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Glimmers in the Cosmic Dawn. III. On the Photometrically Determined Black Hole Mass to Stellar Mass Relation across Cosmic Time
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Astronomy. Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics (OKC).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9136-3701
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Astronomy. Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics (OKC).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8587-218x
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Astronomy. Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics (OKC).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8419-3062
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Astronomy. Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics (OKC).ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1025-7569
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Number of Authors: 102026 (English)In: Astrophysical Journal, ISSN 0004-637X, E-ISSN 1538-4357, Vol. 999, no 2, article id 175Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We present the results from performing spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting on 121 variable active galactic nuclei (AGN) candidates in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field using photometry from both the Hubble Space Telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) covering 0.2–4.8 μm. We designed a bespoke SED fitting code, which decomposes the total SED into its stellar and AGN contributions. Our SED fitting retrieves a significant contribution to the total SED from an AGN template for 26 of our variable sources with 0 < z < 7. We leverage the model AGN spectrum to estimate black hole masses (MBH) using the measured luminosity at 5100 Å and local empirical calibrations. Common with recently discovered JWST broad-line AGN, we observe a trend in the MBHM* plane where low-redshift sources have MBH that agrees with local relations while high-redshift sources have increasingly overmassive black holes with respect to the stellar mass (M*) of their host galaxies. Within our sample, we identify two IMBH candidates hosted by dwarf galaxies at z < 1 featuring overmassive black holes in the MBHM* plane, similarly to our high-redshift sources. Finally, our SED fitter successfully retrieves the AGN nature of one source at z > 6. This object has zphot = 6.74, and we estimate a lower limit on its black hole mass of log10(MBH/M) > 7.36.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2026. Vol. 999, no 2, article id 175
Keywords [en]
High-redshift galaxies, Active galactic nuclei, Galaxy evolution
National Category
Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-254868DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae3d04ISI: 001705083300001OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-254868DiVA, id: diva2:2058621
Available from: 2026-05-08 Created: 2026-05-08 Last updated: 2026-05-08Bibliographically approved

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Robinson Young, AliceHayes, Matthew J.Saldana-Lopez, AlbertoRunnholm, AxelMelinder, Jens

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Robinson Young, AliceHayes, Matthew J.Saldana-Lopez, AlbertoRunnholm, AxelMelinder, Jens
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