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The unicellular eukaryotic parasite Toxoplasma gondii hijacks the migration machinery of mononuclear phagocytes to promote its dissemination
Stockholms universitet, Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för molekylär biovetenskap, Wenner-Grens institut.ORCID-id: 0000-0002-3388-061X
Stockholms universitet, Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för molekylär biovetenskap, Wenner-Grens institut.ORCID-id: 0000-0001-7746-9964
Rekke forfattare: 22020 (engelsk)Inngår i: Biology of the Cell, ISSN 0248-4900, E-ISSN 1768-322X, Vol. 112, nr 9, s. 239-250Artikkel, forskningsoversikt (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan with the ability to infect virtually any type of nucleated cell in warm-blooded vertebrates including humans. Toxoplasma gondii invades immune cells, which the parasite employs as shuttles for dissemination by a Trojan horse mechanism. Recent findings are starting to unveil how this parasite orchestrates the subversion of the migratory functions of parasitised mononuclear phagocytes, especially dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes. Here, we focus on how T. gondii impacts host cell signalling that regulates leukocyte motility and systemic migration in tissues. Shortly after active parasite invasion, DCs undergo mesenchymal-to-amoeboid transition and adopt a high-speed amoeboid mode of motility. To trigger migratory activation - termed hypermigratory phenotype - T. gondii induces GABAergic signalling, which results in calcium fluxes mediated by voltage-gated calcium channels in parasitised DCs and brain microglia. Additionally, a TIMP-1-CD63-ITGB1-FAK signalling axis and signalling via the receptor tyrosine kinase MET promotes sustained hypermigration of parasitised DCs. Recent reports show that the activated signalling pathways converge on the small GTPase Ras to activate the MAPK Erk signalling cascade, a central regulator of cell motility. To date, three T. gondii-derived putative effector molecules have been linked to hypermigration: Tg14-3-3, TgWIP and ROP17. Here, we discuss their impact on the hypermigratory phenotype of phagocytes. Altogether, the emerging concept suggests that T. gondii induces metastasis-like migratory properties in parasitised mononuclear phagocytes to promote infection-related dissemination.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
2020. Vol. 112, nr 9, s. 239-250
Emneord [en]
Apicomplexa, Calcium, GABA, Leukocyte motility, Receptor tyrosine kinase
HSV kategori
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-182965DOI: 10.1111/boc.202000005ISI: 000534496600001PubMedID: 32359185OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-182965DiVA, id: diva2:1452812
Tilgjengelig fra: 2020-07-07 Laget: 2020-07-07 Sist oppdatert: 2022-02-26bibliografisk kontrollert

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Ólafsson, Einar B.Barragan, Antonio

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