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Larsson, A., Paulsson, A. & Danielson, M. (2025). Consolidating Techniques for Robustness and Sensitivity Analyses in Interval Decision Analysis. In: Tien M. Manh Nguyen (Ed.), Decision Support Systems (DSS) and Tools [Working title]: . IntechOpen
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Consolidating Techniques for Robustness and Sensitivity Analyses in Interval Decision Analysis
2025 (English)In: Decision Support Systems (DSS) and Tools [Working title] / [ed] Tien M. Manh Nguyen, IntechOpen , 2025Chapter in book (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

I intervallbeslutsanalys, där ingångsinformation tillhandahålls i termer av intervall eller liknande format för att representera oprecisa indatasatser istället för att använda exakta siffror för sannolikheter och konsekvensvärden, har ett stort utbud av tekniker för att utföra robusthets- och känslighetsanalyser dykt upp. Samtidigt är det inte okomplicerat hur man relaterar dessa tekniker till varandra i en beslutsanalytisk process och hur de i kombination fungerar som en källa för att få insikter om hur oprecision påverkar beslutsutvärderingar. Därför syftar detta kapitel till att reflektera över en grupp metoder för robusthets- och känslighetsanalyser som är kompatibla med ett gemensamt ramverk för analysera beslut under risk, och ge en systematisk presentation av dessa och diskutera riktlinjer för deras användning i beslutsanalyspraxis.

Abstract [en]

In interval decision analysis, where input information is provided in terms of intervals or similar formats to represent imprecise input statements instead of using precise numbers for probabilities and consequence values, a vast array of techniques to conduct robustness and sensitivity analysis has emerged. At the same time, it is not straightforward how to relate these techniques to one another in a decision-analytic process and how they, in combination, serve as a source for obtaining insights into how imprecision affects decision evaluations. Therefore, this chapter aims to reflect upon a group of methods for robustness and sensitivity analyses that are compatible with a common framework for analysing decisions under risk, and to provide a systematic presentation of these and discuss guidelines for their usage in decision analysis practice.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IntechOpen, 2025
Keywords
decision analysis, robustness analysis, sensitivity analysis, computational stability
National Category
Information Systems
Research subject
Computer and Systems Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-241242 (URN)10.5772/intechopen.1003970 (DOI)978-0-85466-125-1 (ISBN)
Available from: 2025-03-25 Created: 2025-03-25 Last updated: 2025-03-26Bibliographically approved
Danielson, M. (2025). COVID-19 Policy Handling - The Case of Sweden: Lessons in Effective Policymaking. Family Medicine and Primary Care: Open Access, 9(2), Article ID 288.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>COVID-19 Policy Handling - The Case of Sweden: Lessons in Effective Policymaking
2025 (English)In: Family Medicine and Primary Care: Open Access, E-ISSN 2688-7460, Vol. 9, no 2, article id 288Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [sv]

Denna artikel undersöker Sveriges svar på covid-19-pandemin i jämförelse med den mer restriktiva politik som antagits av många andra länder. Den argumenterar för att Sveriges moderata och rättsligt begränsade strategi, som betonade personligt ansvar och frivillig efterlevnad, resulterade i bättre övergripande resultat än strategier inriktade på allvarliga nedstängningar. Med hjälp av överdödlighet som en primär indikator visar analysen att Sverige hade en av de mest framgångsrika politikerna i Europa mellan 2020 och 2022. Genom att använda ytterligare dimensioner som ekonomisk utveckling, psykisk hälsa och utbildningskontinuitet tyder det på att Sverige undvek många av de bredare skador som är förknippade med strikta begränsningsåtgärder.

Ett centralt tema är kontrasten mellan beslutsfattande baserat på en enda metrik och en bredare politisk strategi. De flesta regeringar prioriterade kortsiktig infektionskontroll framför alla andra överväganden och förbisedde ofta de långsiktiga effekterna av sina insatser. Däremot beaktade Sveriges folkhälsoinstitutioner flera mål samtidigt, inklusive skydd av utsatta människor, upprätthållande av viktiga tjänster och bevarande av allmänhetens förtroende. Artikeln tolkar denna strategi som en implicit tillämpning av flerkriteriebeslutsanalys.

