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Wind Turning in the Planetary Boundary Layer in CMIP6 Models
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Meteorology . Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, The Bolin Centre for Climate Research (together with KTH & SMHI).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5312-6510
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Meteorology . Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, The Bolin Centre for Climate Research (together with KTH & SMHI).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9074-7623
Number of Authors: 22023 (English)In: Journal of Climate, ISSN 0894-8755, E-ISSN 1520-0442, Vol. 36, no 17, p. 5729-5742Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A set of CMIP6 models is evaluated for the turning of the wind over the planetary boundary layer (PBL) and the corresponding cross-isobaric mass flux. The bulk Richardson number method is used to calculate the height of the PBL to allow for comparisons with a climatology of observed wind-turning angles documented by Lindvall and Svensson based on more than 800 stations in the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive. Wind-turning angles are found to be under-estimated in all models, with the GFDL CM4 model having the closest distribution to the observations. Large, negative cross-isobaric mass fluxes (flow toward higher pressure) are found over high-terrain areas and the North Atlantic storm -track region in all models and the ERA-Interim reanalysis. Bulk Richardson number-derived PBLs are particularly shal-low in the Norwegian Earth System Model, medium atmosphere-medium ocean resolution (NorESM2-MM), likely caused by a change in the turbulence and cloud scheme as compared to the CESM2 model that uses the same atmospheric model, leading to small wind-turning angles and cross-isobaric mass fluxes. Using the 850-hPa level as the upper boundary broad-ens the wind-turning angle distribution and increases the amount of cross-isobaric mass flux for all models. This makes the models closer to the observations, although substantial differences are still present. The assumption of a constant geo-strophic wind throughout the PBL possibly affects the calculated mass fluxes.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2023. Vol. 36, no 17, p. 5729-5742
Keywords [en]
Atmosphere, Mass fluxes, transport, Wind shear, Radiosonde, rawinsonde observations, Climate models
National Category
Climate Science
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-220904DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-22-0705.1ISI: 001046330100001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85171637580OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-220904DiVA, id: diva2:1798141
Available from: 2023-09-18 Created: 2023-09-18 Last updated: 2025-02-07Bibliographically approved

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Pyykkö, JoakimSvensson, Gunilla

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