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Publications (10 of 43) Show all publications
Lammerant, R., Hölttä, J., Pykäri, J., Nishant, N., Villnäs, A., Wikström, S., . . . Gustafsson, C. (2025). Environmental gradients strongly affect functional composition and biomass C stocks within aquatic plant meadows. Ecosphere, 16(7), Article ID e70327.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Environmental gradients strongly affect functional composition and biomass C stocks within aquatic plant meadows
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2025 (English)In: Ecosphere, E-ISSN 2150-8925, Vol. 16, no 7, article id e70327Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Ecological succession provides a critical framework to evaluate and predict the effects of successional dynamics within plant communities on ecosystem functions, which has become increasingly relevant in recent years as humans adapt to a world that is progressively shaped by anthropogenic disturbances. To date, we lack a mechanistic understanding of how environmental gradients shape succession of functional diversity within aquatic plant communities, complicating our ability to predict the C sink potential of aquatic plant meadows. This makes it imperative to explore the factors underlying shifts in functional community structure and associated functions provided by aquatic plants across broad environmental gradients. We conducted a field survey in August–September 2023, where we sampled 20 soft-bottom sites along a strong (50 km) gradient of environmental variables (i.e., exposure and salinity) in the northern Baltic Sea. Spatial differences in the functional community structure and biomass-bound C stocks were influenced by an interplay between wave exposure, depth and salinity. The functional community structure of aquatic plant meadows shifted from more conservative strategies under high hydrodynamic forces to more acquisitive strategies under relatively benign environmental conditions. Functional trait variation across meadows was driven by both intraspecific variation (ITV) and species turnover, but their relative role was highly variable. Biomass-bound C stocks were mainly influenced by light availability. Overall, our study illustrates the importance of addressing ITV and that the functional community structure and biomass-bound C stocks of aquatic plant meadows were shaped by an interplay between wave exposure, depth, and salinity. This highlights the complexity in assessing ecosystem services provided by vegetated coastal ecosystems and the need to improve our understanding of the relationships among the environment, species traits, and ecosystem functioning for developing effective measures of ecosystem conservation.

Keywords
aquatic plants, carbon storage, exposure, functional traits, intraspecific trait variation, marine biodiversity
National Category
Ecology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-245747 (URN)10.1002/ecs2.70327 (DOI)001526612000001 ()2-s2.0-105010578063 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2025-08-25 Created: 2025-08-25 Last updated: 2025-08-25Bibliographically approved
Wikström, S. A., Gubri, B., Asplund, M. E., Dahl, M., Gullström, M., Hansen, J. P., . . . Björk, M. (2025). Influence of landscape characteristics and submerged aquatic vegetation on sediment carbon and nitrogen storage in shallow brackish water habitats. Scientific Reports, 15, Article ID 7808.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Influence of landscape characteristics and submerged aquatic vegetation on sediment carbon and nitrogen storage in shallow brackish water habitats
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2025 (English)In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 15, article id 7808Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

While marine seagrass habitats are acknowledged as sinks for carbon and nutrients, much less is known about sequestration in brackish-water vegetation. Here, we quantify the amount of organic carbon (Corg) and total nitrogen (TN) in shallow bay sediments (0–25 cm) in the brackish Baltic Sea and assess how it varies with morphometric isolation from the sea, catchment characteristics and abundance of brackish-water vegetation. The sedimentary Corg and TN content per surface area varied across the bay isolation gradient (mean Corg: 2500–4600 g/m2; mean TN: 320–570 g/m2), with enclosed bays having the highest percentage content of Corg and TN, but low sediment density (< 0.1 g cm3), while open bays had more compact sediment with lower percentage content of Corg and TN. The influence of catchment and vegetation characteristics on the sediment Corg and TN content was less clear, suggesting that coastal morphology affecting hydrodynamic exposure is an important determinant of C and TN accumulation in brackish-water bays. The results show that morphometrically isolated shallow coastal areas constitute significant sinks for carbon and nitrogen, which should be considered in management and in any regional estimates of blue carbon and nutrient sequestration functions.

Keywords
Blue carbon, Coastal lagoons, Macrophytes, SAV, Shallow bays
National Category
Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-241798 (URN)10.1038/s41598-025-92217-z (DOI)001439684400040 ()40050425 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-86000691005 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2025-04-11 Created: 2025-04-11 Last updated: 2025-04-11Bibliographically approved
Lammerant, R., Hölttä, J., Pykäri, J., Nishant, N., Villnäs, A., Wikström, S., . . . Gustafsson, C. (2025). Intraspecific trait variability is a key feature underlying the association between community-weighted mean and abiotic gradients. Oikos
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Intraspecific trait variability is a key feature underlying the association between community-weighted mean and abiotic gradients
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2025 (English)In: Oikos, ISSN 0030-1299, E-ISSN 1600-0706Article in journal (Refereed) Epub ahead of print
Abstract [en]