Baserat på både resultat och underliggande processer efterlyser artikeln en mer medveten användning av flerkriteriemetoder i planeringen för framtida folkhälsokriser. Den beskriver hur strukturerad beslutsmodellering, inklusive medicinsk, ekonomisk, pedagogisk och psykologisk expertis, kan bidra till att balansera konkurrerande mål och minimera oavsiktlig skada. Det svenska fallet presenteras inte som felfritt, men det erbjuder ett starkt exempel på hur proportionalitet och långsiktigt tänkande kan vägleda ett mer effektivt beslutsfattande. Argumentationen avslutas med att rekommendera institutionella reformer för att integrera denna strategi i framtida planering, inklusive användning av konsekvensbedömningar och tvärvetenskapliga rådgivande organ. Om sådana strukturer implementeras skulle de göra det möjligt för regeringar att reagera med större tydlighet och effektivitet när de ställs inför framtida komplexa samhällshot.

Abstract [en]

This article examines Sweden’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic in comparison with the more re-strictive policies adopted by many other countries. It argues that Sweden’s moderate and legally con-strained approach, which emphasised personal responsibility and voluntary compliance, resulted in better overall outcomes than strategies focused on severe lockdowns. Using excess mortality as a pri-mary indicator, the analysis shows that Sweden had one of the most successful policies in Europe be-tween 2020 and 2022. Using additional dimensions such as economic performance, mental health, and educational continuity suggests that Sweden avoided many of the broader harms associated with strict containment policies.

A key theme is the contrast between single-metric decision making and a broader policy approach. Most governments prioritised short-term infection control above all other considerations, often over-looking the long-term effects of their interventions. In contrast, Sweden’s public health institutions considered multiple objectives simultaneously, including the protection of vulnerable people, the maintenance of essential services, and the preservation of public trust. The article interprets this ap-proach as an implicit application of multi-criteria decision analysis.

Based on both outcomes and underlying processes, the article calls for more conscious use of mul-ti-criteria methods in planning for future public health crises. It outlines how structured decision mod-elling, inclusive of medical, economic, educational, and psychological expertise, can help balance competing objectives and minimise unintended harm. The Swedish case is not presented as flawless, but it offers a strong example of how proportionality and long-term thinking can guide more effective policymaking. The argument concludes by recommending institutional reforms to embed this ap-proach in future planning, including the use of impact assessments and multidisciplinary advisory bodies. If implemented, such structures would allow governments to respond with greater clarity and effectiveness when faced with future complex societal threats

Keywords
Effective pandemic policy handling, MCDM, MCDA, Multi-criteria policymaking, COVID-19 re-sponses, Public health governance, Societal resilience, Effektiv hantering av pandemipolicy, MCDM, MCDA, Multikriteriepolicyutformning, COVID-19-insatser, Folkhälsostyrning, Samhällsresiliens
National Category
Information Systems
Research subject
Computer and Systems Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-246980 (URN)10.29011/2688-7460.100288 (DOI)
Available from: 2025-09-15 Created: 2025-09-15 Last updated: 2025-09-15Bibliographically approved
Lakmayer, S. A. & Danielson, M. (2025). Distribution Variance for Surrogate Weights in Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis. In: Hamido Fujita; Yutaka Watanobe; Moonis Ali; Yinglin Wang (Ed.), Advances and Trends in Artificial Intelligence: 38th International Conference on Industrial, Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems, IEA/AIE 2025, Kitakyushu, Japan, July 1–4, 2025, Proceedings, Part I. Paper presented at The 38th International Conference on Industrial, Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems, IEA/AIE 2025, July 1–4, 2025, Kitakyushu, Japan. (pp. 209-224). Springer Nature
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Distribution Variance for Surrogate Weights in Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis
2025 (English)In: Advances and Trends in Artificial Intelligence: 38th International Conference on Industrial, Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems, IEA/AIE 2025, Kitakyushu, Japan, July 1–4, 2025, Proceedings, Part I / [ed] Hamido Fujita; Yutaka Watanobe; Moonis Ali; Yinglin Wang, Springer Nature , 2025, p. 209-224Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [sv]

