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  • 1.
    Besley, Timothy
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Persson, Torsten
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Economic Approaches to Political Institutions2008In: The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics / [ed] Steven N. Durlauf, Lawrence E. Blume, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008, 2. edChapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Political institutions affect the rules of the game in which politics is played. Economists now have theoretical approaches to explain the impact of institutions on policy, and empirical evidence to support the relevance of the theory. This article sketches a framework to inform discussions about how political institutions shape policy outcomes. It does so using four examples: majoritarian versus proportional elections; parliamentary versus presidential government; whether to impose term-limits on office holders; and the choice between direct and representative democracy. Each example illustrates how theory and data can be brought together to investigate a specific issue.

  • 2.
    Besley, Timothy
    et al.
    London School of Economics.
    Persson, Torsten
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Wars and State Capacity2008In: Journal of the European Economic Association, ISSN 1542-4766, E-ISSN 1542-4774, Vol. 6, no 2-3, p. 522-530Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The article builds a simple model to investigate how different types of armed conflict shape fiscal capacity: the state's ability to raise revenue from taxes. It starts from the simple observation that external war tends to generate common interests across groups in society, whereas internal, civil war entails deep conflicting interests across groups. Our model predicts that-compared to a society without conflict-civil wars lead to smaller investments in fiscal capacity, whereas prospects of external war generally lead to larger investments. Correlations in international data on conflicts and taxation are, by and large, consistent with these predictions.

  • 3.
    Calmfors, Lars
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Comment on Charles Wyplosz: Fiscal Policy Councils - Unlovable or Just Unloved?2008In: Swedish Economic Policy Review, ISSN 1400-1829, Vol. 15Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 4.
    Calmfors, Lars
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Kris i det svenska avtalssystemet?2008In: Ekonomisk Debatt, no 1Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 5.
    Calmfors, Lars
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Dimdins, Girts
    Gustafsson Sendén, Marie
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Montgomery, Henry
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Stavlöt, Ulrica
    Trade in goods, trade in services and outsourcing - How do attitudes differ?2008Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Free trade in goods has become more or less generally accepted. On the other hand, the debates on wages for posted workers in several EU countries as well as the controversy around the new EU Service Directive show that there are much more hostile attitudes towards free trade in services. However, for economists it is natural to analyze trade in services – and their labour market implications – in a similar way as trade in goods. The objective of the project is to document to what extent attitudes towards trade in goods, trade in services and offshoring (outsourcing) differ and to explain what factors that could account for this. First, we examine the “rational” (conscious) arguments that people may have against free trade in services and offshoring. Some of these arguments deal with people’s perceptions of the changes in expected utility that would result from the opening up of international trade in services and offshoring, whereas others deal with the perceptions of the effects on broader “values” such as fairness and social cohesion. Second, we look at a number of “psychological” (unconscious) factors that are known to affect people’s judgments in public policy issues. Such factors are usually related to people’s motivation to maintain psychological and emotional comfort and coherent self-image. Two studies are presented in this report. The results from a nation wide survey with 1000 respondents showed that free trade in services and offshoring is more negatively evaluated than free trade. The results also show that “rational” factors cannot account for the difference in attitudes to different types of trade. Our conclusion was that there must exist some psychological mechanisms that cause this overall more negative attitude towards trade in services and offshoring. The result from experiments showed that it was possible to separate more permanent specific attitudes underlying the attitude towards free trade in goods from unstable and contextual specific attitudes that are constructed on the spot in order to make one’s position more coherent. It was also found that the attitude may depend on personality oriented factors (prevention or promotions focus) as well as social psychological factors (ingroup favoritism). We hope that the results of the present investigation may be useful in the area of trade politics for improving the communication between economists and people in general.