Functional plant traits that influence fitness or performance provide a powerful tool for understanding and predicting how plants interact with their environment, respond to ecological changes, and contribute to ecosystem processes. To this day, most trait-based ecological studies in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems have assumed that species turnover is the main driver of trait variation, by using a single species-specific value for each trait. Evidence is growing that intraspecific trait variation (ITV) is non-negligible, but we are lacking a comprehensive framework on the mechanisms that shape the extent of ITV at the community level and the consequences of ITV for indices of plant community structure. This is a major bottleneck for functional ecology when considering ecosystems characterized by relatively low species richness, which typically exhibit higher variation within traits of a species (ITV) at local scales. We conducted a field survey in August–September 2023, where we sampled 20 soft bottom sites dominated by different aquatic vascular plants, along a strong (50 km) gradient of environmental variables (i.e. exposure and salinity) in the northern Baltic Sea. Sampled traits included specific leaf area, maximum height, root depth, and root-to-shoot ratio, which capture key variation in plant life-history strategies. ITV explained a large proportion of trait variability in CWM patterns; however, the importance of ITV was trait specific and potentially modulated by abiotic context. ITV's response to environmental stress was highly variable across sites, but for most singular traits, the extent of ITV was positively correlated with environmental stress. That the extent of ITV for multivariate phenotypes across plant organs did not respond to environmental stress, could imply trait integration. Our study illustrates that the assumption of negligible ITV and species turnover being the main driver of trait variation, may not hold true for ecosystems characterized by low species richness and high micro-environmental heterogeneity. This highlights that ITV is not trivial and that it should be taken into consideration if one wants to make decisions based on trait-based studies in these ecosystems.

Keywords
aquatic plant ecology, biodiversity, exposure, intra-specific trait variation, life-history traits, salinity
National Category
Zoology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-247061 (URN)10.1002/oik.11665 (DOI)001561196200001 ()2-s2.0-105014654410 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2025-09-25 Created: 2025-09-25 Last updated: 2025-09-25
Karlson, A. M. L., Walve, J., Wikström, S. & Faxneld, S. (2025). Miljöövervakning behövs för att åtgärda miljöproblem i havet. Stockholm: Stockholm University
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Miljöövervakning behövs för att åtgärda miljöproblem i havet
2025 (Swedish)Other, Policy document (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Den marina miljöövervakningens betydelse för vår kunskap om haven och för samhällets havsmiljöarbete kan inte nog poängteras. Övervakningens långa tidsserier av miljödata gör det möjligt både att förstå hur havet fungerar och att upptäcka förändringar i havsmiljön. Båda är viktiga förutsättningar för att Sverige ska kunna bedriva en vetenskapligt baserad och kostnadseffektiv havspolitik.

Place, publisher, year, pages
Stockholm: Stockholm University, 2025. p. 4
Series
Policy Briefs from Stockholm University Baltic Sea Centre ; Mars
Keywords
Östersjön, miljöövervakning, tidsserier, miljöproblem
National Category
Ecology Environmental Sciences and Nature Conservation Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-241013 (URN)
Available from: 2025-03-19 Created: 2025-03-19 Last updated: 2025-03-31Bibliographically approved
Christiernsson, A., Bradshaw, C., Brüchert, V., Wikström, S. & Nascimento, F. J. A. (2025). Safeguard ecosystem function and carbon storage capacity in deep soft seabeds. Stockholm: Stockholm University
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Safeguard ecosystem function and carbon storage capacity in deep soft seabeds
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2025 (English)Other, Policy document (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Deep soft bottoms are of vital importance for the functioning of the whole marine ecosystem and for long-term carbon storage. These functions may be reduced when the bottoms are trawled for commercial fishing and during seabed mining. Still, these habitats are often overlooked when outlining marine protected areas and restricting fisheries and exploitation. EU Member States must better protect deep soft bottoms in the Baltic and North Sea.

