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A Study on Gaze Control: Game Accessibility Among Novice Players and Motor Disabled People
Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Computer and Systems Sciences.
Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Computer and Systems Sciences.
2020 (English)In: Computers Helping People with Special Needs: 17th International Conference, ICCHP 2020, Lecco, Italy, September 9–11, 2020, Proceedings, Part I / [ed] Klaus Miesenberger, Roberto Manduchi, Mario Covarrubias Rodriguez, Petr Peňáz, Springer, 2020, p. 205-216Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Gaze control is a substitution for disabled people to play computer games. However, many disabled people may be inexperienced in games and/or novices using gaze-control. This study presents a game accessibility approach using gaze control modality for novice players and disabled people. A workshop was conducted involving a playtest on three games with gaze-control. The game experiences were observed, recorded, and evaluated with mixed methods. The study estimated the gaze control game accessibility by System Usability Scale (SUS), Game Experience Questionnaire (GEQ), and an open-ended questionnaire. The gaze control modality demonstrated possible game accessibility to people with motor disabilities. The results also indicate that the challenge of game mechanics and the accuracy of the gaze-control system are two significant impact factors. Further research will be conducted on gaze-control games including more disabled people, and also develop the data analysis methods for evaluating gaze-control modality for game accessibility.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer, 2020. p. 205-216
Series
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, ISSN 0302-9743, E-ISSN 1611-3349 ; 12376
Keywords [en]
Gaze control, Game accessibility, Motor disabled, Novice
National Category
Information Systems
Research subject
Computer and Systems Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-189223DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-58796-3_25ISBN: 978-3-030-58795-6 (print)ISBN: 978-3-030-58796-3 (electronic)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-189223DiVA, id: diva2:1519410
Conference
17th International Conference, ICCHP 2020, Lecco, Italy, September 9–11, 2020
Available from: 2021-01-18 Created: 2021-01-18 Last updated: 2024-10-07Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Accessible Artistic Visual Expression Via Eye Tracking
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Accessible Artistic Visual Expression Via Eye Tracking
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis explores the use of eye tracking to enable motor-disabled people to express their ideas visually through free-eye drawing. While recent research has yielded state-of-the-art results in unimodal gaze control for free-eye drawing, it was found that there are still limitations such as limited functionality, conflicts between observation and drawing, and brush tailing issues. To address these challenges, this thesis uncovers the theories behind these challenges and proposes novel solutions, including a free-eye drawing application with a smooth-pursuit based gaze control method, gaze-based UI design, a double-blink gaze gesture, and advanced adoption with artificial intelligence. Surveys, experiments, and field studies were conducted to assess the system's performance and usability compared to mainstream gaze-control and hand drawing methods. The results show that the proposed solutions provide efficient interaction and the ability to create graphics at the level of a hand sketch for motor-disabled people. Overall, this thesis contributes first-hand user experience reports from eye tracker users and a robust and professional accessible solution for artistic visual expression, and highlights valuable design considerations for future developments in gaze interaction.

Abstract [sv]

Denna avhandling utforskar användningen av blickspårning för att möjliggöra för personer med motoriska funktionsnedsättningar att visuellt uttrycka sina idéer genom frihandsritning med blicken. Medan tidigare forskning har givit banbrytande resultat inom unimodal blickstyrning för frihandsritning med blicken, visar denna avhandling att det fortfarande finns begränsningar såsom begränsad funktionalitet, konflikter mellan observation och ritning, och problem med penselsvans. För att ta itu med dessa utmaningar, beskriver denna avhandling teorierna bakom dessa problem och föreslår nyskapande lösningar, inklusive en frihandsritningsapplikation med en blickstyrningsmetod baserad på jämn efterföljning, design av användargränssnitt baserad på blicken, en dubbelblinkande blickgest och avancerad användning av artificiell intelligens. Enkäter, experiment och fältstudier genomfördes för att utvärdera systemets prestanda och användbarhet jämfört med vanliga metoder för blickstyrning och handritning. Resultaten visar att de föreslagna lösningarna ger effektiv interaktion och möjligheten att skapa grafik på handskissnivå för personer med motoriska funktionsnedsättningar. Sammantaget bidrar denna avhandling med en förstahandsrapport om användarupplevelser bland användare av blickspårare och en robust och professionell, tillgänglig, och konstnärlig visuell uttryckslösning, som betonar värdefulla designöverväganden för framtida utveckling inom blickinteraktion.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm University, 2024. p. 94
Series
DSV Report Series No., ISSN 1101-8526 ; 24-012
Keywords
eye tracking, gaze control, drawing, accessibility
National Category
Human Computer Interaction
Research subject
Computer and Systems Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-234117 (URN)978-91-8014-957-0 (ISBN)978-91-8014-958-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2024-11-14, Room L30, Floor 1, Borgarfjordsgatan 12, Kista, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2024-10-22 Created: 2024-10-07 Last updated: 2024-10-11Bibliographically approved

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Huang, LidaWestin, Thomas

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