  • 6.
    Ekholm, Karolina
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics.
    Calmfors, Lars
    Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Andersen, Torben
    Flodén, Martin
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics.
    Hartman, Laura
    Kolm, Ann-Sofie
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics.
    Eriksson, Per-Ola
    Åsbrink, Erik
    Svensk Finanspolitik 2008: Finanspolitiska rådets rapport 20082008Report (Other academic)
  • 7. Gonzalez-Eiras, Martìn
    et al.
    Niepelt, Dirk
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    The Future of Social Security2008In: Journal of Monetary Economics, ISSN 0304-3932, E-ISSN 1873-1295, Vol. 55, no 2, p. 197-218Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We analyze the effect of the projected demographic transition on the political support for social security, and equilibrium outcomes. Embedding a probabilistic-voting setup of electoral competition in the standard OLG model with capital accumulation, we find that intergenerational transfers arise in the absence of altruism, commitment, or trigger strategies. Closed-form solutions predict population ageing to lead to higher social security tax rates, a rising share of pensions in GDP, but eventually lower social security benefits per retiree. The response of equilibrium tax rates to demographic shocks reduces old-age consumption risk. Calibrated to match features of the U.S. economy, the model suggests that, in response to the projected demographic transition, social security tax rates will gradually increase to 16%. Other policies that distort labor supply will become less important; labor supply therefore will rise, in contrast with frequently voiced fears.

  • 8.
    Hassler, John
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Krusell, Per
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Zilibotti, Fabrizio
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Storesletten, Kjetil
    On the Optimal Timing of Capital Taxation2008In: Journal of Monetary Economics, ISSN 0304-3932, Vol. 55, no 4Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 9.
    Hassler, John
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Rodríguez Mora, José V.
    Unemployment Insurance Design: How to Induce Moving and Retraining2008In: European Economic Review, ISSN 0014-2921, Vol. 52, no 5Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 10. Heathcote, Jonathan
    et al.
    Storesletten, Kjetil
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Violante, Giovanni
    Insurance and Opportunities: A Welfare Analysis of Labor Market Risk2008In: Journal of Monetary EconomicsArticle in journal (Refereed)
  • 11.
    Kolm, Ann-Sofie
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics.
    Andersen, Torben
    Calmfors, Lars
    Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Ekholm, Karolina
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics.
    Flodén, Martin
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics.
    Hartman, Laura
    Johansson, Per-Ola
    Åsbrink, Erik
    Svensk Finanspolitik: Finanspolitiska rådets rapport 20082008Report (Other academic)
  • 12.
    Krusell, Per
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Azzimonti Reno, Marina
    de Francisco, Eva
    Aggregation and Aggregation2008In: Journal of the European Economic Association, ISSN 1542-4766, Vol. 6, no 2-3Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 13.
    Krusell, Per
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Klein, Paul
    Rios-Rull, Jose-Victor
    Time-Consistent Public Expenditures2008In: Review of Economic Studies, ISSN 00346527, Vol. 55, no 4Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 14.
    Krusell, Per
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Mukoyama, Toshihiko
    Rogerson, Richard
    Sahin, Aysegul
    The Aggregate Implications of Indivisible Labor, Incomplete Markets, and Frictions2008In: Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 55, no 5Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 15.
    Lindbeck, Assar
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Economic-Social Interaction in China2008In: Economics of Transition, Vol. 16Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 16.
    Lindbeck, Assar
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Ett samhällsekonomiskt perspektiv på överskottsmålet2008In: Statens framtida finanser, Stockholm: SNS , 2008Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 17.
    Lindbeck, Assar
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Prospects for the Welfare State2008Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    It is useful to distinguish between exogenous and endogenous factors behind contemporary and expected future problems for the welfare state. This paper tries to identify major problems of both types and to indicate alternative reform possibilities to deal with them. At the same time as several governments struggle with such reforms, new demands on the welfare state emerge. Although the basic structure of today’s welfare-state arrangements certainly can be kept, the reforms required are sufficiently large to create considerable conflicts across interest groups.