Place, publisher, year, pages
Stockholm: Stockholm University, 2025. p. 4
Series
Policy Briefs from Stockholm University Baltic Sea Centre ; april
Keywords
Baltic Sea, North Sea, sediment, soft bottom, carbon, trawling, mining
National Category
Soil Science Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources Environmental Sciences and Nature Conservation Ecology
Research subject
Marine Ecology; Biogeochemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-241936 (URN)
Available from: 2025-04-10 Created: 2025-04-10 Last updated: 2025-06-15Bibliographically approved
Gubri, B., Hansen, J. P., Wikström, S. A., Snickars, M., Dahl, M., Gullström, M., . . . Boström, C. (2025). Shallow Coastal Bays as Sediment Carbon and Nutrient Reservoirs in the Baltic Sea. Estuaries and Coasts, 48(5), Article ID 136.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Shallow Coastal Bays as Sediment Carbon and Nutrient Reservoirs in the Baltic Sea
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2025 (English)In: Estuaries and Coasts, ISSN 1559-2723, E-ISSN 1559-2731, Vol. 48, no 5, article id 136Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Coastal vegetated ecosystems are being increasingly recognized for their capacity to capture carbon, provide long-term biogenic storage, and alleviate nutrient pollution. To assess the ability of shallow, vegetated coastal bays to function as blue carbon and nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) sinks, we collected sediment cores in nine shallow enclosed bays (representative of the EU Habitats 1153 and 1154) in the archipelago areas of Sweden (Stockholm), Åland Island, and southwestern Finland. Our study showed strong uniformity of carbon and nutrient storage, substantial accumulation of carbon and nutrients, and minimal regional differences in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus sediment stocks. These findings are noteworthy given the large area (142 km2) the shallow enclosed bays cover and the multiple important ecosystem services they provide in the northern Baltic Sea seascape. An initial first-order estimate for the shallow bay ecosystems across the study region indicates that these ecosystems potentially store 84,000 to 430,000 t organic carbon over the top 25 cm sediment. The positive correlation between carbon and nitrogen stocks, and the potentially organically bound nature of phosphorus in sediment, suggests that climate regulation services can be managed in unison with nutrient management efforts. The findings, also considering the consistent pattern of slow sedimentation and accumulation, underscore the importance of protecting shallow coastal bays as carbon and nutrient sinks in the Baltic Sea region.

Keywords
Blue carbon, Carbon and nutrient sinks, Sedimentary stocks, Sequestration rates, Shallow enclosed bays
National Category
Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-245655 (URN)10.1007/s12237-025-01541-0 (DOI)001514415100001 ()2-s2.0-105008772520 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2025-08-21 Created: 2025-08-21 Last updated: 2025-08-21Bibliographically approved
Christiernsson, A., Bradshaw, C., Brüchert, V., Wikström, S. & Nascimento, F. J. A. (2025). Värna och skydda de viktiga funktionerna i djupa mjukbottnar. Stockholm: Stockholm University
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Värna och skydda de viktiga funktionerna i djupa mjukbottnar
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2025 (Swedish)Other (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Djupa mjukbottnar är viktiga för hela det marina ekosystemets funktion och för långsiktig kolinlagring. Dessa funktioner riskerar att försämras när bottnarna trålas vid kommersiellt fiske och vid gruvdrift på havsbotten. Ändå förbises dessa livsmiljöer ofta när man fastställer marina skyddsområden och begränsar fiske och exploatering. EU:s medlemsländer måste skydda djupa mjukbottnar i Östersjön och Nordsjön bättre.

Place, publisher, year, pages
Stockholm: Stockholm University, 2025. p. 4
Series
Policy Briefs from Stockholm University Baltic Sea Centre ; maj 2025
Keywords
Östersjön, Nordsjön, sediment, mjukbotten, kolinlagring, trålning, havsbaserad gruvdrift
National Category
Soil Science Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources Environmental Sciences and Nature Conservation Ecology
Research subject
Marine Ecology; Biogeochemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-244275 (URN)
Available from: 2025-06-15 Created: 2025-06-15 Last updated: 2025-06-23Bibliographically approved
Westerberg, C., Gilek, M., Kumblad, L., Wikström, S. A. & Prutzer, M. (2025). Åtgärdsplanering med lokalt deltagande: – ett pilotprojekt i Värmdö kommun. Stockholm: Stockholm University
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Åtgärdsplanering med lokalt deltagande: – ett pilotprojekt i Värmdö kommun
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2025 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Under våren 2025 genomfördes ett pilotprojekt där deltagande-GIS testades som metod för att stärka lokalt förankrat åtgärdsarbete för kust- och havsmiljöer inom ramen för samverkansprojektet Ekosystembaserad havsförvaltning – Stockholms skärgård. Syftet var dels att samla in lokal kunskap om miljöproblem och möjliga åtgärder, dels att skapa ett forum för dialog mellan kommunen, länsstyrelsen och lokala aktörer. En workshop genomfördes i Gustavsberg den 2 april 2025 med 27 deltagare, främst representanter för samfällighets- och vägföreningar samt lokala föreningar. Arbetet organiserades i gruppdiskussioner där deltagarna markerade platser på karta och beskrev problem, möjliga lösningar, behov för att komma vidare samt relevanta aktörer. Efter workshopen genomfördes en enkätundersökning och intervjuer med deltagare och arrangörer för att utvärdera processen.