Denna artikel studerar effekterna av att sampla alternativa värden från olika fördelningar när man studerar prestandan hos surrogatviktmetoder i den additiva modellen i multikriteriebeslutsanalys. Flera fördelningar beskrivs och testas via omfattande simulering för att kvantifiera deras effekter på prestandan hos surrogatviktmetoderna. Vi observerade att resultaten av surrogatviktmetoderna med nuvarande standardfördelningar för de alternativa värdena skilde sig förvånansvärt lite från varandra, med några få undantag, vilket indikerar en stor stabilitet. Urval från en mer extrem fördelning gav större skillnader. Beteendet hos de studerade surrogatviktmetoderna i sig överensstämmer till största delen med tidigare studier, vilket visar att valet av viktframkallande metod är en mer kritisk faktor än värdefördelning. Därför drar vi slutsatsen att prestandan hos surrogatviktmetoderna generellt sett är stabil under en mängd olika rimliga alternativa värdefördelningar och visar ett fall där fördelningen är för sned.

Abstract [en]

This paper studies the effects of sampling the alternative values from different distributions when studying the performance of surrogate weight methods in the additive model in multi-criteria decision analysis. Several distributions are described and tested via extensive simulation in order to quantify their effects on the performance of the surrogate weight methods. We observed that the results of the surrogate weight methods using current standard distributions for the alternative values differed surprisingly little from each other, with a few exceptions, indicating a large stability. Sampling from a more extreme distribution yielded larger differences. The behaviours of the studied surrogate weight methods themselves are, for the most part, in accordance with previous studies, showing that the choice of weight elicitation approach is a more critical factor than value distribution. Hence, we conclude that the performance of the surrogate weight methods is generally stable under a wide variety of reasonable alternative value distributions and show a case when the distribution is too skewed.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2025
Series
Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS), ISSN 0302-9743, E-ISSN 1611-3349 ; 15706
Keywords
Multi-criteria decision analysis, Criteria weights, Distribution stability, Surrogate Weights, Ordinal Ranking, Value distributions, Multikriteriebeslutsanalys, Kriterievikter, Fördelningsstabilitet, Surrogatvikter, ordinal rangordning, Värdefördelningar
National Category
Information Systems
Research subject
Computer and Systems Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-245087 (URN)10.1007/978-981-96-8889-0_18 (DOI)2-s2.0-105010821765 (Scopus ID)978-981-96-8889-0 (ISBN)978-981-96-8888-3 (ISBN)
Conference
The 38th International Conference on Industrial, Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems, IEA/AIE 2025, July 1–4, 2025, Kitakyushu, Japan.
Available from: 2025-07-21 Created: 2025-07-21 Last updated: 2025-08-11Bibliographically approved
Lakmayer, S. A. & Danielson, M. (2025). Efficient Weight Ranking in Multi-Criteria Decision Support Systems. Electronics, 14(7), Article ID 1237.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Efficient Weight Ranking in Multi-Criteria Decision Support Systems
2025 (English)In: Electronics, E-ISSN 2079-9292, Vol. 14(7), article id 1237Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [sv]

