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Hellström, Micaela
Alternative names
Publications (10 of 11) Show all publications
Hedberg, N., Stenson, I., Kautsky, N., Hellström, M. & Tedengren, M. (2017). Causes and consequences of spatial links between sea cage aquaculture and coral reefs in Vietnam. Aquaculture, 481, 245-254
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Causes and consequences of spatial links between sea cage aquaculture and coral reefs in Vietnam
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2017 (English)In: Aquaculture, ISSN 0044-8486, E-ISSN 1873-5622, Vol. 481, p. 245-254Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A majority of the sea cage farms in South East Asia are located close to coral reefs. This causes a conflict between conservation and food production since sea cage aquaculture has a number of negative impacts on coral reefs. The aim of this investigation was to assess the drivers causing the sea cage farmers to place their farms close to reefs and to examine some potential farming effects in detail i.e. usage of coral reef fish for grow out farming and feed. For some 3500 Vietnamese fish and lobster farms, we measured; the distance to the closest coastal city (proxy for infrastructure access), satellite derived Chl a (proxy for water quality), wind fetch, and the adjacent coastal slope and elevation. We also performed 159 semi-structured interviews with fish and lobster cage farmers from three regions in Vietnam. The interviews revealed that the choice of farming site is mainly determined by access to infrastructure, wind and wave shelter, and water quality. Although the farmers used coral reef services, e.g. coral reef derived seedlings, they were in general not aware of coral reef presence or did not find it important for selection of site. Both coral reefs and sea cage farms were found close to steep rocky coasts, which are favorable for corals, and provide sufficient depth for sea cages. Sea cages were always found on the leeward side of the coast where the wind fetch is low enough for the floating farms and their inhabitants. Most of the farms were located within 20 km from a coastal city confirming the importance of access to infrastructure. With few exceptions, sea cage farms were located in areas with good water quality, where also coral reefs are present. The study showed that several of the coral associated species groups farmed were dependent on wild caught seedlings and that 22% of the feed used at farms was trashfish of coral reef associated species. We consider the spatial correlation between sea cage farms and coral reefs as circumstantial and suggest that shared environmental preferences explain the farm distribution pattern, rather than access to ecosystem services provided by the nearby reef itself. We found no evidence that it is necessary for sea cage farms to be located near coral reefs and strongly recommend that sea cages are moved further away from coral reefs, but to areas still providing clear water, shelter and access to infrastructure.

Keywords
Sea cage aquaculture, Coral reef, Vietnam, Coral reef fish, Trashfish
National Category
Biological Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-147829 (URN)10.1016/j.aquaculture.2017.09.009 (DOI)000411453300030 ()
Available from: 2017-11-02 Created: 2017-11-02 Last updated: 2022-02-28Bibliographically approved
Spens, J., Evans, A. R., Halfmaerten, D., Knudsen, S. W., Sengupta, M. E., Mak, S. S. T., . . . Hellström, M. (2017). Comparison of capture and storage methods for aqueous macrobial eDNA using an optimized extraction protocol: advantage of enclosed filter. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 8(5), 635-645
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Comparison of capture and storage methods for aqueous macrobial eDNA using an optimized extraction protocol: advantage of enclosed filter
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2017 (English)In: Methods in Ecology and Evolution, E-ISSN 2041-210X, Vol. 8, no 5, p. 635-645Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Aqueous environmental DNA (eDNA) is an emerging efficient non-invasive tool for species inventory studies. To maximize performance of downstream quantitative PCR (qPCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) applications, quality and quantity of the starting material is crucial, calling for optimized capture, storage and extraction techniques of eDNA. Previous comparative studies for eDNA capture/storage have tested precipitation and open' filters. However, practical enclosed' filters which reduce unnecessary handling have not been included. Here, we fill this gap by comparing a filter capsule (Sterivex-GP polyethersulfone, pore size 022m, hereafter called SX) with commonly used methods. Our experimental set-up, covering altogether 41 treatments combining capture by precipitation or filtration with different preservation techniques and storage times, sampled one single lake (and a fish-free control pond). We selected documented capture methods that have successfully targeted a wide range of fauna. The eDNA was extracted using an optimized protocol modified from the DNeasy((R)) Blood & Tissue kit (Qiagen). We measured total eDNA concentrations and Cq-values (cycles used for DNA quantification by qPCR) to target specific mtDNA cytochrome b (cyt b) sequences in two local keystone fish species. SX yielded higher amounts of total eDNA along with lower Cq-values than polycarbonate track-etched filters (PCTE), glass fibre filters (GF) or ethanol precipitation (EP). SX also generated lower Cq-values than cellulose nitrate filters (CN) for one of the target species. DNA integrity of SX samples did not decrease significantly after 2weeks of storage in contrast to GF and PCTE. Adding preservative before storage improved SX results. In conclusion, we recommend SX filters (originally designed for filtering micro-organisms) as an efficient capture method for sampling macrobial eDNA. Ethanol or Longmire's buffer preservation of SX immediately after filtration is recommended. Preserved SX capsules may be stored at room temperature for at least 2weeks without significant degradation. Reduced handling and less exposure to outside stress compared with other filters may contribute to better eDNA results. SX capsules are easily transported and enable eDNA sampling in remote and harsh field conditions as samples can be filtered/preserved on site.

