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Spurious heritability of ability tilts: A comment on Coyle et al. (2023)
Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Stress Research Institute. Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Psychobiology and epidemiology.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5273-0150
Number of Authors: 32024 (English)In: Personality and Individual Differences, ISSN 0191-8869, E-ISSN 1873-3549, Vol. 217, article id 112471Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Ability tilts refer to within-individual differences between two abilities, e.g. math ability - verbal ability. Coyle et al. (2023) found ability tilts to be genetically heritable and concluded that ability tilts are genuine and, presumably, genetically coded individual characteristics. Moreover, Coyle et al. found a large portion of variance in ability tilts to be attributable to non-shared environmental factors (i.e. environmentability), which they interpreted to indicate that ability tilts are potentially generated by niche-picking. However, through simulations we show that heritability and environmentability of X-Y tilts are spurious consequences of heritability and environmentability of the constituent variables X and Y. Furthermore, we reanalyzed data used by Coyle et al. and show that the logic of their arguments would lead to the conclusions, for example, that the human genome codes for a difference between head circumference and verbal ability and that some individuals have picked a niche that includes a long nose at the expense of spatial ability. We do not find these conclusions tenable and propose, instead, that heritability and environmentability of tilts are spurious consequences of heritability and environmentability of the constituent variables.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2024. Vol. 217, article id 112471
Keywords [en]
ability tilts, environmentability, genetic heritability, niche-picking, reanalyses, simulations, spurious findings
National Category
Psychology
Research subject
Psychology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-224680DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2023.112471ISI: 001110693100001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85176114404OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-224680DiVA, id: diva2:1821124
Available from: 2023-12-19 Created: 2023-12-19 Last updated: 2025-01-08Bibliographically approved

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Nilsonne, Gustav

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