Det finns välkända problem i samband med att utvinna sannolikheter, verktyg och kriteriumvikter i verkliga beslutsanalyser. Den här artikeln utforskar olika beräkningseffektiva metoder för att generera vikter i beslutsstödssystem med flera kriterier. Därmed utgör den ett hjälpmedel för MCDA-modellerare och verktygsdesigners vid val av surrogatmetoder för kriterievikter. Med tanke på utmaningarna med att få fram exakta kriterievikter från beslutsfattare, utvärderar studien en rad tekniker för att automatiskt generera surrogatvikter, med fokus på både ordinarie och kardinal rankingmetoder. Med en noggrann undersökningsmetodik som aldrig tidigare använts, undersöker vi automatiska viktgenererande algoritmer med flera kriterier i den här artikeln. Metoderna som testas inkluderar traditionella rankbaserade modeller som rank summa (RS), rank reciprocal (RR) och rank order centroid (ROC), tillsammans med nyare tillvägagångssätt som Sum Reciprocal (SR) och Cardinal Sum Re-ciprocal (CSR). Resultaten visar att SR-metoden för ordinalfallet och CSR-metoden för kardinalfallet presterar bättre vad gäller robusthet än andra metoder, även inklusive den lovande nya geometriska klassen av metoder. Det har också visat sig att linjär programmering (LP) presterar dåligt jämfört med surrogatviktsmodeller. Dessutom, som förväntat, presterar kardinalmodellerna bättre än ordinalmodellerna. Men oväntat är den väletablerade LP-modellens prestanda sämre än man tidigare trott.

Abstract [en]

There are well-known issues in conjunction with eliciting probabilities, utilities, and crite-ria weights in real-life decision analysis. This article explores various computationally ef-ficient methods for generating weights in multi-criteria decision support systems. There-by, it constitutes an aid for MCDA modellers and tool designers in selecting surrogate methods for criteria weights. Given the challenges in eliciting precise criteria weights from decision-makers, the study evaluates a range of techniques for automatically generating surrogate weights, focusing on both ordinal and cardinal ranking approaches. With a thorough inquiry methodology never before used, we examine automatic multi-criteria weight-generating algorithms in this article. The methods tested include traditional rank-based models such as rank sum (RS), rank reciprocal (RR), and rank order centroid (ROC), alongside newer approaches like the Sum Reciprocal (SR) and Cardinal Sum Re-ciprocal (CSR). The results show that the SR approach for the ordinal case and the CSR method for the cardinal case perform better in terms of robustness than other methods, even including the promising new geometric class of methods. It is also shown that linear programming (LP) performs poorly when compared to surrogate weight models. Addi-tionally, as expected, the cardinal models perform better than the ordinal models. Unex-pectedly, though, the well-established LP model’s performance is worse than previously thought.

Keywords
multi-criteria decision analysis, criteria weights, surrogate weights, criteria ranking, rank order, efficient weight generation
National Category
Information Systems
Research subject
Computer and Systems Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-241244 (URN)10.3390/electronics14071237 (DOI)001465632700001 ()2-s2.0-105002347730 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2025-03-25 Created: 2025-03-25 Last updated: 2025-05-06Bibliographically approved
Danielson, M. & Björkman, I. (2025). Project-Based Learning in Social Innovation - Developing a Sense of Belonging in Online Contexts. Education Sciences, 15(7), Article ID 907.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Project-Based Learning in Social Innovation - Developing a Sense of Belonging in Online Contexts
2025 (English)In: Education Sciences, E-ISSN 2227-7102, Vol. 15, no 7, article id 907Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [sv]

Denna studie undersöker hur studenter uppfattar faktorer som bidrar till deras känsla av tillhörighet (sense of belonging, SoB) i en online-projektbaserad masterkurs i social innovation, där samarbete med externa intressenter integreras och struktureras kring verkliga utmaningar från externa partners. SoB har visat sig påverka akademiska resultat positivt, men online-teamwork och samarbete utanför institutionens väggar presenterar unika utmaningar. Studien antar en kvalitativ metod och en interpretativistisk synvinkel för att hitta meningsfulla aspekter och generera en förståelse för studenternas positioner. Data samlades in genom intervjuer, vilket gjorde det möjligt för studenterna att uttrycka sina unika erfarenheter och perspektiv på SoB i samband med en masterkurs, med deltagare från flera länder. Tematisk analys av intervjudata identifierade följande sju kategorier relaterade till studenters upplevda tillhörighet: teambildning och förtroende, personliga introduktioner, gruppkontinuitet, tillgång till lärare, användning av informella kommunikationskanaler, delade verktyg och digital flyt. Dessutom verkar arbete mot en gemensam utmaning eller ett gemensamt mål främja SoB bland teammedlemmarna. Resultaten indikerar att SoB formades av flera sammanhängande faktorer, där teambaserat samarbete och strukturerad gruppdynamik spelade en central roll. Studien bidrar till pågående forskning om studenttillhörighet genom att identifiera specifika metoder som kan stödja förmågan att tillhöra elever i digitalt stödda, teamorienterade lärmiljöer.

