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Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Glycerol to Value-Added Compounds on Pd Nanocrystals
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK).ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4759-5895
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Inorganic and Structural Chemistry.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4319-1540
2023 (English)In: ACS Applied Nano Materials, E-ISSN 2574-0970, Vol. 6, no 13, p. 11211-11220Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Pd octahedral, rhombic dodecahedral, and cubic nanoparticles (PdOCTA, PdRD, and PdCUBE NPs) were synthesized, characterized, and studied as catalysts for the glycerol electrooxidation reaction (GEOR) in a strongly alkaline medium at 20 and 60 °C. The highest mass activity of 0.050 and 0.183 mA/μgPd was observed on PdOCTA at 20 and 60 °C, respectively, whereas PdCUBE exhibited the highest specific activity of 1.49 and 12.84 mA/cmPd2, respectively. The GEOR products were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and their selectivity and overall glycerol conversion were evaluated at 0.86 V vs RHE. The selectivity toward the three-carbon chain (C3) GEOR products was similar for the different types of catalysts, with PdOCTA and PdCUBE NPs achieving more than 50% selectivity at 20 °C and more than 60% at 60 °C. Glycerate was the overall dominant product for all catalysts, with a selectivity of up to 42%. The glycerol conversion was found to be highest for PdOCTA─21% at 20 °C and 82% at 60 °C, while PdRD was the least active and showed less than 3% conversion at 20 °C and 35% at 60 °C. Based on the GEOR product distribution, a reaction mechanism was proposed.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2023. Vol. 6, no 13, p. 11211-11220
Keywords [en]
palladium nanocrystals, facet-controlled synthesis, electrocatalysis, glycerol oxidation, HPLC
National Category
Nano Technology Materials Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-221312DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.3c01236ISI: 001016709200001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85164519042OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-221312DiVA, id: diva2:1798636
Available from: 2023-09-19 Created: 2023-09-19 Last updated: 2024-04-09Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. On selective glycerol valorisation: Exploring the performance of facet-controlled nanoelectrocatalysts
Open this publication in new window or tab >>On selective glycerol valorisation: Exploring the performance of facet-controlled nanoelectrocatalysts
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

     As the biodiesel industry's growth skyrocketed in the past 20 years, it resulted in the accumulation of its main by-product—glycerol. Despite its extensive applications in the pharmaceutical industry, medicine, cosmetics, agriculture, and food industries, the supply exceeds the demand. Hence, glycerol, being abundant and cheap, has emerged as a promising feedstock for producing value-added chemicals. One of the tactics to generate those products is the glycerol electrooxidation reaction (GEOR), where glycerol is oxidised at the anode and hydrogen gas is generated at the cathode.

In the present thesis, noble metal-based nanoparticles were synthesised, characterised, and evaluated in alkaline media as catalysts for the GEOR. In order to assess and optimise the electrocatalytic performance and selectivity of the GEOR toward three-carbon (C3) products, different parameters like the morphology and composition of the catalyst, exposed crystallographic facets, electrolyte composition and electrolysis potential were studied.

The centre of the attention of the research covered were Pd, Pd-Ni, Pt and Pt-Co nanoparticles with an octahedral, rhombic dodecahedral, and cubic shape and more irregular shapes. Cubic-shaped catalysts with {100} faces were the best-performing among the investigated systems. In addition, alloying of Pd and Pt with non-noble Ni and Co improved the efficiency of the GEOR compared to their noble monometallic counterparts while generally retaining the selectivity of C3 products mostly represented by glycerate and lactate.

Abstract [sv]

Under de senaste 20 åren har tillväxten inom biodieselindustrin skjutit i höjden och resulterat i en ackumulering av dess huvudsakliga biprodukt – glycerol. Trots dess omfattande användning inom läkemedels-, kosmetika-, och livsmedelsindustrin och medicin samt inom jordbruket överstiger utbudet efterfrågan. Därför har glycerol, som är ett rikligt förekommande och billigt ämne, framträtt som en lovande råvara för produktion av värdefulla kemikalier. En av strategierna för att generera dessa produkter är glycerolelektrooxidationsreaktionen (GEOR), där glycerol oxideras vid anoden och vätgas genereras vid katoden.

I den här avhandlingen syntetiserades, karakteriserades och utvärderades nanopartiklar baserade på ädla metaller i alkaliska medier som katalysatorer för GEOR. För att bedöma och optimera den elektrokatalytiska prestandan och selektiviteten hos GEOR gentemot produkter med tre kolatomer (C3), studerades olika parametrar såsom katalysatorernas morfologi, sammansättning, exponerade kristallografiska fasetter, elektrolytsammansättning och elektrolyspotential.

Forskningsfokus låg på Pd, Pd-Ni, Pt och Pt-Co nanopartiklar med oktaedrisk, rombisk dodekaedrisk och kubisk form, samt mer irreguljärt formade dendriter och nanopartiklar. Kubformade katalysatorer med {100} ytor var de bäst presterande. Dessutom förbättrade legering av Pd och Pt med icke-ädelmetallerna Ni och Co effektiviteten hos GEOR jämfört med deras ädla monometalliska motsvarigheter, samtidigt som de i allmänhet behöll selektiviteten för C3-produkter som främst representeras av glycerat och laktat.

Abstract [ru]

Стремительный рост производства биодизеля в течение последних 20 лет привёл к избытку его основного побочного продукта, глицерина, вопреки его широкому применению в фармацевтике, медицине, сельском хозяйстве, косметической и пищевой промышленности. Одним из способов его реализации является валоризация путём реакции электроокисления глицерина (РЭОГ), в ходе которой глицерин окисляется на аноде, а газообразный водород выделяется на катоде.

В ходе выполнения настоящей диссертации были синтезированы и охарактеризованы наночастицы на основе благородных металлов и исследованы их электрокаталитические свойства в РЭОГ в щелочной среде. Для оценки и оптимизации электрокаталитической активности и селективности РЭОГ к трёхуглеродным (C3) продуктам были изучены такие параметры как морфология и состав катализаторов, тип кристаллографических граней, состав электролита и потенциал электролиза.

Объектами исследования были Pd, Pd-Ni, Pt и Pt-Co наночастицы октаэдрической, ромбододекаэдрической и кубической формы, а также дендриты и наночастицы более неправильной формы. Катализаторы кубической формы с {100} гранями имели лучшие характеристики среди изученных систем. Кроме того, легирование Pd и Pt с неблагородными Ni и Co улучшило эффективность РЭОГ по сравнению с их монометаллическими аналогами с сохранением селективности к C3 продуктам, среди которых преобладали глицерат и лактат.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, 2024. p. 86
Keywords
glycerol electrooxidation, nanocatalyst, facet control, alloy, HPLC, электроокисление глицерина, нанокатализатор, контроль граней, легирование, ВЭЖХ, glycerolelektrooxidation, nanokatalysator, fasettkontroll, legering, HPLC
National Category
Chemical Sciences Materials Chemistry Nano Technology
Research subject
Inorganic Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-227999 (URN)978-91-8014-757-6 (ISBN)978-91-8014-758-3 (ISBN)
Public defence
2024-05-24, Magnélisalen, Kemiska övningslaboratoriet, Svante Arrhenius väg 16 B and online via Zoom, public link is available at the department website, Stockholm, 09:30 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2024-04-29 Created: 2024-04-07 Last updated: 2024-04-25Bibliographically approved

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