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Three-dimensional 𝒫𝒯-symmetric topological phases with a Pontryagin index
Stockholm University, Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics (Nordita). Cavendish Laboratory United Kingdom.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3271-991x
Number of Authors: 42024 (English)In: Physical Review B, ISSN 2469-9950, E-ISSN 2469-9969, Vol. 109, no 16, article id 165125Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We report on a certain class of three-dimensional topological insulators and semimetals protected by spinless 𝒫⁢𝒯 symmetry, hosting an integer-valued bulk invariant. We show using homotopy arguments that these phases host multigap topology, providing a realization of a single ℤ invariant in three spatial dimensions that is distinct from the Hopf index. We identify this invariant with the Pontryagin index, which describes Belavin-Polyakov-Schwartz-Tyupkin (BPST) instantons in particle physics contexts and corresponds to a three-sphere winding number. We study naturally arising multigap linked nodal rings, topologically characterized by split-biquaternion charges, which can be removed by non-Abelian braiding of nodal rings, even without closing a gap. We additionally recast the describing winding number in terms of gauge-invariant combinations of non-Abelian Berry connection elements, indicating relations to Pontryagin characteristic class in four dimensions. These topological configurations are furthermore related to fully nondegenerate multigap phases that are characterized by a pair of winding numbers relating to two isoclinic rotations in the case of four bands and can be generalized to an arbitrary number of bands. From a physical perspective, we also analyze the edge states corresponding to this Pontryagin index as well as their dissolution subject to the gap-closing disorder. Finally, we elaborate on the realization of these novel non-Abelian phases, their edge states, and linked nodal structures in acoustic metamaterials and trapped-ion experiments.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2024. Vol. 109, no 16, article id 165125
National Category
Condensed Matter Physics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-231164DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.109.165125ISI: 001238114600002Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85190402595OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-231164DiVA, id: diva2:1876882
Available from: 2024-06-25 Created: 2024-06-25 Last updated: 2024-06-25Bibliographically approved

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Bouhon, Adrien

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