Abstract [en]

This study examines how students perceive factors contributing to their sense of belong-ing (SoB) in an online project-based master’s course in social innovation, incorporating collaboration with external stakeholders and structured around real-world challenges from external partners. SoB has been shown to impact academic outcomes positively, but online teamwork and collaboration outside the institution walls present unique challeng-es. The study adopts a qualitative approach and an interpretivist standpoint to find meaningful aspects and generate an understanding of positions among the students. Data was gathered through interviews, allowing students to express their unique experiences and perspectives on SoB in the context of a master’s course, with participants from several countries. Thematic analysis of the interview data identified the following seven catego-ries related to students’ perceived belonging: team formation and trust, personal introduc-tions, group continuity, access to teachers, use of informal communication channels, shared tools, and digital fluency. Furthermore, working towards a common challenge or goal seems to promote SoB among the team members. The results indicate that SoB was shaped by multiple interrelated factors, with team-based collaboration and structured group dynamics playing a central role. The study contributes to ongoing research on stu-dent belonging by identifying specific practices that may support SoB in digitally sup-ported, team-oriented learning environments.

Keywords
interdisciplinary teamwork, stakeholder engagement, collaborative learning environ-ments, higher education pedagogy, project-based learning, student inclusion, course de-sign in innovation education, academic community building, tvärvetenskapligt lagarbete, intressentengagemang, kollaborativa lärmiljöer, högskolepedagogik, projektbaserat lärande, studentinkludering, kursdesign inom innovationsutbildning, bygga akademisk gemenskap
National Category
Information Systems
Research subject
Computer and Systems Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-245089 (URN)10.3390/educsci15070907 (DOI)001539757400001 ()2-s2.0-105011505419 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2025-07-21 Created: 2025-07-21 Last updated: 2025-08-11Bibliographically approved
Danielson, M. (2025). Requirements for a Universal Software Platform for Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis. In: Hamido Fujita; Andres Hernandez-Matamoros; Yutaka Watanobe (Ed.), Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on New Trends in Intelligent Software Methodologies, Tools and Techniques (SoMeT_25): . Paper presented at SoMeT 25, The 24th International Conference on New Trends in Intelligent Software Methodology Tools, and Techniques (SoMeT), 23-26 September 2025 Kitakyushu, Japan. (pp. 125-134). IOS Press
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Requirements for a Universal Software Platform for Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis
2025 (English)In: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on New Trends in Intelligent Software Methodologies, Tools and Techniques (SoMeT_25) / [ed] Hamido Fujita; Andres Hernandez-Matamoros; Yutaka Watanobe, IOS Press , 2025, p. 125-134Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) has emerged as a central practice within decision analysis, intended to support rational choice in contexts involving multiple, often conflicting, objectives. Despite decades of methodological proliferation, the field continues to neglect the theoretical basis that ensures logical coherence, transparency, and normative robustness. This article presents the foundations of a universal software platform, UNEDA (Universal Engine for Decision Analysis), designed to operationalise MCDA methods in alignment with classical decision-theoretic principles. Central to the approach is a formal system of desiderata derived from the axiomatic foundations of expected utility theory and multi-attribute utility theory. These desiderata define the necessary conditions for a decision method to be considered consistent with established rationality principles, such as transitivity, monotonicity, independence, and decomposability. We evaluate the Big Five most widely used MCDA methods, VIKOR, TOPSIS, PROMÉTHÉE, ÉLECTRE, and AHP, against these desiderata. By providing a theoretically grounded and computationally efficient environment for MCDA, UNEDA facilitates the development of decision tools that meet rigorous analytical standards. The software is open-source and freely available, aiming to serve academic, policy, and applied decision-making communities alike.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IOS Press, 2025
Series
Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, ISSN 0922-6389, E-ISSN 1879-8314 ; 411
Keywords
Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, Methodological Foundations, Decision Theory, Utility Theory, Software Platform
National Category
Information Systems
Research subject
Computer and Systems Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-247393 (URN)10.3233/FAIA250516 (DOI)978-1-64368-619-6 (ISBN)
Conference
SoMeT 25, The 24th International Conference on New Trends in Intelligent Software Methodology Tools, and Techniques (SoMeT), 23-26 September 2025 Kitakyushu, Japan.
Available from: 2025-09-24 Created: 2025-09-24 Last updated: 2025-09-24Bibliographically approved
Lakmayer, S. A. & Danielson, M. (2025). Stability of Surrogate MCDA Weights under Different Assumptions on Value Distributions. In: José María Moreno-Jiménez, Danielle Costa Morais, María Teresa Escobar, Alberto Turón (Ed.), Human and Artificial Intelligence in Group Decision and Negotiation: 25th International Conference on Group Decision and Negotiation, GDN 2025, Zaragoza, Spain, June 15–18, 2025, Proceedings. Paper presented at 25th International Conference on Group Decision and Negotiation, GDN 2025, Zaragoza, Spain, June 15–18, 2025 (pp. 68-81).
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Stability of Surrogate MCDA Weights under Different Assumptions on Value Distributions
2025 (English)In: Human and Artificial Intelligence in Group Decision and Negotiation: 25th International Conference on Group Decision and Negotiation, GDN 2025, Zaragoza, Spain, June 15–18, 2025, Proceedings / [ed] José María Moreno-Jiménez, Danielle Costa Morais, María Teresa Escobar, Alberto Turón, 2025, p. 68-81Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

