Welfare states differ greatly in the extent to which they provide social protection for various age-related social risks and set different priorities between needs associated with childhood, maturity, and old age. This chapter aims to explore and defend an ideal of age universalism in social insurance, according to which the degree of income replacement should be similar across age-related social risks. The argument suggests pragmatic advantages of age-balanced social insurance, showing that it tends to provide higher levels of income replacement for age-related risks throughout the life cycle and achieve more favourable social outcomes in all age groups, including poverty rates, trust, and subjective well-being.