Keywords
capsule, eDNA capture, environmental DNA, extraction, filter, monitoring, quantitative PCR, species-specific detection, water sampling method
National Category
Biological Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-144713 (URN)10.1111/2041-210X.12683 (DOI)000400823400012 ()
Available from: 2017-07-20 Created: 2017-07-20 Last updated: 2024-01-17Bibliographically approved
Berkström, C., Jörgensen, T. L. & Hellström, M. (2013). Ecological connectivity and niche differentiation between two closely related fish species in the mangrove−seagrass−coral reef continuum. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 477, 201-215
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Ecological connectivity and niche differentiation between two closely related fish species in the mangrove−seagrass−coral reef continuum
2013 (English)In: Marine Ecology Progress Series, ISSN 0171-8630, E-ISSN 1616-1599, Vol. 477, p. 201-215Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We aim to understand ontogenetic shifts in habitat use and feeding patterns by 2 fish species, Lutjanus fulviflamma and L. ehrenbergii, within a tropical seascape in East Africa. Stomach contents and stable isotope signatures of muscle tissues (δ13C and δ15N) were compared between and within species. Fish of all life stages and potential food items were sampled from mangrove creeks, seagrass beds, and coral reefs around Mafia Island, Tanzania. Due to similarities in morphology between species, correct species identity was confirmed using genetic barcoding (mtDNA, partial sequence of cytochrome oxidase subunit I [COI]). Stable isotope analysis in R  (based on mixing models) confirmed that δ13C and δ15N values in L. fulviflamma and L. ehrenbergii reflected those of prey items caught in different habitats. Diets and mean δ13C and δ15N values of muscle tissue differed between life stages of fish, indicating ontogenetic changes in habitat and diet. L. fulviflamma and L. ehrenbergii differed in diet and δ13C and δ15N values of muscle tissue, although they overlapped in habitat use, suggesting food resource partitioning between the 2 species. Furthermore, diet overlap indexes were low between subadult species in mangrove and seagrass or coral habitats. L. fulviflamma displayed a diet shift with decreasing importance of small crustaceans in juveniles and an increasing importance of prey fishes in subadults and adults. L. ehrenbergii showed the opposite pattern. The study verifies feeding interlinkage within the mangrove-seagrass-coral reef continuum in Mafia Island by providing strong evidence of ontogenetic migration. Understanding these connections will enhance our ability to manage tropical seascapes, and highlights the need to include multiple habitats in marine protected areas.