This article studies the effects of sampling the alternative values from different distributions when studying the performance of surrogate weight methods in the additive model in multi-criteria decision analysis. The aim is to demonstrate surrogate weights’ performance invariance regarding underlying actual distributions. Multiple distributions are characterised and examined through extensive simulation to evaluate their influence on the efficacy of surrogate weight approaches. It was found that employing the presently accepted standard distributions for alternative values led to outcomes from the surrogate weight methods that were remarkably consistent, barring a few notable deviations, suggesting considerable robustness. In contrast, drawing samples from more extreme distributions resulted in greater divergence. Overall, the observed patterns of the surrogate weight approaches align, to a substantial degree, with findings reported in prior research. We conclude that the performance of the surrogate weight methods is generally stable under a wide variety of reasonable alternative value distributions, and show a case when the distribution is too skewed.

Series
Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, ISSN 1865-1348, E-ISSN 1865-1356 ; 553
Keywords
Multi-criteria decision analysis, Criteria weights, Distribution stability, Surrogate Weights, Ordinal Ranking, Value distributions
National Category
Information Systems
Research subject
Computer and Systems Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-244420 (URN)10.1007/978-3-031-95221-0_5 (DOI)2-s2.0-105008181626 (Scopus ID)978-3-031-95221-0 (ISBN)
Conference
25th International Conference on Group Decision and Negotiation, GDN 2025, Zaragoza, Spain, June 15–18, 2025
Available from: 2025-06-17 Created: 2025-06-17 Last updated: 2025-08-11Bibliographically approved
Abdel-Fattah, D., Danielson, M., Ekenberg, L., Hock, R. & Trainor, S. (2024). Application of a structured decision-making process in cryospheric hazard planning: Case study of Bering Glacier surges on local state planning in Alaska. Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, 31(1-2), Article ID e1825.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Application of a structured decision-making process in cryospheric hazard planning: Case study of Bering Glacier surges on local state planning in Alaska
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2024 (English)In: Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, ISSN 1057-9214, E-ISSN 1099-1360, Vol. 31, no 1-2, article id e1825Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Surging glaciers are glaciers that experience rapidly accelerated glacier flow over a comparatively short period of time. Though relatively rare worldwide, Alaska is home to the largest number of surge-type glaciers globally. However, their impact on the broader socioecological system in the state is both poorly understood and under-researched, which poses a challenge in developing appropriate sustainability decisions in Alaska. We investigated how the surge patterns of the Bering Glacier in Alaska have potentially devastating effects on the local ecological biodiversity of its watershed via a structured decision-making analysis of the different possible consequences. Specifically, this analysis was conducted to explore the various outcomes of a Bering Glacier surge particularly if humans have an increased presence near the glacier due to the area potentially becoming a state park. This work explored the benefits of applying a risk and decision analytical framework in a cryosphere context, to better understand the socioeconomic impact of glacier surges. This is a novel approach in which a decision analysis tool was used to better understand an environmental sustainability challenge, offering an innovative method to support the achievement of the United Nations Sustainability Development Goals in Alaska. We therefore emphasise the need for integrated biophysical and socioeconomic analyses when it comes to understanding glacier hazards. Our research highlights the importance of understanding and researching biophysical changes as well as using a structured decision-making process for complicated hazard planning scenarios, exemplified via glaciated regions in Alaska, in order to create adaptation strategies that are sustainable and encompass the range of possible outcomes.

