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Critical aspects of equations when explored as a part-whole structure
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics and Science Education.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2340-3374
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics and Science Education.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4383-0613
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics and Science Education. Malmö University, Sweden.
2020 (English)In: Sustainable mathematics education in a digitalized world: Proceedings of MADIF 12 The twelfth research seminar oft he Swedish Society for Research in Mathematics Education Växjö, January 14–15, 2020 / [ed] Yvonne Liljekvist, Lisa Björklund Boistrup, Johan Häggström, Linda Mattsson, Oduor Olande, Hanna Palmér, Göteborg: Svensk förening för MatematikDidaktisk Forskning - SMDF, 2020, p. 223-233Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

The aim of this paper is to present critical aspects that were identified when students explored equations as a part-whole structure with negative numbers included. Students in grades 3, 8 and 9 participated in a ”theoretical work”. Learning study was used as a research approach and learning activity theory constituted a guiding principle when designing research lessons. According to the analysis, five critical aspects were identified, regardless of grade. The critical aspects are: there is a relationship between all the numbers in an equation; two parts together equals a whole with the same value; what constitutes the parts and the whole, respectively; the same relationship can be formulated in four different ways; the whole can assume a lower value than the parts.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Göteborg: Svensk förening för MatematikDidaktisk Forskning - SMDF, 2020. p. 223-233
Series
Skrifter från Svensk Förening för MatematikDidaktisk Forskning, ISSN 1651-3274 ; 15
National Category
Didactics
Research subject
Mathematics Education
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-207121ISBN: 978-91-984024-4-5 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-207121DiVA, id: diva2:1681414
Conference
The twelfth research seminar oft he Swedish Society for Research in Mathematics Education (MADIF 12), Växjö, Sweden, 14-15 January, 2020
Available from: 2022-07-06 Created: 2022-07-06 Last updated: 2022-12-14Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Kritiska aspekter för att urskilja en del-helhetsstruktur: Ett undervisningsutvecklande forskningsprojekt i grundskolan
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Kritiska aspekter för att urskilja en del-helhetsstruktur: Ett undervisningsutvecklande forskningsprojekt i grundskolan
2022 (Swedish)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Syftet med licentiatuppsatsen är att bidra med kunskap om vilka aspekter som kan vara nödvändiga för elever att urskilja för att identifiera och analysera en del-helhetsstruktur och i förlängningen bemästra ekvationer. I forskningsprojektet medverkade lärare och forskare i ett kollaborativt och intervenerande arbete. Elever i årskurserna 3, 8 och 9 deltog i semistrukturerade intervjuer och forskningslektioner för att producera data. Forskningslektionerna genomfördes med learning study som forskningsansats, vilken erbjuder iterativa processer. De teoretiska ramverken utgjordes av fenomenografi, variationsteori och lärandeverksamhet. Ansatsen fenomenografi utgjorde ett analysverktyg när intervjuerna analyserades. Variationsteori och lärandeverksamhet utgjorde kompletterande ramverk när forskningslektioner designades och analyserades. Resultatet i Artikel 1 påvisar en kritisk aspekt, vilken formulerades som: två kvantiteter tillsammans (två delar) bildar en tredje kvantitet (en helhet) med samma ”värde” som de två delarna tillsammans. Resultatet i Artikel 2 påvisar fem kritiska aspekter, vilka formulerades som (1) det är en relation mellan alla tal i en ekvation, (2) två delar tillsammans är ekvivalenta med en helhet med samma värde, (3) vad som utgör en helhet respektive delar, (4) samma relation kan formuleras på fyra olika sätt och (5) helheten kan anta ett lägre värde än delarna. En slutsats är att det kan vara en fördel redan för unga elever att delta i undervisning med utgångspunkt i early algebra och lärandeverksamhet där generella matematiska strukturer fokuseras. En ytterligare slutsats är att det kan vara gynnsamt att delta i teoretiska resonemang där ekvationer med negativa tal inkluderade utforskas med stöd av en lärandemodell.

Abstract [en]

The aim of the licentiate thesis is to contribute with knowledge concerning which aspects may be necessary for students to discern in order to identify and analyze a part-whole structure and in the long term master equations. In the research project, teachers and researchers participated in a collaborative and intervening work. Students in grades 3, 8 and 9 participated in semi-structured interviews and research lessons in order to produce data. The research lessons were conducted with learning study as research approach, which offers iterative processes.The theoretical frameworks consisted of phenomenography, variation theory and learning activity. The phenomenography approach was an analysis tool when the interviews were analyzed. Variation theory and learning activity constituted complementary frameworks when research lessons were designed and analyzed. The finding in Article 1 demonstrates a critical aspect, which was formulated as two quantities together (two parts) build up a third quantity (the whole) with the same “value” as the two parts together. The finding in Article 2 demonstrates five critical aspects, which wereformulated as (1) there is a relationship between all numbers in an equation, (2) two parts together are equivalent to a whole with the same value, (3) what constitutes a whole and parts, (4) the same relationship can be formulated in four different ways and (5) the whole can assume a lower value than the parts. One conclusion is that it may be an advantage already for young students to participate in teaching based on early algebra and learning activity where general mathematical structures are focused. A furtherconclusion is that it may be beneficial to participate in theoretical reasoning where equations with negative numbers included are explored with support by a learning model. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Stockholms universitet, 2022. p. 135
Keywords
critical aspects, relationships between quantities and between numbers, negative numbers, early algebra, learning activity, learning study, kritiska aspekter, relationer mellan kvantiteter samt mellan tal, negativa tal, early algebra, lärandeverksamhet, learning study
National Category
Didactics
Research subject
Mathematics Education
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-211326 (URN)978-91-8014-333-2 (ISBN)
Presentation
2022-06-22, Stockholm, 10:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Research Council
Available from: 2022-11-29 Created: 2022-11-27 Last updated: 2022-11-29Bibliographically approved

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Tuominen, JaneAndersson, CharlottaBjörklund Boistrup, Lisa

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