Keywords
Stable isotopes, Stomach content, Ontogenetic shifts, Connectivity, Resource partitioning, Coral reef, Seagrass, Mangrove
National Category
Ecology
Research subject
Marine Ecotoxicology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-75190 (URN)10.3354/meps10171 (DOI)000315953300017 ()
Available from: 2012-04-16 Created: 2012-04-11 Last updated: 2022-02-24Bibliographically approved
Hellström, A. M. & Benzie, J. A. (2011). Robustness of size measurements in soft corals. Coral reefs (Print), 30(3), 787-790
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Robustness of size measurements in soft corals
2011 (English)In: Coral reefs (Print), ISSN 0722-4028, E-ISSN 1432-0975, Vol. 30, no 3, p. 787-790Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Accurate colony size measurement in soft-bodied sessile aquatic invertebrates is more difficult than in hard corals because of the variable state of the hydroskeleton in the former. The present study examined variation in colony height, oral disc diameter and basal circumference in three species of soft coral of different morphological types (Sarcophyton elegans, Sinularia flexibilis and Dendronephthya sp.) over a 24-h period. Individual colonies changed considerably in size over this period. Coefficients of variation for height measurements and oral disc were 0.09–0.36 and 0.08–0.28, respectively, but were only 0.02–0.09 for basal circumference, in all three species. Measurements of basal circumference in the field showed the highest correlation with colony biomass (volume after water displacement in formalin) confirming basal circumference to be a sound measure of colony size in repeated measurement studies.

Keywords
Soft coral, Soft-bodied sessile invertebrate, Morphology, Size variation
National Category
Ecology
Research subject
Marine Ecotoxicology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-57216 (URN)10.1007/s00338-011-0760-4 (DOI)000293536600029 ()
Available from: 2011-05-04 Created: 2011-05-04 Last updated: 2022-02-24Bibliographically approved
Hellström, M. (2011). Sex and symbionts: New discoveries in local and regional patterns of coral ecology and reproduction. (Doctoral dissertation). Stockholm: Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Sex and symbionts: New discoveries in local and regional patterns of coral ecology and reproduction
2011 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Alternative title[un]
SINH SẢN VÀ SINH VẬT CỘNG SINH : Khám phá mới về đặc điểm địa phương và khu vực trong sinh thái học và sự sinh sản của san hô
Abstract [en]

Coral reefs belong to the most diverse and the most threatened ecosystems on earth. Anthropogenic stressors and climate change have led to mortalities at levels unprecedented in modern times. The aims of this thesis are to investigate aspects of the corals’ ability to reproduce, disperse, adapt and survive. Papers I-III study reproduction in a common soft coral species, Sarcophyton elegans, with previously unknown reproductive modes. Paper IV investigates genetic distribution of coral-symbiont associations in Galaxea fascicularis focusing on adaptation to the environment along the coastline of Vietnam.

Sarcophyton  elegans is a gonochoric broadcast spawner with a 1:1 sex ratio. Reproduction is strictly size dependent. Oogenesis takes 19-24 months, with a new cycle commencing every year. Spermatogenesis takes 10-12 months. The majority of gametes were released during the annual austral mass spawning event after full moon in November, but spawning also occur between August and February. The polyps at the outer edge of the colonies released their gametes first, followed by polyps situated closer to the center during subsequent months. Colonies upstream in the prevailing current spawn earlier than those downstream. The colonies were arranged in clusters of alternating males and females, which spawned simultaneously and were of the same genotype. Fission and buddying is a common mode to expand locally. Additionally, females undergoing fission divided into the most fecund size classes.

The G. fascicularis and their associated symbionts were not genetically coupled to each other but to environmental factors. The host displayed an inshore-offshore zonation, with higher diversity offshore. The D1a symbiont exhibited an inshore- offshore zonation. In contrast; the 5 different C symbiont types showed a latitudinal distribution gradient, which shifted in dominance north to south. The study highlights the importance of protecting resilient coral and algal genotypes in stressed areas and the need to understand reproductive modes for coral conservation.

Abstract [un]

Các rạn san hô là một trong những hệ sinh thái có tính đa dạng và bị đe dọa cao nhất trên trái đất. Các áp lực từ con người và nhiệt độ nước biển tăng (SSTs) đã gây ra hiện tượng “tẩy trắng” gây chết san hô ở mức độ cao chưa từng thấy trong thời điểm hiện tại. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là tìm hiểu khả năng của san hô trong thích nghi, phân tán và sống sót nhằm duy trì quần thể. Bài báo số II-III là những nghiên cứu đầu tiên về đặc điểm sinh sản của loài san hô mềm phổ biến, Sarcophyton elegan tại Australia. Bài báo số IV nghiên cứu về phân bố nguồn gen của tảo cộng sinh trong loài san hô Galaxea fascicularis, tập trung vào sự thích nghi với môi trường dọc theo vùng biển Việt Nam, khu vực bị ô nhiễm từ lục địa.