Keywords
cryospheric hazard, decision analysis tool, sensitivity analyses, structured decision-making
National Category
Ecology Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources Peace and Conflict Studies Other Social Sciences not elsewhere specified Information Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-224636 (URN)10.1002/mcda.1825 (DOI)001114145500001 ()2-s2.0-85178078475 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2023-12-20 Created: 2023-12-20 Last updated: 2025-02-20Bibliographically approved
Lakmayer, S. A., Danielson, M. & Ekenberg, L. (2024). Upper Performance Limits and Distribution Invariance for Surrogate Weights in MCDA. In: Marta Campos Ferreira; Thomasz Wachowicz; Pascale Zaraté; Yu Maemura (Ed.), Human-Centric Decision and Negotiation Support for Societal Transitions: . Paper presented at 24th International Conference on Group Decision and Negotiation & 10th International Conference on Decision Support System Technology, 3–5 June 2024, Porto, Portugal (pp. 89-101). Springer Nature
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Upper Performance Limits and Distribution Invariance for Surrogate Weights in MCDA
2024 (English)In: Human-Centric Decision and Negotiation Support for Societal Transitions / [ed] Marta Campos Ferreira; Thomasz Wachowicz; Pascale Zaraté; Yu Maemura, Springer Nature , 2024, p. 89-101Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [sv]

Denna artikel föreslår ett enkelt tillvägagångssätt för att bestämma den övre prestandagränsen (ungefär det maximala träffförhållandet) för surrogatviktsmodeller i additiva modeller för beslutsanalys med flera kriterier. Tillvägagångssättet kallas för ungefärlig maximalt träffförhållande (AMHR). Som ett partiellt resultat visar simuleringar att träffförhållanden som härrör från så kallade medelordnade vikter som surrogatviktsvektorer liknar AMHR någorlunda väl. Vidare granskar vi fallet med olika distributioner för urvalet av alternativa värden, med resultatet att det verkar vara invariant, dvs det allmänna beteendet hos surrogatviktmetoder förändras inte signifikant. Vi studerar även användningen av olika filter på AMHR. Slutligen, motsvarande redan välpresterande metoder (t.ex. ROC, RS och SR) visar goda övergripande resultat. Därför drar vi slutsatsen att de befintliga metoderna är relativt effektiva och ger beslutsfattare (enskilda eller i grupp) ett värdefullt sätt att effektivt få fram och hantera oprecis kriterieinformation.