Totalt identifierades 55 platser med miljöproblem och/eller åtgärdsbehov, framför allt kopplade till föroreningar, övergödning, försämrade fiskbestånd, igenväxning av vattenmiljöer samt habitatförändringar. Förslagen på åtgärder omfattade bland annat våtmarksrestaurering, dagvattenåtgärder, förbättrade vandringsvägar för fisk, sanering och olika former av naturvård. För att kunna gå vidare lyftes återkommande behov av ekonomiskt stöd, kunskap och rådgivning samt stärkt samverkan mellan kommun, länsstyrelse, fastighetsägare och föreningar. Enkäten och intervjuerna visar att workshopen upplevdes som meningsfull, gav ny kunskap om ekologiska samband och inspirerade till fortsatt arbete. Den bidrog också till nya kontakter mellan lokala aktörer och myndigheter, och flera samfälligheter har efteråt tagit initiativ till vidare dialog om åtgärder. Samtidigt identifierades utvecklingsbehov, bland annat bättre återkoppling efter workshopen till dem som deltagit och ökat praktiskt stöd till lokala aktörer.

GIS-datan från workshopen har integrerats i Värmdö kommuns interaktiva åtgärdskarta och utgör ett underlag för fortsatt åtgärdsplanering. Erfarenheterna används även i det fortsatta arbetet med ekosystembaserad havsförvaltning i Stockholms skärgård.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Stockholm University, 2025. p. 22
Series
Rapporter från Stockholms universitets Östersjöcentrum ; 1/2025
Keywords
Östersjön, kustmiljö, åtgärdsarbete, samverkan, deltagande-GIS, miljöproblem
National Category
Environmental Studies in Social Sciences Environmental Economics and Management
Research subject
Marine and Brackish Water Ecology; Systems Ecology; Applied Environmental Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-250140 (URN)
Projects
Ekosystembaserad havsförvaltning (EBHF) Stockholms skärgård
Available from: 2025-12-03 Created: 2025-12-03 Last updated: 2025-12-18Bibliographically approved
Wikström, S., Kumblad, L., N. Austin, Å. & Wallner Hahn, S. (2024). Ekosystemtjänster som stöd för lokalt åtgärdsarbete. In: Sofia A. Wikström; Lena Bergström; Peter Thor (Ed.), Ekosystemtjänstanalyser som stöd för en regional ekosystembaserad havsförvaltning: Erfarenheter från tre pilotområden: 8-fjordar, Stockholms skärgård och Södra Bottenhavet (pp. 43-51). borg: Havs- och vattenmyndighetens
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Ekosystemtjänster som stöd för lokalt åtgärdsarbete
2024 (Swedish)In: Ekosystemtjänstanalyser som stöd för en regional ekosystembaserad havsförvaltning: Erfarenheter från tre pilotområden: 8-fjordar, Stockholms skärgård och Södra Bottenhavet / [ed] Sofia A. Wikström; Lena Bergström; Peter Thor, borg: Havs- och vattenmyndighetens , 2024, p. 43-51Chapter in book (Other academic)
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
borg: Havs- och vattenmyndighetens, 2024
Series
Havs- och vattenmyndighetens rapport ; 2024:5
National Category
Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources
Research subject
Oceanography
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-238391 (URN)978-91-89329-77-5 (ISBN)
Available from: 2025-01-22 Created: 2025-01-22 Last updated: 2025-01-22Bibliographically approved
Wikström, S., Svedäng, H., Sandström, A. & Andersson, H. C. (2024). En bild av skärgårdens ekosystem. In: Jakob Walve; Annika Tidlund (Ed.), Svealandskusten 2024: (pp. 20-22). Stockholm: Svealands kustvattenvårdsförbund
Open this publication in new window or tab >>En bild av skärgårdens ekosystem
2024 (Swedish)In: Svealandskusten 2024 / [ed] Jakob Walve; Annika Tidlund, Stockholm: Svealands kustvattenvårdsförbund , 2024, p. 20-22Chapter in book (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Fiskeriförvaltningen har traditionellt haft en begränsad koppling till annan havsmiljöförvaltning. Den nuvarande situationen i Svealandskustens ekosystem är en bra illustration av varför vi behöver bli bättre på att integrera fiskeriförvaltning och fiskevård med arbetet för en bättre vattenkvalitet och friska bottenhabitat. För att underlätta en sådan integrering har fiskeaktörer och forskare gemensamt tagit fram en modell som beskriver Stockholms skärgårds ekosystem, med fisken i fokus.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Svealands kustvattenvårdsförbund, 2024
Series
Svealandskusten, ISSN 2000-9240 ; 2024
Keywords
Fiskeriförvaltning, Östersjön, vattenkvalitet, näringsvävsmodell
National Category
Ecology Fish and Wildlife Management
Research subject
Marine Ecology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-239023 (URN)978-91-987871-2-2 (ISBN)
Available from: 2025-02-04 Created: 2025-02-04 Last updated: 2025-02-18Bibliographically approved
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0003-3508-2109

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