Sarcophyton elegans được biết với đặc điểm sinh sản cả vô tính và hữu tính. Loài này là loài sinh sản bằng cách phân tán trứng, với tỷ lệ giới tính là 1:1 và sự sinh sản hữu tính bị khống chế nghiêm ngặt bởi kích cỡ của tập đoàn (Bài báo II, phần phương pháp của Bài báo I). Quá trình tạo trứng kéo dài từ 19 đến 24 tháng với chu kỳ sinh sản lặp lại hàng năm, và sự sinh tinh kéo dài từ 10 đến 12 tháng. Phần lớn giao tử được giải phóng trong một thời gian ngắn sau ngày trăng tròn của tháng 11, nhưng giao tử vẫn được giải phóng trong ngày trăng tròn của các tháng từ tháng 8 đến tháng 1 năm sau. Các polyp autozooid nằm phía ngoài của tập đoàn giải phóng giao tử trước, sau đó là các polyp nằm gần lõi trong các tháng tiếp theo. Các tập đoàn ngược lên trong dòng chảy thịnh hành đẻ trứng sớm hơn các tập đoàn xuôi dòng khoảng một tháng (Bài báo II). Các tập đoàn được sắp xếp thành từng đám từ 7 đến hàng trăm tập đoàn trong mỗi nhóm, bao gồm cả đực và cái. Các tập đoàn trong cùng một nhóm sinh sản cùng một thời điểm. (Bài báo II) và mỗi nhóm có cùng một kiểu di truyền (Bài báo III) có đầy đủ 13 (có thể là 22) kiểu di truyền  khác nhau. Sự phân đôi và kết đôi phụ thuộc hoàn toàn vào kích thước và có lẽ là phương thức mở rộng phổ biến nhất. Sự phân đôi phải mất 2 năm hoặc hơn mới hoàn thành. Thêm vào đó, con cái trải qua quá trình phân đôi thành kích cỡ có khả năng sinh sản cao nhất (Bài báo III).

Có 6 nhóm haplotypes (mtDNA) của loài G. fascicularis và tảo cộng sinh Symbiodinium (ITS2 rDNA) không đóng cặp với nhau nhưng lại gắn với các yếu tố môi trường, có thể như kết quả của phương thức sinh sản của vật chủ (Bài báo IV). Vật chủ có sự phân vùng rõ rệt giữa gần bờ và xa bờ, với sự đa dạng cao hơn hẳn của các rạn xa bờ so với các rạn gần bờ, khu vực thường xuyên bị độ đục, ô nhiễm và lắng đọng trầm tích tác động. Tảo cộng sinh Symbiodinium D1a ITS2 điểm hình của sự phân vùng gần bờ và xa bờ. Ngược lại, 5 loại C khác lại có sự phân vùng theo vĩ tuyến, với sự tăng lên rõ rệt theo chiều Bắc-Nam, cùng với sự ổn định SST và sự tăng lên của các SST. Nghiên cứu này đã chỉ rõ tầm quan trọng trong bảo vệ các loài san hô và tảo biển bản địa tại các khu vực bị đe dọa (Bài báo IV) và sự cần thiết phải hiểu các phương thức sinh sản (Bài báo II-III) và các thông số môi trường trong việc xác định mức độ đa dạn sinh học và sự hấp thụ của sinh vật cộng sinh trong san hô cứng và san hô mềm.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Department of Systems Ecology, Stockholm University, 2011. p. 53
Keywords
Indo-Pacific, S. elegans, G. fascicularis, Symbiodinium, size, reproduction, allozymes, ITS2, mtDNA, geography, environment
National Category
Ecology
Research subject
Marine Ecotoxicology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-56781 (URN)978-91-7447-310-0 (ISBN)
Public defence
2011-05-27, De Geersalen, Geovetenskapens hus, Svante Arrhenius väg 14, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.Available from: 2011-05-05 Created: 2011-04-27 Last updated: 2022-02-24Bibliographically approved
Hellström, M., Kavanagh, K. D. & Benzie, J. A. H. (2010). Multiple spawning events and sexual reproduction in the octocoral Sarcophyton elegans (Cnidaria: Alcyonacea) on Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef. Marine Biology, 157(2), 383-392
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Multiple spawning events and sexual reproduction in the octocoral Sarcophyton elegans (Cnidaria: Alcyonacea) on Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef
2010 (English)In: Marine Biology, ISSN 0025-3162, E-ISSN 1432-1793, Vol. 157, no 2, p. 383-392Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Sarcophyton elegans is a common symbiotic (zooxanthellate) octocoral species in the shallow waters of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Study of a population at Lizard Island (14°40′S, 145°28′E) on the GBR from October 1991 to January 1994 revealed that, as is typical of tropical alcyonarian corals, S. elegans is a gonochoric broadcast spawner with a 1:1 sex ratio. Sexual reproduction was closely correlated with colony size, with first reproduction at 13-cm basal stalk circumference for females and 12 cm for males. Oogenesis took 19–24 months, with a new cycle commencing every year, and spermatogenesis took 10–12 months. The majority of gametes were released during the annual austral mass coral spawning event after the full moon in November, but gametes were also released after the full moon in each month between August and February. All autozooid polyps participated in reproduction, but those at the outer edge of a colony released their gametes first. During subsequent months, the polyps closer to the center of the colony released their gametes. This is a novel strategy of gamete release, reported here for the first time, which accommodates the demands of feeding and reproduction in a different way than other corals where individual polyps have separate feeding or reproductive roles. Colonies upstream in the prevailing current spawned up to 1 month earlier than those downstream and ceased 1 month earlier. The mechanism controlling this spatial differentiation in spawning time, repeatedly observed over three seasons, is unknown. Sarcophyton elegans appears to have a dual strategy of providing protection for its gametes by releasing most of them concurrently with the single, annual mass spawning of a large number of cnidarians, while also hedging its bets by individual colonies spawning a fraction of their gametes over an extended period of 6 months.