Abstract [en]

This paper proposes a simple approach to determining the upper performance limit (approximate the maximum hit ratio) for surrogate weight models in additive models of multi-criteria decision analysis. The approach is called the Approximate Maximum Hit Ratio (AMHR). As a partial result, simulations show that hit ratios resulting from so-called mean ordered weights as surrogate weight vectors resemble the AMHR reasonably well. Further, we scrutinise the case of different distributions for the sampling of alternative values, with the result that it seems to be invariant, i.e. the general behaviour of surrogate weight methods does not change significantly. We also study the use of different filters on the AMHR. Finally, the corresponding already well-performing methods (e.g., ROC, RS, and SR) show good overall results. Thus, we conclude that the existing methods are fairly effective and provide decision-makers (individual or in groups) with a valuable means of efficiently eliciting and dealing with imprecise criteria information.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2024
Series
Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, ISSN 1865-1348, E-ISSN 1865-1356 ; 509
Keywords
Approximate maximum hit ratio, Multi-criteria decision analysis, Criteria weights, Criteria ranking, Distribution invariance, Performance limits, Surrogate weights, Ungefärligt maximalt träffförhållande, Multikriteriebeslutsanalys, Kriterievikter, Kriterierankning, Distributionsinvarians, Prestationsgränser, Surrogatvikter
National Category
Information Systems
Research subject
Computer and Systems Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-231320 (URN)10.1007/978-3-031-59373-4_8 (DOI)2-s2.0-85194077535 (Scopus ID)978-3-031-59372-7 (ISBN)978-3-031-59373-4 (ISBN)
Conference
24th International Conference on Group Decision and Negotiation & 10th International Conference on Decision Support System Technology, 3–5 June 2024, Porto, Portugal
Available from: 2024-06-18 Created: 2024-06-18 Last updated: 2024-07-02Bibliographically approved
Ekenberg, L. & Danielson, M. (2023). A Decision-Analytic Manifesto (1ed.). Stockholm: Sine Metu Productions
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A Decision-Analytic Manifesto
2023 (English)Book (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Beslutsanalytiska metoder och praxis kan verkligen hjälpa till att rädda vår värld, om de skulle bli mer utbredda – men bara då. Begravda djupt ner i otaliga forskningsartiklar, men de förblir otillgängliga för vårt samhälles gemensamma bästa. Beslutsfattande, om det tas på allvar, innefattar många viktiga komponenter såsom avvägningar mellan olika, ibland motstridiga, aspekter, värderingar, osäkerheter samt personer med en mängd olika preferenser. Dess potential är synlig inte minst under allvarliga kriser som drabbar individer, organisationer eller hela samhällen. Några gemensamma drag för sådana situationer är att de involverar olika intressenter och åsikter, vanligtvis innehåller betydande osäkerheter på grund av brist på fullständig kunskap och komplexa interagerande berättelser samt har möjlighet till allvarliga konsekvenser, beroende på val av strategier. För att vi som människor ska kunna analysera och ge råd till oss själva och till andra beslutsfattare krävs kraftfulla metoder. Syftet med denna bok är att presentera och diskutera sådana mycket effektiva och effektiva beslutsmetoder och verktyg.

Abstract [en]

Decision-analytic methods and practices can truly help in saving our world, should they become in more widespread use – but only then. Buried deep down in countless research papers, though, they remain inaccessible for the common good of our society. Decision-making, if taken seriously, includes many important components such as trade-offs between different, sometimes conflicting, aspects, values, uncertainties as well as people with a variety of preferences. Its potential is visible not least during serious crises affecting individuals, organisations, or entire societies. Some common features of such situations include that they involve different stakeholders and opinions, usually contain significant uncertainties due to a lack of complete knowledge and complex interacting narratives as well as have a possibility for serious consequences, depending on the choice of strategies. For us as human beings to be able to analyse and give advice to ourselves and to other decision-makers, powerful methods are required. It is the purpose of this book to present and discuss such highly efficient and effective decision-making methods and tools.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Sine Metu Productions, 2023. p. 135 Edition: 1
Keywords
Decision analysis, MCDM, real decision problems, Beslutsanalys, MCDM, verkliga beslutsproblem
National Category
Information Systems
Research subject
Computer and Systems Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-219251 (URN)978-91-527-5305-7 (ISBN)978-91-527-5306-4 (ISBN)
Available from: 2023-07-19 Created: 2023-07-19 Last updated: 2025-07-21Bibliographically approved
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0001-6502-9670

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