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  • 18.
    Lindbeck, Assar
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Sociala normer och socialförsäkringar – Teori och svenska erfarenheter2008In: Ekonomisk Debatt, no 6Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 19.
    Lindbeck, Assar
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Welfare State2008In: The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2008Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 20.
    Lindbeck, Assar
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Persson, Mats
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    A Continuous Model of Income Insurance2008Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    We develop a simple yet realistic model of income insurance, where the individual’s ability and willingness to work is treated as a continuous variable. In this framework, income insurance not only provides income smoothing, it also relieves the individual from particularly burdensome work. As a result, the individual adjusts his labor supply in a continuous fashion to the implicit tax wedge of the insurance system. Moral hazard, in the sense that an individual receives insurance benefits without actually being fully qualified, also becomes a matter of degree. Moreover, our continuous framework makes it easy to analyze both the role of administrative rejection of claims, and the role of social norms, for the utilization of insurance.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 21.
    Persson, Torsten
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Tabellini, Guido
    The Growth Effect of Democracy: Is it Heterogenous and How Can it Be Estimated2008In: Institutions and Economic Performance, Harvard university Press , 2008Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 22.
    Strömberg, David
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    How the Electoral College Influences Campaigns and Policy: The Probability of Being Florida2008In: The American Economic Review, ISSN 0002-8282, E-ISSN 1944-7981, Vol. 98, no 3, p. 769-807Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper analyzes how US presidential candidates should allocate resources across states to maximize the probability of winning the election, by developing and estimating a probabilistic-voting model of political competition under the Electoral College system. Actual campaigns act in close agreement with the model. There is a 0.9 correlation between equilibrium and actual presidential campaign visits across states, both in 2000 and 2004. The paper shows how presidential candidate attention is affected by the states' number of electoral votes, forecasted state-election outcomes, and forecast uncertainty. It also analyzes the effects of a direct national popular vote for president.

  • 23.
    Strömberg, David
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Snyder, Jr., James M.
    The Media's Influence on Public Policy Decisions2008In: Information and Public Choice: From Media Markets to Policymaking / [ed] Roumeen Islam, Washington, D.C: World Bank , 2008Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 24.
    Svensson, Jakob
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Absorption Capacity and Disbursement Constraints2008In: Reinventing Foreign Aid, The MIT Press , 2008Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 25.
    Svensson, Jakob
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Foreign-Aid and Rent Seeking2008In: 40 Years of Research on Rent Seeking 2: Applications: Rent Seeking in Practice, Springer, Heidelberg , 2008Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 26.
    von Below, David
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Persson, Torsten
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Uncertainty, Climate Change and the Global Economy2008Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The paper illustrates how one may assess our comprehensive uncertainty about the various relations in the entire chain from human activity to climate change. Using a modified version of the RICE model of the global economy and climate, we perform Monte Carlo simulations, where full sets of parameters in the model’s most important equations are drawn randomly from pre-specified distributions, and present results in the forms of fan charts and histograms. Our results suggest that under a Business-As-usual scenario, the median increase of global mean temperature in 2105 relative to 1900 will be around 4.5ºC. The 99 percent confidence interval ranges from 3.0 ºC to 6.9 ºC. Uncertainty about socio-economic drivers of climate change lie behind a non-trivial part of this uncertainty about global warming.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 27.
    Zilibotti, Fabrizio
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Aghion, Philippe
    Burgess, Robin
    Redding, Stephen
    The Unequal Effects of Liberalization: Evidence from Dismanling the License Raj in India2008In: American Economic Review, ISSN 0002-8282, Vol. 98, no 4Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 28.
    Zilibotti, Fabrizio
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
    Doepke, Matthias
    Occupational Choice and the Spirit of Capitalism2008In: Quarterly Journal of Economics, ISSN 0033-5533, Vol. 123, no 2Article in journal (Refereed)
1 - 28 of 28
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