especially regarding children's age at start of PFC. Today, Finland is the country where cash for care is still widely used and children start later in preschools. The chapter also describes the comparative cost and subsidized fees of PFC, when various parental groups got access to PFC, and indicators of quality in the three countries. The authors draw the conclusion that the motivation to expand PFC to facilitate women's work has today been replaced by a motivation centered around children's needs, a move in which informal caregivers have been replaced by educated preschool teachers. 

  • 47. Saarela, Jan
    et al.
    Kolk, Martin
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Åbo Akademi University, Finland.
    Uggla, Caroline
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Åbo Akademi University, Finland.
    Divorce among exogamous couples: The role of language convergence2023In: Acta Sociologica, ISSN 0001-6993, E-ISSN 1502-3869, Vol. 66, no 4, p. 402-420Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This is the first study to use longitudinal population register data to illustrate that marital stability may relate to the adoption of the spouse's language. The paper draws on theories of boundary shifting and boundary crossing to examine two main ancestral groups in Finland, Finnish speakers and Swedish speakers, between whom intermarriage is common. Administrative changes in how the question about language/ethnicity was registered between the censuses of 1975 and 1980 make it possible to distinguish between persons who are concordant or discordant on the main language used and ethnic affiliation. Using data on the entire married population, and adjusting for several individuals and couple characteristics, we estimate the couples' divorce risk as a function of language convergence with Cox regressions. Discordance in terms of adopting the Finnish language used by the partner is associated with a higher divorce risk, as compared with couples who are exogamous in terms of both language use and ethnic affiliation. Adopting the Swedish language, on the other hand, is associated with a slightly reduced divorce risk. Thus, these data provide some evidence that marital stability may relate to language convergence.

  • 48.
    Härkönen, Juho
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. European University Institute, Italy.
    Jalovaara, Marika
    Lappalainen, Eevi
    Miettinen, Anneli
    Double Disadvantage in a Nordic Welfare State: A Demographic Analysis of the Single-Parent Employment Gap in Finland, 1987-20182023In: European Journal of Population, ISSN 0168-6577, E-ISSN 1572-9885, Vol. 39, no 1, article id 2Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study demonstrates how an evolving negative educational gradient of single parenthood can interact with changing labour market conditions to shape labour market inequalities between partnered and single parents. We analysed trends in employment rates among Finnish partnered and single mothers and fathers from 1987 to 2018. In the late 1980s’ Finland, single mothers’ employment was internationally high and on par with that of partnered mothers, and single fathers’ employment rate was just below that of partnered fathers. The gaps between single and partnered parents emerged and increased during the 1990s recession, and after the 2008 economic crisis, it widened further. In 2018, the employment rates of single parents were 11–12 percentage points lower than those of partnered parents. We ask how much of this single-parent employment gap could be explained by compositional factors, and the widening educational gradient of single parenthood in particular. We use Chevan and Sutherland’s decomposition technique on register data, which allows us to decompose the single-parent employment gap into the composition and rate effects by each category of the background variables. The findings point to an increasing double disadvantage of single parents: the gradually evolving disadvantage in educational backgrounds together with large differences in employment rates between single and partnered parents with low education explain large parts of the widening employment gap. Sociodemographic changes in interaction with changes in the labour market can produce inequalities by family structure in a Nordic society known for its extensive support for combining childcare and employment for all parents.

  • 49.
    Wallace, Matthew
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Hiam, Lucinda
    Aldridge, Robert
    Elevated mortality among the second-generation (children of migrants) in Europe: what is going wrong? A review2023In: British Medical Bulletin, ISSN 0007-1420, E-ISSN 1471-8391, Vol. 148, no 1, p. 5-21Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: The ‘second-generation’ (i.e. the children of migrants) represent one of the fastest growing subpopulations of the child and young adult populations in Europe today. The research so far appears to indicate that their mortality risk is elevated relative to people with non-migrant backgrounds.

    Sources of data: Peer-reviewed publications.

    Areas of agreement: Second-generation status is a clear marker of elevated mortality risk in Europe in early life (including stillbirth, perinatal, neonatal and infant mortality) and adulthood, particularly if the parent(s) were born outside of Europe. Socioeconomic inequality plays an important, albeit rarely defining, role in these elevated risks.

    Areas of controversy: It remains unclear what causes-of-death are driving these elevated mortality risks. The exact influence of (non-socioeconomic) explanatory factors (e.g. health care, racism & discrimination, and factors related to integration) on the elevated mortality risks of the second-generation also remains unclear.

    Growing points: The second-generation will continue to grow and diversify in Europe; we must intervene to address these inequalities now.

    Areas timely for developing research: Place more emphasis on the complexity of migration background, specific causes-of-death, and understanding the roles of explanatory factors beyond socioeconomic background.

  • 50.
    Switzer, Ryan
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Beauduin, Adrien
    Embodied nativism in Denmark: rethinking violence and the far right2023In: Ethnic and Racial Studies, ISSN 0141-9870, E-ISSN 1466-4356, Vol. 46, no 7, p. 1335-1356Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Since 2017, the Danish far right party Stram Kurs has staged hundreds of Islamophobic demonstrations in neighbourhoods known for their ethnic minority and Muslim communities. Confrontational counterprotesters are filmed by far right activists who widely diffuse the footage on social media. These scenes of “native” bodies under duress from racialized others serve the far right as evidence of an incompatibility between racialized foreigners and the Danish ethnically defined nation. When far right activists subject their bodies to potential violence they are embodying nativism; dramatizing the threat of ethnic impurity to the nation. Embodied nativism denotes how actors imbue bodies with – and physically perform – values linked to essentialized ethnic categories to advance exclusionary claims. We develop this concept through visual analysis, utilizing images to show how scenes of embodied nativism exploit liberal frameworks of free speech, violence, and nonviolence; framing counterprotesters as racialized aggressors on the national body politic. 

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