National Category
Ecology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-32857 (URN)10.1007/s00227-009-1325-8 (DOI)
Available from: 2009-12-17 Created: 2009-12-17 Last updated: 2022-02-25Bibliographically approved
Austin, Å. N., Hedberg, N. & Hellström, M.Acropora algal symbiont C3u: generalist or eutrophication specialist?.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Acropora algal symbiont C3u: generalist or eutrophication specialist?
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
Keywords
Acropora digitifera, C3u, sea cage aquaculture, eutrophication
National Category
Earth and Related Environmental Sciences
Research subject
Marine Ecotoxicology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-141008 (URN)
Available from: 2017-03-28 Created: 2017-03-28 Last updated: 2025-02-07Bibliographically approved
Hedberg, N., Stenson, I., Kautsky, N., Hellström, M. & Tedengren, M. Causes and consequences of spatial links between sea cage aquaculture and coral reefs in Vietnam.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Causes and consequences of spatial links between sea cage aquaculture and coral reefs in Vietnam
Show others...
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
Keywords
Sea cage aquaculture, Coral reef, Vietnam, Spatial planning, Trashfish
National Category
Biological Sciences
Research subject
Ecotoxicology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-140999 (URN)
Available from: 2017-03-28 Created: 2017-03-28 Last updated: 2022-02-28Bibliographically approved
Hellström, M., Kavanagh, K., Mallick, S. & Benzie, J. A.Mode of vegetative reproduction and genetic identification of spawning groups, in the soft coral Sarcophyton elegans, Lizard Island, Northern Great Barrier Reef.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Mode of vegetative reproduction and genetic identification of spawning groups, in the soft coral Sarcophyton elegans, Lizard Island, Northern Great Barrier Reef
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Ecology
Research subject
Marine Ecotoxicology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-57218 (URN)
Available from: 2011-05-04 Created: 2011-05-04 Last updated: 2022-02-24Bibliographically approved
Faxneld, S., Hellström, M. & Tedengren, M.Symbiodinium spp. composition in nearshore and offshore Porites lutea and Galaxea fascicularis in northern Vietnam.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Symbiodinium spp. composition in nearshore and offshore Porites lutea and Galaxea fascicularis in northern Vietnam
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Natural Sciences
Research subject
Marine Ecotoxicology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-62846 (URN)
Available from: 2011-10-03 Created: 2011-10-03 Last updated: 2022-05-02Bibliographically approved
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