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Probability of presence versus ψ(x,t)ψ(x,t)
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics. MIT, USA; Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China; Arizona State University, USA.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6489-6155
Number of Authors: 22025 (English)In: Annals of Physics, ISSN 0003-4916, E-ISSN 1096-035X, Vol. 475, article id 169935Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Postulating the identification of ψ(x,t)ψ(x,t) with a physical probability density is unsatisfactory conceptually and overly limited practically. For electrons, there is a simple, calculable relativistic correction proportional to ∇ψ⋅∇ψ. In particular, zeroes of the wave function do not indicate vanishing probability density of presence. We derive a correction of this kind from a Lagrangian, in a form suitable for wide generalization and use in effective field theories. Thus we define a large new class of candidate models for (quasi-)particles and fields, featuring modified kinetic terms. We solve for the stationary states and energy spectrum in some representative problems, finding striking effects including the emergence of negative effective mass at high energy and of localization by energy.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. Vol. 475, article id 169935
Keywords [en]
Effective theory, Klein paradox, Localization, Modified Schrödinger equation, Negative effective mass
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URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-239811DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2025.169935ISI: 001423819500001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85216767896OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-239811DiVA, id: diva2:1940358
Available from: 2025-02-26 Created: 2025-02-26 Last updated: 2025-02-26Bibliographically approved

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Wilczek, Frank

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