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Applying Multimodal Learning to Classify Transient Detections Early (AppleCiDEr). I. Dataset, Methods, and Infrastructure
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Number of Authors: 212026 (English)In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, ISSN 0004-6280, E-ISSN 1538-3873, Vol. 138, no 5, article id 054508Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Modern time-domain surveys like the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) generate hundreds of thousands to millions of alerts, demanding automatic, unified classification of transients and variable stars for efficient follow-up. We present Applying multimodal learning to Classify transient Detections Early (AppleCiDEr), a novel framework that integrates four key data modalities (photometry, image cutouts, metadata, and spectra) to overcome limitations of single-modality classification approaches. Our architecture introduces (i) two transformer encoders for photometry, (ii) a multimodal convolutional neural network (CNN) with domain-specialized metadata towers and Mixture-of-Experts fusion for combining metadata and images, and (iii) a CNN for spectra classification. Training on ∼30,000 real ZTF alerts, AppleCiDEr achieves high accuracy, allowing early identification and suggesting follow-up for rare transient spectra. The system provides the first unified framework for transients classification using real observational data, with seamless integration into brokering pipelines, demonstrating readiness for the LSST era.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2026. Vol. 138, no 5, article id 054508
Keywords [en]
Astroinformatics, Classification, Time domain astronomy
National Category
Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-256244DOI: 10.1088/1538-3873/ae55cbISI: 001773560900001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105040010970OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-256244DiVA, id: diva2:2065818
Available from: 2026-06-04 Created: 2026-06-04 Last updated: 2026-06-04Bibliographically approved

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Sollerman, Jesper

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  • apa
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  • Other style
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  • de-DE
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Output format
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  • asciidoc
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