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Graffiti, Aging and Subcultural Memory-A Struggle for Recognition through Podcast Narratives
Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
Number of Authors: 12020 (English)In: Societies, E-ISSN 2075-4698, Vol. 10, no 1, article id 1Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This article engages with the existential importance of subcultural memory for middle aged men. The social site is digital and consists of the first three Swedish graffiti podcasts where graffitied life courses are reflexively constructed through conversations. The empirical material gives unique insight into the construction of subcultural aging and self-identity and offers a critical reflection on theories of youth cultures. The results show that sharing memories of youth, crime and agency shapes the meaning of graffiti and subcultural cohesion. Retrospective narratives on personal development and increased reflexivity and self-control are constructed. Story telling has a long tradition in graffiti and social media has lately been incorporated within the subculture. As graffiti is a holistic practice, writers adopt many techniques to create graffiti personas, and podcasts, in addition to writing, have been established as a contemporary way to practice graffiti. The article illustrates how graffiti podcasting forms a mnemonic community where the meaning of graffiti is negotiated. Podcasts are memory sites in a struggle for individual and cultural recognition of what used to be labeled a deviant subculture.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2020. Vol. 10, no 1, article id 1
Keywords [en]
graffiti, podcasts, subcultural memory, aging, reflexivity, recognition
National Category
Sociology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-183603DOI: 10.3390/soc10010001ISI: 000530216300001OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-183603DiVA, id: diva2:1455010
Available from: 2020-07-21 Created: 2020-07-21 Last updated: 2024-11-27Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Still Writing: Subcultural Graffiti, Aging, and Digital Memory Work
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Still Writing: Subcultural Graffiti, Aging, and Digital Memory Work
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis examines how the meanings of the past are constructed during digital memory work and how memory work contributes to negotiations of identities and group boundaries. I study this through an analysis of how graffiti writers use social media to remember collectively. The participants are graffiti writers who are no longer young. Using the internet, they share and discuss stories and photographs from their youth, reflecting on how graffiti has shaped their lives. In this process, they intertwine individual memories into collective memories and formulate arguments according to which graffiti is a valuable cultural heritage. The thesis offers cultural sociological insights into how digital memory work can maintain group cohesion over time. Additionally, it offers an understanding of how digital memory work can (re)negotiate the meanings of aging.

Graffiti is a subculture created by teenagers during the 1970s and 1980s; it is still associated with youth and crime. Like many other subcultures, graffiti expresses a symbolic rejection of the adult world and its demands. However, many graffiti writers have now reached middle age and are considering what it means to remain part of the culture. Their memory work largely revolves around exploring the paradox between being a responsible adult and celebrating the subversive lifestyle of their youth.

The primary material for this thesis consists of representations of memories gathered from the internet. I also use ethnographic methods to study interactions between graffiti writers both online and offline. Each of the thesis's three studies is based on a specific genre within social media. In Study I, I examine how biographies produced through podcasts formulate a shared history. In Study II, I explore how the writers use Facebook to collect and discuss photographs of graffiti from the 1980s and 1990s. In Study III, I investigate how ironic Instagram memes are used to represent aging bodies and lost youth.

In the thesis, I show that the different narrative conventions of digital media influence how the past is portrayed and allow it to be experienced in multiple ways. I also demonstrate that digital memory work fosters community by highlighting memories that emphasize similarities while overlooking conflicts within the group. At the same time, existing cultural ideals of youth and masculinity are reproduced.

Because graffiti is a practice that shapes identities and generates feelings of group belonging, I argue that digital memory work has become a new way of doing graffiti. Furthermore, I see this as an existential practice that negotiates the participants' sense of self and their way of being in the world. I conclude that memory work provides graffiti writers with means to accept the paradox of no longer being young in a youth culture.

Abstract [sv]

I den här avhandlingen undersöker jag hur digitalt minnesarbete används för att reflektera över det förflutnas meningar och förhandla nutidens identiteter och grupptillhörigheter. Jag studerar hur graffitimålare som inte längre är unga använder sociala medier för att dela och diskutera berättelser och fotografier från sin ungdom. Samtidigt reflekterar de över hur graffiti har påverkat och format deras liv. Under processen väver de samman individuella minnen till kollektiva, samtidigt som de artikulerar argument för graffiti som ett värdefullt kulturarv. Avhandlingen bidrar med kultursociologiska insikter om hur digitalt minnesarbete kan hålla samman en grupp över tid. Utöver detta erbjuder avhandlingen förståelse av hur digitalt minnesarbete kan (om)förhandla meningen av åldrande. Graffiti är en subkultur som skapades av tonåringar under 1970-talet och 1980-talet och förknippas fortfarande med ungdom och brottslighet. Liksom många andra subkulturer uttrycker graffiti ett symboliskt avståndstagande från vuxenvärlden och dess krav. Men nu har många svenska graffitimålare nått medelåldern och frågar sig vad det betyder att fortsätta vara en del av graffitikulturen. Deras minnesarbete handlar i stor utsträckning om att utforska paradoxen mellan att å ena sidan vara en ansvarsfull vuxen och å andra sidan hylla ungdomens subversiva livsstil. Det huvudsakliga materialet för avhandlingen består av representationer av minnen som hämtats från internet. I avhandlingen använder jag också etnografisk metod för att studera graffitimålarnas interaktion på och utanför internet. Var och en av avhandlingens tre studier utgår från en specifik genre inom sociala medier. I den första studien undersöker jag hur biografier producerade genom podcasts formulerar en gemensam historia. Den andra studien fokuserar på hur målarna använder Facebook för att samla in och diskutera fotografier av svensk graffiti från 1980- och 1990-talet. I den tredje studien undersöker jag hur åldrande kroppar och förlorad ungdom representeras i ironiska Instagram-memes.I avhandlingen visar jag att digitala mediers skilda narrativa konventioner påverkar hur det förflutna gestaltas och låter det upplevas på ett flertal sätt. Jag påvisar också att digitalt minnesarbete främjar gemenskap genom att graffitimålarna lyfter fram minnen som betonar likheter, medan konflikter inom gruppen förbises. Samtidigt reproduceras befintliga kulturella ideal om ungdom och maskulinitet. Då graffiti är en praktik som formar identiteter och alstrar känslor av grupptillhörighet argumenterar jag för att digitalt minnesarbete har blivit ett nytt sätt att göra graffiti. Vidare argumenterar jag för att detta är en existentiell praktik som förhandlar deltagarnas självbild samt deras sätt att vara i världen. Jag drar slutsatsen att minnesarbete ger graffitimålarna förutsättningar att acceptera paradoxen att inte längre vara ung i en ungdomskultur.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, 2024. p. 82
Series
Stockholm studies in sociology, ISSN 0491-0885 ; 88
Keywords
digital memory work, collective memory, subculture, graffiti, cultural aging, internet, masculinities, cultural sociology, meaning-making, materialities, visual analysis, narrative analysis
National Category
Sociology (excluding Social Work, Social Psychology and Social Anthropology)
Research subject
Sociology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-235843 (URN)978-91-8107-036-1 (ISBN)978-91-8107-037-8 (ISBN)
Public defence
2025-01-17, Hörsal 3, hus B, Universitetsvägen 14 B, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2024-12-18 Created: 2024-11-27 Last updated: 2024-12-12Bibliographically approved

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